Roman Catholic Diocese of Chiusi-Pienza explained

The former Italian Catholic Diocese of Chiusi-Pienza, in Tuscany, existed until 1986. In that year it was united into the Diocese of Montepulciano-Chiusi-Pienza. The Diocese of Chiusi (Clusinus) was at first immediately subject to the Holy See, but was made a suffragan of archdiocese of Siena by Pope Pius II.[1] From 1459 to 1986, it was a suffragan of the archdiocese of Siena.[2] [3]

History

Catacombs are found at Chiusi.[4] The martyrdom of the deacon Irenaeus and the virgin Mustiola probably took place under Valerian. The monastery of San Salvatore in Amiata was traditionally said to have been built by Ratchis, King of the Lombards, in 747. The foundation document, however, is a forgery.[5] Afterwards the monastery rose to great power and influence.[6]

Bishop Francesco degli Atti (1348) was a doctor of Canon Law, noted for his De quarta canonica piorum legatorum debita episcopo, a treatise on the 25% of a bishop's income which ought to be spent on charity.[7]

Chiusi formerly boasted of a relic, the purported betrothal ring of the Blessed Virgin, which was taken to Perugia about 1449 by an Augustinian friar; in consequence of this a war broke out between them, in which Perugia was victorious and remained in possession of the ring. Pope Sixtus IV confiscated the ring, and had it brought to the Vatican, but Clement VIII returned it to Perugia. Two hundred years later, a wedding ring of the Virgin was being shown in Semur in Burgundy; another is preserved at S. Maria in via Lata in Rome; and another at the abbey of Anchin near Douai in France.[8]

Chapter and cathedral

The cathedral of Chiusi was dedicated to S. Secundinus.[9]

The cathedral was administered and served by a Chapter, originally composed of two dignities (the Provost and the Archpriest) and three Canons (canonici), along with four priests. The cathedral was a parish church, and the Archpriest and Provost were responsible for the parishioners' spiritual welfare.[10] In 1620, there were the two dignities and eight Canons.[11] Later two dignities were added (the Archdeacon and the Prior), and there were nine Canons and twelve beneficiati.[12]

In 1584, Bishop Masseo Bardi, O.F.M. (1581–1597) held a diocesan synod, and published the constitutions agreed upon at the meeting.[13] Bishop Lucio Borghesi (1682–1705) presided over a diocesan synod in Chiusi in 1684, and had its constitutions published. He held another synod in 1688.[14]

Losses of territory

In 1325, when the new diocese of Cortona was erected, Pope John XXII obtained part of the territory of the new diocese from the territory of the diocese of Chiusi.[15]

On 22 April 1459, Pope Pius II issued the bull "Triumphans Pastor", in which he raised the diocese of Siena to metropolitan status, and assigned to it as suffragans the dioceses of Soano, Chiusi, Massa, and Grosseto.[16] On 13 August 1462, with the bull "Pro Excellenti", Pius II created a new diocese, the diocese of Pienza, with his native town as the seat of the bishop. Territory for the new diocese came in part from the diocese of Chiusi.[17]

In the papal bull "In supereminenti" of 25 September 1600, Pope Clement VIII created the new diocese of Città di Pieve in Tuscany. The territory for the new diocese was taken from the dioceses of Perugia, Orvieto, the Papacy itself, and Chiusi ("Laviani, Pusteoli, Gioelle et Panigarolae cum caeteris locis in universo marchionatu Clusii" and Santa Flora). Pieve was raised to the status of a city (civitas), and its collegiate church of Ss. Gervasius and Protasius was raised to the rank of a cathedral.[18] The bull mentions that Bishop Ludovico Martelli had recently died, which no doubt simplified the process envisioned by the Pope, since there would be no opposition or appeals from Chiusi. Pope Clement sent Magister Anselmo Dandini, his papal notary de numero participantium, who was also Referendary of the Two Signatures, as Commissary and Apostolic Visitor, to assess and arrange the divisions ("ad divisionem et assignationem fructuum, redituum et proventuum, ac bonorum huiusmodi procedens").[19] Pope Clement issued a second bull, "Super Universas", on 9 November 1601, in which he rehearsed all his orders from the first bull, ratified the arrangements made by Magister Dandini, and issued additional instructions for the organization of the diocese of Città di Pieve. In compensation for its losses, the episcopal revenues of Chiusi were to receive an annual payment of 1,000 scudi.[20] Chiusi finally received a new bishop, Fausto Mellari, on 22 April 1602.[21]

