The Bishop of Raphoe is an episcopal title which takes its name after the town of Raphoe in County Donegal, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with another bishopric.
In the earliest period of the diocese, the episcopal see was often referred to as Tír Conaill (the surrounding region). It was also sometimes written as Ráith Both, the Middle Irish spelling of the location. In 1266, Bishop Germanus of Derry forcibly transferred the Inishowen peninsula from the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Raphoe to the Diocese of Derry.
After the Reformation, there were parallel episcopal successions. In the Church of Ireland, the title continued until 1834 when it united with Derry and formed the united bishopric of Derry and Raphoe.
In the Catholic Church, the title continues as a separate bishopric. The current Incumbent is The Most Reverend Alan McGuckian, SJ, Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Raphoe, who was appointed by the Holy See on 9 June 2017 and ordained Bishop on 6 August 2017.
| Pre-Reformation Bishops of Raphoe | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Ordinary | Notes |
| dates unknown | Eóin Ua Gairedáin | ||
| dates unknown | Domnall Ua Garbáin | Also recorded as Domnall Ua Garbáin. | |
| dates unknown | Feidlimid Ua Sida | Also recorded as Feidlimid Ua Sida. | |
| bef. 1156 | Gilla in Choimded Ua Caráin | Also known as Gilbert O'Caran, or Gillebertus. Became bishop of Raphoe before 1156. Translated to Armagh circa 1175. | |
| unknown | 1198 | (Name not known) | Resigned before 18 March 1198. |
| bef. 1204 | 1252 | Máel Ísu Ua Doirig | Became bishop before 1204. Resigned before 7 March 1252. |
| 1253 | 1261 | Máel Patraic Ua Scannail, OP | Also known as Patrick Ó Scannail, or Patricius. Elected circa November 1253 and consecrated on 30 November 1253. Translated to Armagh on 5 November 1261. |
| 1263 | 1265 | Giovanni de Alneto, OFM | Also known as Johannes. Appointed on 3 December 1263. Resigned on 28 April 1265. |
| 1265 | 1274 | Cairpre Ó Scuapa, OP | Appointed after 28 April 1265. Acted as a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Canterbury (1273). Died in office on 9 May 1274. |
| 1299 | Fergal Ó Firghil | Also known as Fergal O'Ferrell, or Florentius. Became bishop circa 1275. Died in office in 1299. | |
| bef. 1306 | 1306 | (Tomás Ó Naán, bishop-elect) | Archdeacon of Raphoe. Elected bishop before 1306, but was never consecrated. Died in 1306. |
| 1306 | 1319 | Énri Mac in Chrossáin | Also known as Henricus. Became bishop circa 1306. Died in office in 1319. |
| 1319 | 1337 | Tomás Mac Carmaic Uí Domnaill, OCist | Formerly abbot of Assaroe Abbey. Elected bishop in 1319. Died in office in 1337. |
| unknown | 1367 | Pádraig Mac Maonghaill | Died in office before October 1367. Appointed Archbishop of Armagh in error in 1363, but the appointment never took effect. |
| 1367 | 1397 | Conchobhar Mac Carmaic Uí Dhomhnaill, OCist | Also known as Cornelius. Formerly abbot of Assaroe Abbey and a canon of Raphoe Cathedral. Appointed on 23 December 1367. Resigned on 21 February 1397 and died in 1399. |
| 1397 | unknown | Seoán Mac Meanmain, OCist | Formerly a monk at Assaroe Abbey. Appointed on 21 February 1397. |
| 1400 | 1419 | Eóin Mac Carmaic | Also known as Johannes. Appointed before 8 December 1400. Died in office in 1419. |
| 1420 | 1438 | Lochlainn Ó Gallchobhair (I.) | Also known as Laurentius. Formerly Dean of Raphoe. Elected bishop before 27 February and appointed on 28 February 1420. Died in office in 1438. |
