Automotive industry in Brazil explained

The Brazilian automotive industry is coordinated by the Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Anfavea), created in 1956, which includes automakers (cars, light vehicles, trucks, buses and agriculture machines) with factories in Brazil. Anfavea is part of the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles (OICA), based in Paris. In 2021, the annual production exceeded 2.2 million vehicles, the 8th largest in the world.[1]

Most large global automotive companies are present in Brazil, such as: BMW, BYD, Chery, Fiat, Ford, Geely, General Motors, Honda, Hyundai, JAC Motors, Kia, Land Rover, Lexus, Lifan, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi, Nissan Motors, Renault, Stellantis, Subaru, Toyota, Volkswagen, Volvo Trucks, among others, as well as national companies such as Agrale, Marcopolo, Randon, and more. In the past there were national brands such as DKW Vemag, FNM, Gurgel, and Troller. Some traditionally produced modern equipped replicas of older models.

History

The first Brazilian automotive industry was the work of Henry Ford, who started the Brazilian subsidiary of Ford Motor Company in 1919. In 1921 Ford opened its own production facility and was followed by General Motors in 1926. In 1928, Ford established the Fordlândia, an industrial district in the Amazon rainforest. The district is no longer in use but saw a populational growth compared to the early 2000s, when roughly 90 people lived in the town.[2]

In 1956, the Romi-Isetta, an early Brazilian car, was initially produced, with license purchase of Italian Iso. In 1958, Toyota started to produce its famous Bandeirante. In 1959, the first Volkswagen factory was built, it started manufacturing the Type 2, which preceded the famous Beetle. At the same time, a Brazilian entrepreneur, Mr. Sebastiao William Cardoso, started producing an electrical small jeep called Tupi.[3]

In the late 1950s, Chevrolet and Ford started manufacturing pickup trucks, and in the 1960s, automobiles and commercial vehicles, GM also brought buses. In 1967, Puma began selling sports cars.[4] [5] The Italian Fiat established its first factory in the 1970s, and Mercedes-Benz started to produce trucks and buses during the 1950s, and opened an automobile factory in 1998.[6] [7] These companies dominated the Brazilian market until mid-1990s, when the Brazilian market was finally opened to imports. In the 1990s, more auto companies settled and opened factories in Brazil.[8]

The automotive industry in Brazil sells to all over Latin America and the world. In the last few years, the Brazilian auto industry has grown quickly, attracting investments from the main global automakers. In 2007, production grew 14% compared to 2006 figures, reaching more than 4 million vehicles.[9]

In October 2012, the Inovar-Auto Program was approved by decree with the theoretical goals of encouraging automakers to produce more fuel-efficient vehicles and investing in the national automotive industry, by managing taxation exceptions (IPI = Tax over Industrialized Product). However, the program has received criticism, especially of protectionism. The country has recently lost a WTO dispute against tax advantages and illegal practices of protectionism.[10] The Inovar-Auto program ended in December 2017 and was replaced by the Route 2030 Program.[11]

Timeline

1910s

1930s

2020s

Historical production by year

YearQuantity< 0.5 0.5 – 1 millions1 – 2 millions2 – 3 millions3 – 4 millions
1950–  
1960133,000  
1970416,089  
19801,165,174  
1990914,466  
20001,681,517  
20052,530,840  
20062,611,034  
20072,970,818  
20083,220,475  
20093,182,617  
20103,381,728  
20113,406,150  
20123,402,508  
20133,712,380  
20143,364,890  
20152,429,463  
20162,157,379  
20172,699,672
20182,880,724
20192,944,962
20202.014.055 
20212,248,253  
20222,370,000  
20232,320,000  

Historical sales


Source : BSCB,[14] Fenabrave[15]