In the bull of 1 June 1772, preliminary to uniting the two dioceses of Chiusi and Pienza under one bishop, aeque personaliter, Pope Clement XIV removed four parishes from the diocese of Chiusi, Arcidorro, Monticello, Montelaterone and Casteldel Piano, transferring them to the diocese of Montalcino.[22] On 15 June 1772, in the bull "Quemadmodum", Pope Clement united the dioceses of Chiusi and Pienza.[23]

Amalgamation

On 15 June 1772, in the bull "Quemadmodum", Pope Clement united the dioceses of Chiusi and Pienza.[24]

On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat. Based on the revisions, a set of Normae was issued on 15 November 1984, which was accompanied in the next year, on 3 June 1985, by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. This applied to the diocese of Chiusi e Pienza. Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese. On 30 September 1986, Pope John Paul II ordered that the dioceses of Montepulciano, Chiusi and Pienza be merged into one diocese with one bishop, with the Latin title Dioecesis Montis Politiani-Clusina-Pientina. The seat of the diocese was to be in Moontepulciano, and was to serve as the cathedral of the merged diocese. The cathedrals in Chiusi and Pienza were to become co-cathedrals, and the cathedral Chapters were each to be a Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one diocesan Tribunal, in Montepulciano, and likewise one seminary, one College of Consultors, and one Priests' Council. The territory of the new diocese was to include the territory of the former dioceses of Chiusi and Pienza, and was suffragan to the archdiocese of Siena.[25]

Bishops of Chiusi

to 1200

...

...

[Florentius (465)][27]

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

1200 to 1500

Leonardus (1322–1327) Administrator[51]

...

1500 to 1800

Cardinal Bartolomeo Guidiccioni (1544–1545) Administrator[66]

Diocese of Chiusi e Pienza

United: 15 June 1772 with the Diocese of Pienza
Pienza was immediately Subject to the Holy See

30 September 1986: United with the Diocese of Montepulciano to form the Diocese of Montepulciano-Chiusi-Pienza

See also

Notes

  1. Umberto Benigni (1908), "Chiusi-Pienza." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 3 (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908); retrieved 11 December 2019.
  2. Web site: Cheney . David M.. Diocese of Chiusi e Pienza . 'Catholic-Hierarchy.org. June 16, 2018.
  3. Web site: Chow . Gabriel. Diocese of Chiusi (Italy). GCatholic.org. June 16, 2018.
  4. Book: Francesco Liverani. Le catacombe e antichità cristiane di Chiusi. 244. 1872. Bargellini. Siena. Italian.
  5. Kehr III, p. 237: "Sed diplomata a Ratchis et ab Aistulfo, eius fratre, Erfoni primo Amiatino abbati concessa, omnino spuria esse nemo est quin dubitet."
  6. Cappelletti XVII, p. 574. Book: Mario Ascheri. Fulvio Mancuso. Abbadia San Salvatore: una comunità autonoma nella Repubblica di Siena : con edizione dello statuto (1434-sec. XVIII). 1994. Il Leccio. Siena. Italian.
  7. Book: Jo. Albertus Fabricius. Bibliotheca Latina mediae et infimae aetatis. Tomus V. 1858. Typ. Th. Baracchi. Florence. Latin. 569.
  8. Book: J.-A.-S. Collin de Plancy.. Dictionnaire critique des reliques et des images miraculeuses. Tome second. 1821. Guien. Paris. French. 164–166.
  9. Riccardo Belcari (2007), "Il vescovo Florentinus e la cattedrale di San Secondiano a Chiusi," Hortus Artium Medievalium 13 (2007), pp. 25-38.
  10. Ughelli III, p. 586.
  11. Gauchat, p. 154, note 1.
  12. Coleti, addition to Ughelli III, p. 586.
  13. Book: Masseus Bardi. Statuta, et constitutiones conditae in dioecesana Synodo Clusina, sub ... Masseo de Bardis Episcopo. 1584. Georgius Marescotus. Florence. Latin.
  14. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XXXVIter (Arnhem & Leipzig: H. Welter 1924), pp. 501, 523.
  15. Cappelletti XVIII, p. 271.
  16. Book: Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum romanorum pontificum. Tomus V. 1860. Seb. Franco, H. Fori et H. Dalmazzo . Turin. Latin. 150–152 §3.