| 1440 | 1442 | Cornelius Mac Giolla Bhrighde | Formerly Dean of Raphoe. Appointed on 20 July 1440 and consecrated after 30 July 1440. Died in office before June 1442. |
| 1443 | 1479 | Lochlainn Ó Gallchobhair (II.) | Also known as Laurentius. Formerly a canon and official of Raphoe Cathedral. Appointed on 18 June 1442 and consecrated after 23 July 1443. Died in office before November 1479. |
| 1479 | 1482 | Johannes de Rogeriis | Possibly also known as Seaín Mac Ruaidhri. Formerly a priest of the Roman Church. Appointed on 12 November 1479. Died in office before November 1482. |
| 1482 | 1514 | Meanma Mac Carmaic | Also known as Menelaus Mac Carmacáin. Formerly Dean of Raphoe. Appointed on 4 November 1482. Resigned on 6 February 1514 and died on 9 May 1515. |
| align=center colspan="4" | Source(s):[1] [2] [3] | ||
| Bishops of Raphoe during the Reformation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Ordinary | Notes |
| 1514 | aft. 1550 | Conn Ó Catháin | Also known as Conn Ó Cathláin. Appointed by the papacy on 6 February 1514. Accepted royal supremacy in 1534. Died after 1550. |
| 1534 | 1543 | Éamonn Ó Gallchobhair | Also known as Edmund O'Gallagher. Appointed by the papacy on 11 May 1534, in opposition to O'Cahan, but was unable to take possession of the See. Died on 26 February 1543. |
| 1547/54 | 1561 | Art Ó Gallchobhair | Appointed by the papacy in 1547, in opposition to Ó Catháin, but did not take possession of the see until papal supremacy was re-established in Ireland by Queen Mary I in 1554. After the accession of Queen Elizabeth I in 1558, his position was uncertain. Died on 13 August 1561. |
| align=center colspan="4" | Source(s):[4] [5] [6] | ||
| Church of Ireland Bishops of Raphoe | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Ordinary | Notes |
| 1561 | 1603 | See vacant | |
| 1603 | (Denis Campbell) | Dean of Limerick (1588–1603). Nominated as Bishop of Raphoe, Derry and Clogher in 1603, but died before consecration in July in the same year. | |
| 1603 | 1605 | See vacant | |
| 1605 | 1609 | George Montgomery | Nominated on 15 February and appointed by letters patent on 13 June 1605. Also was bishop of Derry (1605–1609), Clogher (1605–1621), and Meath (1609–1621). Died on 15 January 1621. |
| 1611 | 1633 | Andrew Knox | Translated from The Isles. Nominated on 7 May 1610 and appointed by letters patent on 26 June 1611. Died in office on 17 March 1633. |
| 1633 | 1661 | John Leslie | Translated from The Isles. Nominated on 8 April 1633 and appointed by letters patent on 1 June 1633. Translated to Clogher on 17 June 1661. |
| 1661 | 1671 | Robert Leslie | Translated from Dromore. Nominated on 29 April and appointed by letters patent on 20 June 1661. Translated to Clogher on 26 October 1671. |
| 1671 | 1681 | Ezekiel Hopkins | Nominated on 6 September 1671 and consecrated on 29 October 1671. Translated to Derry on 11 November 1681. |
| 1682 | 1693 | William Smyth | Translated from Killala and Achonry. Nominated on 16 January and appointed by letters patent on 17 February 1682. Translated to Kilmore and Ardagh on 5 April 1693. |
| 1693 | 1701 | Alexander Cairncross | Formerly Archbishop of Glasgow (1684–1687). Nominated on 22 March 1693 and appointed by letters patent on 16 May 1693. Died in office on 14 May 1701. |
| 1701 | Robert Huntington | Nominated on 7 June 1701 and consecrated on 20 July 1701. Died in office on 2 September 1701. | |