Year Models and Ranking Year
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
1977 Volkswagen Fusca Volkswagen Brasilia Volkswagen Passat Ford Corcel Chevrolet Chevette Fiat 147 not available 1977
1978 Volkswagen Fusca Volkswagen Brasilia Fiat 147 Volkswagen Passat Chevrolet Chevette Ford Corcel not available 1978
1979 Volkswagen Fusca Volkswagen Brasilia Fiat 147 Volkswagen Passat Chevrolet Chevette Ford Corcel not available 1979
1980–1987 not available
1988 Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Monza Ford Escort Chevrolet Chevette Fiat Uno Volkswagen Voyage Volkswagen Santana Volkswagen Parati Ford Del Rey Chevrolet Opala 1988
1989 Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Monza Ford Escort Fiat Uno Chevrolet Chevette Volkswagen Santana Volkswagen Parati Volkswagen Voyage Chevrolet Kadett Chevrolet D-20 1989
1990 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Monza Volkswagen Parati Chevrolet Kadett Volkswagen Voyage Ford Verona Ford Escort Chevrolet Chevette Volkswagen Santana 1990
1991 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Monza Ford Escort Chevrolet Kadett Ford Verona Volkswagen Parati Volkswagen Apollo Volkswagen Santana Chevrolet Chevette 1991
1992 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Monza Chevrolet Kadett Volkswagen Parati Ford Escort Chevrolet Chevette Volkswagen Santana Ford Verona Fiat Tempra 1992
1993 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Ford Escort Chevrolet Kadett Chevrolet Monza Volkswagen Logus Volkswagen Parati Chevrolet Chevette Fiat Tempra Volkswagen Santana 1993
1994 Fiat Uno Volkswagen Gol Ford Escort Fiat Tipo Chevrolet Corsa Chevrolet Monza Chevrolet Kadett Fiat Tempra Volkswagen Logus Volkswagen Parati 1994
1995 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Corsa Ford Escort Fiat Tipo Volkswagen Golf Fiat Tempra Chevrolet Kadett Volkswagen Santana Chevrolet Monza 1995
1996 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Corsa (Hatch) Fiat Palio Ford Escort Ford Fiesta Chevrolet Vectra Chevrolet Kadett Volkswagen Santana Fiat Tempra 1996
1997 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Chevrolet Corsa (Hatch) Fiat Uno Ford Fiesta Chevrolet Vectra Volkswagen Parati Ford Ka Volkswagen Kombi Fiat Palio Weekend 1997
1998 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Chevrolet Corsa Fiat Uno Chevrolet Vectra Ford Ka Ford Fiesta Ford Escort Volkswagen Parati Volkswagen Polo 1998[16]
1999 Volkswagen Gol not available 1999
2000 Volkswagen Gol not available 2000
2001 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Fiat Uno Chevrolet Celta Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Chevrolet Corsa (Hatch) Ford Fiesta Fiat Palio Weekend Fiat Siena Volkswagen Golf 2001
2002 Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Corsa Fiat Palio Chevrolet Celta Fiat Uno Ford Fiesta Renault Clio Peugeot 206 Chevrolet Astra Fiat Siena 2002
2003 Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Corsa Fiat Palio Chevrolet Celta Fiat Uno Ford Fiesta Renault Clio Fiat Siena Chevrolet Astra Toyota Corolla 2003
2004 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Chevrolet Corsa Chevrolet Celta Fiat Uno Ford Fiesta Volkswagen Fox Fiat Siena Chevrolet Astra Ford EcoSport 2004