    "Necnon filias nostras praedictas Suanensem, Clusinensem et Grossetanensem et Massanensem Ecclesias, cum suis civitatibus et dioecesibus, iuribus el pertinentiis universis, Ecclesiae Seuensi et arcbiepiscopis praefatis, tamquam illorum metropolitanis et de eorum provincia...."

  17. Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum romanorum pontificum V, pp. 166-169, at p. 167 §3: "ac arcem Tentinnam, cum Balneis Avinianis, Castilionis, Vallis Urciae, Campigliae, cum Balneis S. Philippi, Sancti Petri in campo Continiani, Perignani, Castri veteris, Montis Nigri, Sancti Angeli in colle, Castri Novi Abbatis, Seggiani, Ripae, Vinionis, Monticchielli et Fabricae, quae hactenus Clusinae dioecesis fuerunt, ab ipsa Clusina...."
  18. Book: Bullarum diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum romanorum pontificum. 1865. Seb. Franco, H. Fori et H. Dalmazzo editoribus. Turin. Latin. 600–603. Cappelletti, pp. 567-568.
  19. Bullarum diplomatum X, p. 742, column 1.
  20. Bullarum diplomatum X, pp. 740-750, especially §2 (pp. 741-742) for the annual payment.
  21. Gauchat, p. 154.
  22. Cappelletti XVII, p. 568. 624.
  23. Book: Giuseppe Chironi. L'archivio diocesano di Pienza: inventario. Pubblicazioni degli Archivi di stato / Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali., Strumenti, 141. . 2000. Ministero per i beni e le attività culturali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici. Roma. Italian. 978-88-7125-170-7. 26. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 171, note 1.
  24. Book: Giuseppe Chironi. L'archivio diocesano di Pienza: inventario. Pubblicazioni degli Archivi di stato / Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali., Strumenti, 141. . 2000. Ministero per i beni e le attività culturali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici. Roma. Italian. 978-88-7125-170-7. 26.
  25. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 79 (Città del Vaticano 1987), pp. 750-752.
  26. Petronius: Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, Vol. X, fasc. 1, no. 2548. Lanzoni, p. 553, no. 1.
  27. Florentius is among the bishops present at the Roman synod of Pope Hilarius in 465. But he was Bishop of Telesia (Telesinus, not Clusinus). J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus VII (Florence: A. Zatta 1762), pp. 967-968. Ughelli III, p. 587. Lanzoni, p. 554.
  28. Lanzoni, p. 554, no. 2. A letter of Pelagius is addressed to Florentino episcopo, who is identified as a bishop of Chiusi on the basis of an inscription, C.I.L. X, 1, no. 2587.
  29. Bishop Ecclesius is known from three letters of Pope Gregory I (Registrum X. 13; XI.3; XIV.15). Ughelli III, p. 587, erroneously calls him Eulogius. Lanzoni, p. 554, no. 3.
  30. Bishop Marcellinus was present at the Lateran council of Pope Martin I on 3 October 649. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus X (Florence: A. Zatta 1764), p. 866. Ughelli, p. 587.
  31. Bishop Theodorus took part in the Roman synod of Pope Agatho in 680. Ughelli, p. 587. Mansi, Tomus XI (Florence: A. Zatta 1765), p. 775. Cappelletti XVII, p. 577.
  32. Bishop Gisolfus is mentioned in the bull "Convenit Apostolico" of Pope Stephen II of 20 May 752. Cappelletti XVII, pp. 400, 579.
  33. Bishop Andreas attended the Roman synod of Pope Eugenius II on 15 November 826. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XIV (Venice: A. Zatta 1769), p. 1000. Ughelli III, p. 592.
  34. Bishop Theobaldus wrote a treatise on predestination, dedicated to Bishop Nothingus of Brescia (844–865). Ughelli, pp. 592-616. Cappelletti, p. 579.
  35. Taceprandus: Cappelletti, p. 579.
  36. Bishop Liutprandus was present at the Roman council of Pope Nicholas I in 861. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XV (Venice: A. Zatta 1770), p. 603. Ughelli, p. 616. Cappelletti, p. 579.
  37. Bishop Liutto (Liuto, Lyudo) was present at the synod of Ravenna on 25 April 967. J.-D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XVIII (Venice: A. Zatta 1773), p. 500. On 2 January 968, he subscribed a bull for Pope John XIII. Schwartz, p. 203.
