Boulevard Explained

A boulevard is a type of broad avenue planted with rows of trees, or in parts of North America, any urban highway or wide road in a commercial district.

Boulevards were originally circumferential roads following the line of former city walls.

In North American usage, boulevards may be wide, multi-lane thoroughfares divided with only a central median.

Etymology

The word boulevard is borrowed from French. In France, it originally meant the flat surface of a rampart, and later a promenade taking the place of a demolished fortification. It is a borrowing from the Dutch word 'bulwark'.^[1]

Notable examples

Asia

Azerbaijan

• Baku Boulevard

Cambodia

• Norodom Boulevard
• Monivong Boulevard
• Sihanouk Boulevard

India

• M G Road
• Anna Salai
• Indira Gandhi Sarani
• Marine Drive
• Krishnaraja Boulevard
• Rajpath
• Necklace Road
• Mahatma Gandhi Road
• Foreshore Road

Indonesia

• Jalan Jenderal Sudirman
• Jalan M.H. Thamrin
• Jalan Jenderal Gatot Subroto
• Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said
• Jalan Gajah Mada/Jalan Hayam Wuruk
• Jalan Prof. Dr. Satrio

Vietnam

• Thang Long Boulevard

Iran

• Keshavarz Boulevard

Philippines

• Roxas Boulevard
• Shaw Boulevard
• España Boulevard
• Quezon Boulevard
• Aurora Boulevard
• Osmeña Boulevard^[2]

Australia and Oceania

Australia

• St Kilda Road, Melbourne
• Royal Parade, Melbourne
• Victoria Parade, Melbourne
• Flemington Road, Melbourne
• Mount Alexander Road, Melbourne
• The Boulevard, Perth

New Zealand

• The Four Avenues, Christchurch
• Anzac Avenue, Dunedin
• Marine Parade, Napier

Europe

Austria

• Vienna Ring Road

Denmark

Boulevards in Copenhagen:

• Nørre Voldgade
• H. C. Andersens Boulevard
• Vesterbrogade
  • • • Sønder Boulevard Dalgas Boulevard Strandboulevarden Frederiksberg Allé

France

See main article: Boulevards of Paris.

• Boulevard Beaumarchais
• Boulevard du Temple
• Boulevard Montmartre
• Boulevard des Italiens
  • Boulevard des Capucines Boulevard de la Madeleine

Germany

• Unter den Linden, Berlin
• Kurfürstendamm, Berlin
• Karl-Marx-Allee, Berlin
• , Berlin
• Königsallee, Düsseldorf
• Brienner Straße, Munich
• Leopoldstraße, Munich
• Maximilianstraße, Munich
• Prinzregentenstraße, Munich

Hungary

• Little Boulevard, Budapest
• Grand Boulevard, Budapest
• Hungária Boulevard, Budapest^[3]

Ireland

• O'Connell Street, Dublin

Italy

• Viali di Circonvallazione, Florence
• , Milan
• Via Merulana, Rome

Spain

• • • Avinguda Diagonal, Barcelona

Portugal

• Avenida da Liberdade, Lisbon

Russia

• Boulevard Ring, Moscow
  • Tverskoy Boulevard^[4]
• Garden Ring, Moscow

North America

Canada

• Lake Shore Boulevard, Toronto
• Pie-IX Boulevard, Montreal
• King George Boulevard, Surrey

Mexico

• Paseo de la Reforma, Mexico City

United States

• Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn
• Broadway, Manhattan
• West Side Highway, Manhattan
• FDR Drive, Manhattan (future project)
• Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Santa Monica Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Hollywood Boulevard, Los Angeles
• Chicago Boulevard System
• Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia
• Roosevelt Boulevard, Philadelphia
• Southern Boulevard Park, Philadelphia
• Boulevard, Atlanta
• Park Avenue, New York City
• Las Vegas Boulevard, Las Vegas
• Ohio River Boulevard, Pittsburgh

South America

Argentina

• , Buenos Aires

Uruguay

• Artigas Boulevard, Montevideo

Books

• Book: Jacobs, Allan B. . Elizabeth Macdonald . Yodan Rofé . 2003 . The Boulevard Book . The MIT Press . 978-0-262-60023-1.
• Book: Fiaccadori . Gianfranco . Gianfranco Fiaccadori . Malinverni . Alessandro . Mambriani . Carlo . Guglielmo du Tillot: regista delle arti nell'età dei Lumi . 2012 . Fondazione Cariparma . Parma . 978-88-7898-064-8 . it . 889616353.
• Book: Pastega, Agostino Brotto . Antonio Gaidon 1738-1829. Un professionista ante litteram dal rilievo mappale al boulevard . Bassano . Associazione Interprofessionale Bassanese . 2010.

External links

• • Boulevards in Vietnam

Notes and References

1. Wiktionnaire, https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/boulevard#:~:text=Fran%C3%A7ais-,%C3%89tymologie,l'anglais%20ou%20le%20n%C3%A9erlandais.
2. Web site: Buses to Bring Change. 20 June 2012. Cebu Daily News. 16 September 2017.
3. Web site: Húsvét után jön a nagykörúti káosz. Index.hu. 17 April 2006. 16 September 2017.
4. Web site: Некоммерческий проект бульвары Москвы.. Bulwar.ru. 16 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170918121544/http://bulwar.ru/. 18 September 2017. dead.