2005 Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Corsa Fiat Palio Chevrolet Celta Fiat Uno Ford Fiesta Volkswagen Fox Ford EcoSport Fiat Siena Fiat Strada 2005
2006 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Chevrolet Celta Fiat Uno Volkswagen Fox/Cross Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Fiat Siena Ford Fiesta (Hatch) Ford EcoSport Fiat Strada 2006
2007 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Fiat Uno Volkswagen Fox/Cross Chevrolet Celta Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Fiat Siena Ford Fiesta (Hatch) Fiat Strada Chevrolet Prisma 2007
2008 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Fiat Uno Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Chevrolet Celta Volkswagen Fox/Cross Fiat Siena Fiat Strada Honda Civic Ford Ka 2008
2009 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Palio Fiat Uno Chevrolet Celta Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Volkswagen Fox/Cross Fiat Siena Fiat Strada Volkswagen Voyage Ford Ka 2009
2010 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Celta Volkswagen Fox/Cross Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Fiat Palio Fiat Siena Fiat Strada Ford Fiesta (Hatch) Ford Ka 2010
2011 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Chevrolet Celta Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Volkswagen Fox/Cross Fiat Strada Fiat Palio Fiat Siena Volkswagen Voyage Ford Fiesta (Hatch) 2011
2012 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Fiat Palio Volkswagen Fox/Cross Chevrolet Celta Fiat Strada Ford Fiesta (Hatch) Fiat Siena Chevrolet Corsa (Sedan) Renault Sandero 2012
2013 Volkswagen Gol Fiat Uno Fiat Palio Ford Fiesta (Hatch) Volkswagen Fox/Cross Fiat Siena Fiat Strada Chevrolet Onix Hyundai HB20 Renault Sandero 2013
2014 Fiat Palio Volkswagen Gol Fiat Strada Chevrolet Onix Fiat Uno Hyundai HB20 Ford Fiesta Fiat Siena Volkswagen Fox/Cross Renault Sandero 2014
2015 Chevrolet Onix Fiat Palio Hyundai HB20 Fiat Strada Ford Ka (Hatch) Volkswagen Gol Volkswagen Fox/Cross Fiat Uno Renault Sandero Chevrolet Prisma 2015
2016 Chevrolet Onix Hyundai HB20 Ford Ka (Hatch) Chevrolet Prisma Toyota Corolla Fiat Palio Renault Sandero Volkswagen Gol Fiat Strada Honda
HR-V 		2016[17]
2017 Chevrolet Onix Hyundai HB20 Ford Ka (Hatch) Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Prisma Renault Sandero Toyota Corolla Fiat Strada Fiat Mobi Fiat Toro 2017
2018 Chevrolet Onix Hyundai HB20 Ford Ka (Hatch) Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Prisma Volkswagen Polo Renault Kwid Fiat Strada Fiat Argo Jeep Compass 2018
2019 Chevrolet Onix Ford Ka (Hatch) Hyundai HB20 Renault Kwid Volkswagen Gol Fiat Argo Fiat Strada Chevrolet Prisma Volkswagen Polo Jeep Renegade 2019[18]
2020 Chevrolet Onix (Hatch) Ford Ka (Hatch) Hyundai HB20 Chevrolet Onix Plus Fiat Strada Volkswagen Gol Fiat Argo Volkswagen T-Cross Jeep Renegade Fiat Toro 2020[19]
2021 Fiat Strada Hyundai HB20 Fiat Argo Jeep Renegade Chevrolet Onix (Hatch) Jeep Compass Fiat Toro Volkswagen Gol Fiat Mobi Hyundai Creta 2021[20]
2022 Fiat Strada Hyundai HB20 Chevrolet Onix Chevrolet Onix Plus Fiat Mobi Volkswagen Gol Chevrolet Tracker Volkswagen T-Cross Fiat Argo Jeep Compass 2022[21] [22]
2023 Fiat Strada Volkswagen Polo<-- includes the replacement version of VW Gol;