  38. Pope Benedict VIII (1012–1021) sent a letter to Bishop Arialdus, instructing him to consecrate the abbey of S. Salvatore in Monte Amiato. Kehr III, p. 232, no. 4. Schwartz, p. 203.
  39. Bishop Wido was present at the Roman synod of Pope John XIX of 6 April 1027. Schwartz, pp. 203-204.
  40. Bishop Petrus attended the Roman synod of Pope Leo IX of 22 April 1049. Ughelli, pp. 626-630. Schwartz, p. 204.
  41. Martinus: Ughelli III, pp. 632-633.
  42. Ughelli, p. 633.
  43. Bishop Leo was present at the Third Lateran Council of Pope Alexander III in March 1179. J.-D. Mansi (ed.) Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus XXII (Venice: A. Zatta 1778), p. 459. Ughelli, p. 633.
  44. Theobaldus: Ughelli, p. 633. Kehr III, p. 234, nos. 15-17.
  45. Cappelletti, pp. 590-591. In January 1211, Pope Innocent III refers in a letter (XV. 157) to the electo Clusino: J. P. Migne (ed.), Patrologiae Latinae Tomus CCXIV (Paris: Garnier 1891), p. 683.
  46. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 195.
  47. Frigerius was transferred to the diocese of Perugia on 11 May 1248 by Pope Innocent IV. he died in 1250. Eubel I, pp. 195 with note 2; 396.
  48. Petrus had been Archpriest of the cathedral of Chiusi. Eubel I, p. 195.
  49. Massaeus (Matthaeus) was approved by Pope Boniface VIII on 22 November 1299. Eubel I, p. 195.
  50. Matteo was the brother of Cardinal Napoleone Orsini. He was appointed Bishop of Imola by Pope Boniface VIII on 5 August 1302. He was transferred to the diocese of Chiusi by Pope John XXII on 12 January 1317. Bishop Matteo died on 15 June 1322. Ughelli III, p. 640. Eubel I, pp. 195, 284.
  51. Leonardo Fieschi was Bishop of Catania in Sicily (1304–1331). He had made himself unpopular there, and from 1313 was living in his native Genoa, as Prior of S. Leonardo di Calignano. Book: Clifford R. Backman. The Decline and Fall of Medieval Sicily: Politics, Religion, and Economy in the Reign of Frederick III, 1296-1337. 2002. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-52181-9. 192–193. Eubel I, pp. 176, 195.
  52. Rainerius was a Benedictine monk of the monastery of S. Pietro de Petroio in the diocese of Chiusi. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi by Pope John XXII on 25 September 1327. He died in 1342 or 1343. Eubel I, p. 195.
  53. Angelo, called Poliziano by Ughelli (p. 640), and Angelo da Montepulciano by Cappelletti (p.594), the son of Guglielmo, was the former priest (plebanus) of S. Sebastiano (Chiusi). He was elected by the cathedral Chapter under Pope Benedict XII, and was confirmed by Pope Clement VI on 3 May 1343. He died in 1348. Eubel I, p. 195.
  54. Franciscus de Aptis was a native of Todi, but raised in Venice. He was sent to Padua for his education, under Raynerio Arsendo, and became a doctor of Canon Law. He had previously been Bishop of Corfu from 30 May 1348. After less than four months, he was transferred to the diocese of Clusium by Pope Clement VI on 17 September 1348. He was transferred to the diocese of Cassino on 17 April 1353, and to the diocese of Florence on 18 March 1355. He was promoted to a cardinalate by Pope Innocent VI on 23 December 1356. He died at the Papal Court in France, where he was Major Penitentiary, on 25 August 1361. Book: Niccolo Comneno Papadopoli. Historia gymnasii Patavini. Tomus II. 1726. Latin. 10. Eubel I, pp. 19, no.3; 169, 195, 198, 209, 250.
  55. Biagio had been abbot of Ss. Vitus and Salcius (Chieti, not Teano). He held a Cistercian degree of doctor of sacred scripture. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi on 12 August 1353 by Pope Innocent VI. He died in 1357, before mid-August. Ughelli III, p. 641. Eubel I, p. 195.
  56. Biagio had been a Canon of Orvieto, and then Bishop of Pesaro (1354–1357). He was transferred to Chiusi by Pope Innocent VI on 21 August 1357. A letter of his to the city of Siena is dated 24 November 1386, according to Ughelli, p. 641. Eubel I, pp. 195, 395.
