Benzoic anhydride is the organic compound with the formula (C6H5CO)2O. It is the acid anhydride of benzoic acid and the simplest symmetrical aromatic acid anhydride. It is a white solid.
It is usually prepared by the dehydration reaction of benzoic acid, e.g. using acetic anhydride:[1]
2 C6H5CO2H + (CH3CO)2O → (C6H5CO)2O + 2 CH3CO2HAlternatively, sodium benzoate can be treated with benzoyl chloride. It can be produced by dehydrating benzoic acid by heating.
Benzoic anhydride provides a convenient way to prepare benzoic esters:
(C6H5CO)2O + ROH → C6H5CO2H + C6H5CO2R