Battle of Dhi Qar explained

Conflict:	Battle of Dhi Qar معركة ذي قار
Date:	604-11
Place:	Sasanian Empire (Dhi Qar, Southern Iraq)
Result:	Arab victory^[1]
Combatant1:	Sassanid Persia Pro-Sasanian Arabs
Combatant2:	Banu Bakr Banu Ijl Banu Yashkur Banu Dhuhl Banu Qays Banu Taym ibn Tha'labah Abd al-Qays Banu Tamim
Commander1:	Iyas ibn Qabisah al-Ta'i Hamrez al-Tasatturi Al-Nu'man bin Zara'a Khalid bin Yazid al-Buhrani Khanabarin Hamarz Hormuzan
Commander2:	Hani' bin Qubaisah Hantala bin Tha'laba al-Ajli Abd Amr bin Bashar al-Dhubai'y Jabala bin Ba'ith al-Yashkury Al-Harith bin Wa'la al-Thahli Al-Harith bin Rabi'a al-Taimi
Strength1:	2,000 Persian soldiers, with 3,000 Arabs^[2]
Strength2:	2,000-5,000
Casualties1:	Almost all the army lost
Casualties2:	Minimal

The Battle of Dhi Qar (Arabic: يوم ذي قار), also known as the War of the Camel's Udder,^[3] was a pre-Islamic battle fought between Arab tribes and the Sassanid Empire in Southern Iraq. The battle occurred after the death of Al-Nu'man III by the orders of Khosru II.

The dating of the event is disputed. The Encyclopædia Iranica entry on the subject says:

The battle of Dhū-Qār is reported in many classical works of Arabic history and literature. The longest, but not necessarily most representative, version is Bishr ibn Marwān al-Asadī's Ḥarb Banī Shaybān maʻa Kisrá Ānūshirwān (Arabic: حرب بني شيبان مع كسرى آنوشروان).^[4]

See also

• Fijar Wars
• Al-Nu'man III

Sources

• Book: Bosworth, C. E. . C. E. Bosworth . Iran and the Arabs Before Islam . 593–612 . The Cambridge History of Iran: The Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian periods (1) . 1983 . Cambridge University Press . Cambridge . https://books.google.com/books?id=hvx9jq_2L3EC&pg=PA593 . Ehsan . Yarshater . 978-0-521-200929.
• Book: Morony, Michael G.. Michael Morony. Iraq After The Muslim Conquest. 2005. 1984. Gorgias Press LLC. 978-1-59333-315-7.

Notes and References

1. Ahmad . Nawawi . Arab Unity and Disunity . 1976 . 2 . 10 May 2021 . University of Glasgow . Despite the small number of troops involved, the decisive victory of the Arabs is seen as the beginning of a new era, since it gave the Arab tribes a new confidence and enthusiasm.. https://web.archive.org/web/20200602231222/http://theses.gla.ac.uk/72280/1/10646097.pdf. 2020-06-02.
2. Web site: Landau-Tasseron. Ella. ḎŪ QĀR. ENCYCLOPÆDIA IRANICA. 8 January 2012.
3. Mackintosh-Smith, Tim. "ON THE EDGE OF GREATNESS THE DAYS OF THE ARABS" ARABS A 3,000-YEAR HISTORY of PEOPLES, TRIBES and EMPIRES . Yale University Press, 2019, pp.110.
4. Ḥarb Banī Shaybān maʻa Kisrá Ānūshirwān, ed. by Muḥammad Jāsim Ḥammādī Mashhadānī (Baghdad: s.n., 1988; first publ. Bombay 1887); Hamad Alajmi, 'Pre-Islamic Poetry and Speech Act Theory: Al-A`sha, Bishr ibn Abi Khazim, and al-Ḥujayjah' (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Indiana University, 2012), p. 163.