  57. Jacobus had previously been Bishop of Narnia (1378–1383); he was succeeded by Bartholomaeus, an appointee of Urban VI, during the Western Schism. He was transferred to the diocese of Grosseto in 1384. He died on 26 January 1390. Eubel I, pp. 195, 269, 357.
  58. Bertini had been a Canon of the cathedral of Siena. He was elected Bishop of chiusi, but also provided by Pope Martin V on 14 December 1418. Eubel I, p. 195, II, p. 131.
  59. De Cesari made his financial arrangements with the Apostolic Camera on 8 January 1438. On 5 March 1462 De Cesari was appointed Archbishop of Benevento by Pope Eugenius IV. He died on 31 July 1464. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, pp. 104, 131.
  60. Sinulfo: Eubel II, p. 105 with notes 3 and 4.
  61. Bonifacio, still Bishop-elect, and serving as papal secretary, died on 17 June 1504. Giovanni Burchard, Diarium III, p. 359: "Lune, 17 predicti [17 June 1504] obiit R.P.D. Bonifatius, electus Clusinus clericus camere et secretarius Pape et succesit in episcopatu D. Bonafides gubernator Urbis." Book: Johann Burchard. L. Thuasne. Diarium: sive Rerum urbanarum commentarii (1483-1506).. Tome troisième. 1885. E. Leroux. Paris. Latin, French. 359. Eubel II, p. 132. Eubel III, p. 171.
  62. A native of Monte San Giusto, Vita di Niccolo Bonafede, p. 7), born in c.1464, Bonafede had been a protonotary, and served as Governor of Tivoli (1496), Forlì (1502), and Perugia (1503). He was governor of the city of Rome (1503–1505). He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi by Pope Julius II on 20 June 1504, who also ordered the Archbishop of Siena not to interfere with the procurators of Bishop Bonafede as they took possession of the diocese. He was appointed governor of Benevento (1509). Bonafede was appointed papal Vice-Legate of Bologna, and was captured by Gaston de Foix during the French invasion of King Louis XII. As general of the papal army he liberated the city of Forlì. He was President of the Romagna (1523–1524). He died in 1533 in San Giusto. Ughelli III, p. 648-649. Cappelletti XVII, pp. 597-598. Eubel II, p. 132. Book: Niccolò del Re. Monsignor governatore di Roma. 1972. Istituto di studi romani. Roma. Italian. 72. 9788873111382 . L. C. Matthew (1993), "«Patria», papal service and patronage: Nicolò Bonafede at Monte San Giusto in the Marches." Renaissance Studies, Vol. 7, No. 2 (June 1993), pp. 184-206.
  63. Ferratini was a native of Ameria, and was Canon of the collegiate church of S. Giorgio de Beligno (Piacenza). He became a scriptor litterarum apostolicarum in the papal chancery, eventually becoming Regent of the Apostolic Chancery. He was a Canon of the Vatican Basilica, and eventually Prefect. He served as Vice-Legate of the province of Gallia Cispadina (resident in Piacenza) in 1528, and Vice-Legate of Umbria. He was appointed Bishop of Sora on 8 November 1531, while serving as Majordomo of Pope Clement VII. On 14 January 1534, he was transferred to the diocese of Chiusi. Eubel III, p. 171, believes that he died before 20 August 1534, the date of his successor's appointment. Cappelletti, p. 598, believes that in 1534 he was appointed Majordomo. Eubel III, pp. 171, 302.
  64. Magalotti was appointed Bishop of Lipari on 23 August 1532. Less than a year later, on 20 August 1534, he was named Bishop of Chiusi. On 14 March 1534, Bishop Magalotti, who was still serving as Governor of Rome (1 April 1532–14 September 1534), was nearly assassinated by Giuliano Cesarini, who was pursuing a vendetta. Magalotti was Vice-Legate of the Marches at the time of the death of Pope Clement VII in 1534. He died in September 1537. Ughelli III, pp. 649-650. Cappelletti, p. 599. Eubel III, pp. 171, 226. Book: Niccolò del Re. Monsignor governatore di Roma. 1972. Istituto di studi romani. Roma. Italian. 78. 9788873111382 . Book: I Tatti Studies. 18. 2007. U. Chicago Press. Chicago. 150.
  65. Andreasi, a native of Mantua, and former secretary of Cardinal Sforza of Milan, served as Milanese ambassador to the Emperor Charles V, and then to the Holy See. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi on 20 March 1538. He served as papal ambassador in Venice from 22 February 1540 to 18 April 1542. On 2 April 1544 Andreasi was appointed Bishop of Reggio Emilia. Ughelli III, p. 650. Eubel III, p. 171 with note 8l; 283.