see Volkswagen Polo#Polo Track for further information

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Polo#Polo_Track -->

Chevrolet Onix Hyundai HB20 Chevrolet Onix Plus Fiat Mobi Volkswagen T-Cross Fiat Argo Chevrolet Tracker Hyundai Creta 2023[23]
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
See also: Best-selling models in

Motor vehicle manufacturers

Current passenger automobiles

Motorcycle

Bus & truck

Tractors

Representative importers

Former local and foreign manufacturers

Educational institutions

Local manufacture encouraged

As of 2024, Brazil has a 35% tariff on imported combustion engine vehicles,[73] [74] [75] 18% on BEVs, 20% on PHEVs and 25% on HEVs.[76] [77] [78] [79]

Passenger vehicles currently offered, manufactured or imported in large scale

Agrale

Marruá

Audi

; Imported: A3, A4, A5, A6, A8, Q3/Q3 Sportback, Q5, Q7, Q8, RS, e-tron and e-tron GT

BMW

3 Series, X1, X3, X4, X5; Imported: 1 Series, 2 Series, 4 Series, 5 Series, 7 Series, X2, X6, X7, Z4 and iX

Chery

Tiggo 5x Pro, Tiggo 7 Pro, Tiggo 8; Imported: iCar, Arrizo 6 Pro and Tiggo 8 Pro Plug-in Hybrid

Chevrolet

Onix/Onix Plus, Montana, Spin, Tracker, S10, Trailblazer; Imported: Bolt, Camaro, Equinox and Silverado

Citroën

C3, C4 Cactus; Imported: Jumpy, e-Jumpy, Jumper

Fiat

Argo, Mobi, Pulse, Abarth Pulse, Strada, Toro, Fiorino, Fastback; Imported: Cronos, 500e, Scudo, e-Scudo and Ducato

Honda

City (Sedan and Hatchback), HR-V; Imported: Civic e:HEV (Sedan) and Accord[80]

Hyundai

Creta, HB20/HB20S; Imported: Kona Hybrid

Jeep

Commander, Compass, Renegade; Imported: Compass 4xe, Gladiator and Wrangler

Land Rover

Land Rover Discovery, Range Rover Evoque; Imported: Defender and Velar

Mitsubishi

L200 Triton, Eclipse Cross; Imported: Pajero Sport

Nissan

Kicks; Imported: Frontier, Leaf, Sentra and Versa

Peugeot

Partner Rapid; Imported: 208, e-208, 2008, e-2008, 3008, Expert, e-Expert and Boxer

Ram

Rampage; Imported: 1500, 1500 Classic and 2500

Renault

Duster, Kardian, Oroch, Logan, Kwid, Sandero, Master; Imported: Kangoo, Kwid E-Tech, Mégane E-Tech and Zoe

Toyota

Corolla, Corolla Cross, Yaris (Sedan and Hatchback); Imported: Hilux, SW4 and RAV4

Volkswagen

Nivus, Polo Track, Saveiro, T-Cross, Virtus; Imported: Amarok, Jetta GLI, Taos and Tiguan Allspace