| 1702 | 1712 | John Pooley | Translated from Cloyne. Nominated on 14 May 1702 and appointed by letters patent on 12 September 1702. Died in office on 16 October 1712. |
| 1713 | 1714 | Thomas Lindsay | Translated from Killaloe. Nominated on 23 April 1713 and appointed by letters patent on 6 June 1713. Translated to Armagh on 4 January 1714. |
| 1714 | 1716 | Edward Synge | Formerly Chancellor of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. Nominated on 7 October 1714 and consecrated on 7 November 1714. Translated to Tuam on 8 June 1716. |
| 1716 | 1743 | Nicholas Forster | Translated from Killaloe. Nominated on 22 May 1716 and appointed by letters patent on 8 June 1716. Died in office on 5 June 1743. |
| 1744 | 1747 | William Barnard | Formerly Dean of Rochester (1743–1744). Nominated on 20 April 1744 and consecrated on 19 August 1744. Translated to Derry on 19 March 1747. |
| 1747 | 1752 | Philip Twysden | Nominated on 28 February 1746 and consecrated on 29 March 1747. Died in office on 2 November 1752, allegedly shot while committing a robbery of a stagecoach near London. His only surviving child was from his second marriage and posthumous, Frances Twysden (1753–1821). |
| 1753 | 1763 | Robert Downes | Translated from Down and Connor. Nominated on 28 December 1752 and appointed by letters patent on 16 January 1753. Died in office on 30 June 1763. |
| 1763 | 1780 | John Oswald | Translated from Dromore. Nominated on 18 July 1763 and appointed by letters patent on 25 August 1763. Died in office on 4 March 1780. |
| 1780 | 1807 | James Hawkins | Translated from Dromore. Nominated on 20 March 1780 and appointed by letters patent on 1 April 1780. Died in office on 23 June 1807. |
| 1807 | 1819 | Lord John Beresford | Translated from Cork and Ross. Nominated on 23 July 1807 and appointed by letters patent on 10 August 1807. Translated to Clogher on 25 September 1819. |
| 1819 | 1822 | William Magee | Formerly Dean of Cork. Appointed by letters patent on 22 September 1819 and consecrated on 24 October 1819. Translated to Dublin on 24 June 1822. |
| 1822 | 1834 | William Bissett | Nominated on 17 June 1822 and consecrated on 21 July 1822. Died in office on 5 September 1834. |
| Since 1834, the Church of Ireland see has been part of the united bishopric of Derry and Raphoe | |||
| align=center colspan="4" | Source(s):[7] [8] [9] | ||
| Roman Catholic Bishops of Raphoe | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From | Until | Ordinary | Notes |
| 1562 | 1589 | Dónal Mag Congail | Anglicised into Donald McGonagle. Appointed on 28 January 1562. Died in office on 29 September 1589. |
| 1589 | 1591 | See vacant | |
| 1591 | 1611 | Niall Ó Baoighill | Appointed on 9 August 1591. Died in office on 6 February 1611. |
| 1611 | 1621 | See vacant | |
| 1621 | 1661 | Eóin Ó Cuileannáin | Known in English as John O'Cullenan. Appointed vicar apostolic by papal brief on 1 December 1621 and reappointed bishop by papal brief on 9 June 1625. Consecrated in 1629. Left Ireland in March 1653 and died in exile on 24 March 1661. |
| 1657 | unknown | (Hugh Ó Gallchobhair, vicar apostolic) | Appointed vicar apostolic by papal brief on 10 July 1657. |
| 1695 | 1697 | (Fergus Laurence Lea, apostolic administrator) | Bishop of Derry (1694–1697). Appointed Apostolic Administrator of Raphoe on 18 February 1695. Died on 19 January 1697. |
| 1697 | 1725 | See vacant | |
| 1725 | 1737 | James Ó Gallchobhair | Appointed by papal brief on 21 July 1725 and consecrated on 25 November 1725. Translated to Kildare and Leighlin on 18 May 1737. |