  66. Guidiccioni had been named a cardinal by Pope Paul III on 20 December 1538. He was appointed Apostolic Administrator of the diocese of Chiusi on 2 April 1544, and he resigned the position after 10½ months, upon the appointment of Bishop Giovanni Ricci on 20 February 1545. He was not Bishop of Chiusi, and he had not yet been consecrated a bishop. Nonethess, he claimed an annual pension of 300 scudi. Ughelli III, p. 650-651. Eubel III, pp. 27, no. 34; 171, with note 9.
  67. Ricci was Nuncio in Portugal from 27 June 1544 to 4 March 1550. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi on 20 February 1545, with the personal title of Archbishop. Ughelli, p. 651, remarks that he governed the diocese in absentia virtually the whole time. He was named a cardinal by Pope Julius III on 20 November 1551. His successor in the See of Chiusi, which he resigned, was appointed on 19 November 1554. Ricci became Archbishop of Pisa in 1567. He died in Rome on 3 May 1574. Lorenzo Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa Vol. 4 (Rome: Pagliarini, 1793), pp. 310-314. Eubel III, pp. 171, 274.
  68. Figliucci: Eubel III, p. 171.
  69. Pacini was born at Colle Val d'Elsa in Tuscany in 1506, of a family of the local nobility. He studied law at Pisa, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. In 1543 he was named governor of Parma by Pope Paul III (1543–1552). In 1556 he was named Commissary of Graldo and Norcia, where he built a fortress on papal orders. Pacini was next appointed governor of Perugia and Apostolic Visitor of the Marches. In 1557 he was named Governor of the City of Rome. On 24 August 1558, he was named Bishop of Chiusi by Pope Paul IV, and was sent as Nuncio to King Philip II in Spain. He was then sent to Avignon, to settle a number of disputes. In February 1563 he was present at the Council of Trent, where Cardinal Carlo Borromeo of Milan appointed him his vice-legate in the Marches. In 1573 he was serving as Apostolic Visitor in the Marches. He died on 18 April 1581. Book: Giuseppe Colucci. Delle antichità picene. XXIII. 1795. G.A. Paccaroni. Fermo. Italian. 296. Book: Dizionario universale delle scienze ecclesiastiche che comprende la storia della religione ... opera compilata dai padri Richard e Giraud. 7. 1848. C. Batelli e C.. Naples. Italian. 338. Eubel III, p. 171, with notes 13 and 14. Book: Antonio Stopani. La production des frontières: état et communautés en Toscane (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles). 2008. Ecole française de Rome. Rome. French. 978-2-7283-0818-7. 218.
  70. Martelli was a priest of Florence, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure. He was appointed titular bishop of Joppa (Palestine) and Coadjutor Bishop of Chiusi on 14 January 1585. He succeeded to the diocese on the death of Bishop Bardi in 1597. He died before 25 September 1600. Cappelletti, p. 601 (who noticed Clement VIII's bull of 9 September 1601, in which Bishop Martelli is mentioned as deceased, but he missed the bull of 25 September 1600, in which Martelli is also mentioned as deceased). Eubel III, p. 216 with note 1. Gauchat IV, p. 154 with note 2.
  71. Spanocchi was a native of Siena, and had been a courtier and diplomat of the Dukes of Tuscany. He had been secretary of the Nunciature in Spain, and then Auditor of the Rota for Florence. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi on 12 January 1609. He died on 5 September 1620, at the age of seventy-seven. Cappelletti, p. 602. Gauchat IV, p. 155 with note 4.
  72. A noble of Siena, Petrucci held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure, and, a personal friend of Pope Paul V (Maffeo Barberini), served in several offices in the Roman Curia. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi on 16 November 1620 by Pope Paul V. He died in March 1633. Ughelli, p. 653. Cappelletti, p. 602. Gauchat, p. 155.
  73. Campioni: Gauchat, p. 155.
  74. De' Vecchi: Gauchat, p. 155.
