Auxilin Explained

Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DNAJC6 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

DNAJC6 belongs to the evolutionarily conserved DNAJ/HSP40 family of proteins, which regulate molecular chaperone activity by stimulating ATPase activity. DNAJ proteins may have up to 3 distinct domains: a conserved 70-amino acid J domain, usually at the N terminus, a glycine/phenylalanine (G/F)-rich region, and a cysteine-rich domain containing 4 motifs resembling a zinc-finger domain (Ohtsuka and Hata, 2000).^[3]

Structure

The protein tyrosine phosphatase domain and C2 domain pair of auxilin, located near the N-terminus of the polypeptide, constitute a superdomain, a tandem arrangement of two or more nominally unrelated domains that form a single heritable unit.^[4] The phosphatase domain belongs to the auxilin subfamily of lipid phosphatases and is predicted to be catalytically inactive.^{[5] [6]}

Further reading

• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S . Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions . Genome Research . 14 . 9 . 1711–8 . September 2004 . 15342556 . 515316 . 10.1101/gr.2435604 .
• Scheele U, Alves J, Frank R, Duwel M, Kalthoff C, Ungewickell E . Molecular and functional characterization of clathrin- and AP-2-binding determinants within a disordered domain of auxilin . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 28 . 25357–68 . July 2003 . 12732633 . 10.1074/jbc.M303738200 . free .
• Scheele U, Kalthoff C, Ungewickell E . Multiple interactions of auxilin 1 with clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 39 . 36131–8 . September 2001 . 11470803 . 10.1074/jbc.M106511200 . free .
• Ishikawa K, Nagase T, Nakajima D, Seki N, Ohira M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VIII. 78 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Research . 4 . 5 . 307–13 . October 1997 . 9455477 . 10.1093/dnares/4.5.307 . free .

Notes and References

1. Seki N, Ohira M, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Miyajima N, Nakajima D, Nomura N, Ohara O . Characterization of cDNA clones in size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain . DNA Research . 4 . 5 . 345–9 . October 1997 . 9455484 . 10.1093/dnares/4.5.345 . free .
2. Ohtsuka K, Hata M . Mammalian HSP40/DNAJ homologs: cloning of novel cDNAs and a proposal for their classification and nomenclature . Cell Stress & Chaperones . 5 . 2 . 98–112 . April 2000 . 10.1379/1466-1268(2000)005<0098:mhdhco>2.0.co;2 . 2024-03-12 . 11147971 . 312896 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: DNAJC6 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 6.
4. Haynie DT, Xue B . Superdomains in the protein structure hierarchy: The case of PTP-C2 . Protein Science . 24 . 5 . 874–82 . May 2015 . 25694109 . 4420535 . 10.1002/pro.2664 .
5. Web site: Phosphatase Subfamily Auxilin - PhosphataseWiki . phosphatome.net . en.
6. Chen MJ, Dixon JE, Manning G . Genomics and evolution of protein phosphatases . en . Science Signaling . 10 . 474 . eaag1796 . April 2017 . 28400531 . 10.1126/scisignal.aag1796 . 41041971 .