| 1737 | 1749 | Bonaventure O'Gallagher, OFM | Also known as Daniel O'Gallagher. Appointed by papal brief on 10 December 1737 and consecrated on 29 December 1737. Died in office in 1749. |
| 1750 | 1755 | Anthony Ó Dónaill, OFM | Appointed by papal brief on 19 January 1750. Died in office on 20 or 26 April 1755. |
| 1755 | 1758 | Nathaniel Ó Dónaill | Appointed by papal brief on 18 July 1755. Died in office in 1758. |
| 1759 | 1782 | Philip Ó Raghallaigh | Appointed by papal brief on 9 January 1759 and consecrated on 22 April 1759. Died in office in 1782. |
| 1782 | 1801 | Anthony Coyle | Appointment as coadjutor bishop confirmed on 27 April 1777 and papal brief issued on 16 May 1777. Consecrated on 14 September 1777. Succeeded diocesan bishop in 1782. Died in office on 21 January 1801. |
| 1796 | 1800 | (James Dillon, coadjutor bishop) | Appointment as coadjutor bishop approved on 29 November 1795 and papal brief issued on 19 January 1796. Before succeeding, translated to Kilmore on 10 August 1800. |
| 1801 | 1801 | (John McElvoy, coadjutor bishop) | Appointment as coadjutor bishop approved on 18 January 1801 and papal brief issued on 30 January 1801. Did not succeed and died unconsecrated on 20 September 1801. |
| 1802 | 1819 | Peter MacLaughlin | Appointment confirmed on 25 April 1802 and papal brief issued on 14 May 1802. Consecrated on 24 August 1802. Additionally appointed Apostolic Administrator of Derry by papal brief on 12 January 1819. Resigned as Bishop of Raphoe on 29 July 1819. Subsequently became Bishop of Derry on 4 April 1824. |
| 1820 | 1861 | Patrick McGettigan | Appointment approved on 25 June 1802 and papal brief issued on 11 July 1820. Consecrated on 17 September 1820. Died in office on 1 May 1861. |
| 1861 | 1870 | Daniel McGettigan | Appointment as coadjutor bishop approved on 3 February 1856 and papal brief issued on 29 February 1856. Consecrated on 18 May 1856. Succeeded diocesan bishop on 1 May 1861. Translated to Armagh on 7 March 1870. |
| 1871 | 1879 | James McDevitt | Appointment approved on 12 February 1871 and papal brief issued on 24 February 1871. Consecrated on 30 April 1871. Died in office on 5 January 1879. |
| 1879 | 1887 | Michael Logue | Appointed by papal brief on 13 May 1879 and consecrated on 20 July 1879. Translated to Armagh as coadjutor archbishop on 19 or 30 April 1887 and succeeded as Archbishop of Armagh on 3 December 1887. |
| 1888 | 1922 | Patrick Joseph O'Donnell | Appointed by papal brief on 26 February 1888 and consecrated on 3 April 1888. Translated to Armagh as coadjutor archbishop on 14 February 1922 and succeeded as Archbishop of Armagh on 19 November 1924. |
| 1923 | 1963 | William MacNeely | Appointed on 21 April 1923 and consecrated on 22 July 1923. Died in office on 11 December 1963. |
| 1965 | 1982 | Anthony McFeely | Appointed on 14 May 1965 and consecrated on 27 June 1965. Resigned 16 February 1982. |
| 1982 | 1994 | Séamus Hegarty | Appointed on 16 February 1982 and consecrated on 28 March 1982. Translated to Derry on 1 October 1994. |
| 1995 | 2017 | Philip Boyce, OCD | Appointed on 29 June 1995 and consecrated on 1 October 1995. Retired on 9 June 2017. |
| 2017 | present | Alan McGuckian, SJ | Appointed on 9 June 2017 and consecrated on 6 August 2017. |
| align=center colspan="4" | Source(s):[10] [11] [12] | ||
. Henry Cotton (divine) . The Province of Ulster . Fasti Ecclesiae Hiberniae: The Succession of the Prelates and Members of the Cathedral Bodies of Ireland . 3 . 1849 . Hodges and Smith . Dublin .