  75. Marescotti, a professor of canon and civil law at the University of Siena, was approved by Pope Alexander VII in the papal consistory of 11 February 1664. He had only been in Holy Orders for one month. He died on 8 December 1681. Cappelletti, p. 603. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 162 with note 2.
  76. Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 162 with note 3.
  77. Bargagli: Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 163 with note 4.
  78. Tarugi: Ritzler-Sefrin V, p. 163 with note 5.
  79. Magnoni was a native of Siena. On 4 September 1747 Magnoni was appointed Bishop of Montepulciano. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 171 with note 2.
  80. Bagnesi was a native of Florence: Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 171 with note 3.
  81. Pannilini was born in Siena in 1742, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure from the University of Siena (1764). He was a Canon of the collegiate church of S. Maria in Provenzano in Siena, and was Vicar General of S. Miniato. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi e Pienza on 13 November 1775, and consecrated in Rome on 26 November by Cardinal Pietro Pamphili. Pannilini was an enthusiastic Jansenist, and in 1786 he published a pamphlet embodying his reformist views in doctrine and practice, Book: Istruzione pastorale di monsignor vescovo di Chiusi e Pienza sopra molte ed importanti verita della religione. 47. 1786. Gaetano Cambiagi. Florence. Italian. His views were firmly rejected by the provincial council of Pistoia in 1787, and also by Pope Pius VI. He died on 12 August 1823. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, p. 171 with note 4. Book: Shaun Blanchard. The Synod of Pistoia and Vatican II: Jansenism and the Struggle for Catholic Reform. 2019. Oxford University Press. Oxford-New York. 978-0-19-094780-4. 205–206.
  82. Pippi was a native of Massa Maritima. He was one of the most successful preachers in Tuscany in his time. He was a Canon of the cathedral of Siena. He was appointed Bishop of Montalcino on 15 March 1815 by Pope Pius VII. He was transferred to the diocese of Chiusi by Pope Leo XII on 12 July 1824. He died on 30 December 1839. Cappelletti, p. 469. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, pp. 155, 222.
  83. Ciofi was born at Cesa (Arezzo) in 1787. He was a priest of the diocese of Arezzo, then Provost of the cathedral Chapter, and Vicar Capitular. He was appointed Bishop of Chiusi on 27 January 1843. He died on 25 March 1870. Book: Gazzetta del clero. Anno XVII, nos. 6-7. 1893. A. Marini. Roma. Italian. 48. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, p. 155.
  84. Born in Pienza in 1827, Bianchi, a Canon of the cathedral of Pienza, was appointed Bishop of Chiusi e Pienza on 29 July 1872 by Pope Pius IX. In the public consistory of 30 December 1889, Pope Leo XIII transferred Bishop Bianchi to the titular see of Lampsacus (Turkey), but allowed him to retain administratorship of the diocese of Chiusi temporarily. He died in 1905. Book: Il divin salvatore periodico settimanale romano. Anno XXVI. 1890. Tip. Salviucci. Roma. Italian. 423. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, pp. 212, 331.
  85. Born in Scanzano in the diocese of Sovana e Pitigliano in 1832, Bellucci was a priest of that diocese. He held doctoral degrees in theology and Canon Law, and was a Protonotary Apostolic ad instar participantium. He was a member of the Theological College of Siena. He was parochial Archpriest of Capalbio. In 1885 he served as Apostolic Administrator of the diocese of Sovana e Pitigliano (1885–1889) following the resignation of Bishop Antonio Sbrolli. He was named Bishop of Chiusi e Pienza by Pope Leo XIII on 30 December 1889.l He wrote pastoral letters against Masonry and against Socialism. He died on 19 February 1917. Book: L'avvisatore ecclesiastico in Savona. Anno XII, Serie VI. 254. 1890. A. Ricci. Italian. following 312. Ritzler-Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VIII, pp. 212, 523.

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