Cigarette burns explained

Cigarette burns are usually deliberate injuries caused by pressing a lit cigarette or cigar to the skin. They are a common form of child abuse,[1] [2] [3] self-harm, and torture.[4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] They are typically round and about 1cm (00inches) in diameter, with a hypopigmented center and hyperpigmented periphery.

Notes and References

  1. Faller-Marquardt . Maria . Pollak . Stefan . Schmidt . Ulrike . Cigarette burns in forensic medicine . Forensic Science International . April 2008 . 176 . 2–3 . 200–208 . 10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.09.006. 17976935 .
  2. Book: Brittain . Charmaine . Understanding the Medical Diagnosis of Child Maltreatment: A Guide for Nonmedical Professionals . 2006 . Oxford University Press, USA . 978-0-19-517217-1 . 45 . en.
  3. Book: Helfer . Mary Edna . Kempe . Ruth S. . Krugman . Richard D. . The Battered Child . 1999 . University of Chicago Press . 978-0-226-32623-8 . 186–187 . en.
  4. Book: Kirschner . Robert . Peel . Michael . Peel . Michael . Iacopino . Vincent . The Medical Documentation of Torture . 2002 . Physical Examination of Late Signs of Torture . 2023-06-18 . . Cambridge University Press . 978-1-84110-068-5 . 154 . https://books.google.com/books?id=DsBd-FCgedUC&pg=PA154 . en.
  5. Book: Lightcap . T. . The Politics of Torture . 2011 . Springer . 978-0-230-33922-4 . 20 . en.
  6. Web site: Cigarette burns . DIGNITY - Danish Institute Against Torture . 26 April 2019 . 24 May 2020 . 24 March 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210324105303/https://www.dignity.dk/en/dignitys-work/health-team/torture-methods/cigarette-burns/ . dead .
  7. Book: Vij . Krishan . Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology : Principles and Practice, 5/e . 2011 . Elsevier India . 978-81-312-2684-1 . 193 . en.
  8. Perera . Priyanjith . Scars of torture: A Sri Lankan study . Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine . April 2007 . 14 . 3 . 138–145 . 10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.05.001. 16919991 .
  9. Danielsen . L . Berger . P . Torture sequelae located to the skin. . Acta Dermato-Venereologica . 1981 . 61 . 1 . 43–6 . 10.2340/00015555614346 . 6164213. 24238975 . free .
  10. Clarysse . K. . Grosber . M. . Ring . J. . Gutermuth . J. . Kivlahan . C. . Skin lesions, differential diagnosis and practical approach to potential survivors of torture . Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology . 15 April 2019 . 33 . 7 . 1232–1240 . 10.1111/jdv.15439. 30659672 . 58606927 .

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