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: História da Indústria Automotiva Brasileira . History of the Brazilian Automotive Industry . 8 February 2022 . Brazilian Association of Automotive Vehicle Manufacturers (ANFAVEA) . pt-br, en, es.
  2. Sydney A. Latini, A Implantação da Indústria Automobilística no Brasil, Editora Alaúde, 2007, p. 92
  3. https://amazonia.fiocruz.br/scdp/blog/purdue-owl-research-paper/the-automotive-industry-has-done-a-good.php Jeep called Tupi
  4. Web site: 30 September 2020. Puma GTE tinha chassi de Brasilia, mas caiu nas graças de pilotos da F1. 1 October 2021. Quatro Rodas. pt-BR.
  5. Web site: 19 April 2019. Puma Automóveis: A história que não teve fim!. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20201113232345/https://revistacarro.com.br/puma-automoveis-a-historia-que-nao-teve-fim/. 13 November 2020. 1 October 2021. Revista Carro. pt-BR.
  6. Web site: 2 February 2022. Mercedes-Benz Juiz de Fora. JOC.
  7. Web site: Primeiro ônibus. 2 February 2022. WebPoa. pt-BR.
  8. Web site: O caso complexo automotivo no Brasil de 1990 a 2002. 2 February 2022. UFSC. pt-BR.
  9. Web site: 24 January 2008. 2007 ficou na história do mercado automotivo nacional Automóveis, Notícias. 1 October 2021. Tribuna do Paraná. pt-br.
  10. Resaffa Nogueira Martins. Henrique. 2016. The Brazilian Inovar-Auto Program and the WTO Dispute. ResearchGate. 10.13140/RG.2.2.25878.14407.
  11. Web site: 25 June 2020. Rota 2030 - Mobilidade e Logística. 25 February 2022. Ministério da Economia. SECINT – SEPEC. pt-br.
  12. Web site: 30 October 2017. Primeiro museu sobre a imprensa automotiva é inaugurado em SP. 8 February 2022. O Globo. pt-BR.
  13. Web site: Primeiros anos (Anos 1910). 15 February 2022. Ford do Brasil. pt-BR.
  14. Web site: Matt Gasnier. Brazil: 1954–2019 Historical Data now available. bestsellingcarsblog.com. 19 April 2011 . 15 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201015081910/https://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2011/04/brazil-1954-2009-historical-data-now-updated-with-more-detail/. 15 October 2020 . live .
  15. Web site: Bem vindo ao Portal Fenabrave. live. 9 January 2022. Federação Nacional da Distribuição de Veículos Automotores – FENABRAVE. https://web.archive.org/web/20210923222007/http://www.fenabrave.org.br/portalv2/ . 23 September 2021 .
  16. Web site: The 15 best-selling cars in Brazil in 1998 . iCarros . 6 May 2020 . 17 May 2022 .
  17. Web site: Brazil best selling cars 2016. Chevrolet Onix is the star . www.focus2move.com . 29 January 2017 . 15 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201015083347/https://www.focus2move.com/brazil-best-selling-cars-2016/ . 15 October 2020 . live .
  18. Web site: Brazil 2019. Best selling cars ranking. The top 100 . www.focus2move.com . 5 January 2020 . 15 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201015083726/https://www.focus2move.com/brazil-best-selling-cars-2019/ . 15 October 2020 . live .
  19. Web site: Brazil 2020. Best selling cars ranking . www.focus2move.com . 5 February 2021 . 23 February 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210223115639/https://www.focus2move.com/brazil-best-selling-cars/ . 23 February 2021 . live .
  20. Web site: Informativo FENABRAVE Emplacamentos até Dezembro 2021. live. 9 January 2022. Fenabrave. 7. pt. https://web.archive.org/web/20220107061056/https://online.fliphtml5.com/ordey/jban/ . 7 January 2022 .
  21. Web site: 2023-01-05 . Veja quais foram os 50 carros mais vendidos do Brasil em 2022 . 2023-01-05 . Automotive Business . pt-br.
  22. Web site: De Fiat Strada a Jeep Compass: veja os 10 carros mais vendidos em 2022 . 2023-01-05 . UOL . pt-br.
  23. Web site: Veja os 50 carros mais vendidos do Brasil em 2023 . 2024-01-02 . 2024-01-15 . AutoEsporte . pt-br.
  24. Web site: Adventures Off Road.
  25. Web site: Fábrica.
  26. Web site: 4 January 2018. CAOA. 19 December 2021. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  27. Web site: Amazonas. 28 April 2014.
  28. Web site: 20 January 2021. ATHENA. 19 December 2021. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  29. Web site: 13 June 2014. Chamonix. 19 December 2021. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  30. Web site: 13 June 2014. CBT. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  31. Web site: 3 June 2014. BRASMOTOR. 19 December 2021. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  32. Web site: 13 June 2014. CBP.
  33. Web site: 11 July 2014. COYOTE (i). 19 December 2021. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  34. Web site: 11 July 2014. COYOTE II.
  35. Web site: 1 November 2014. DACON. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  36. Web site: 30 April 2021. Conheça a Dacon, autorizada VW dos anos 60 que importava carros da Porsche. 4 February 2022. Portal iG. pt-BR.
  37. Web site: 28 November 2014. Emis.
  38. Web site: 28 November 2014. ENGESA. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  39. Web site: 16 December 2014. FARUS. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  40. Web site: 25 March 2021. Ford Souza Ramos fecha as portas após 50 anos, relembre suas criações. 4 February 2022. Quatro Rodas. pt-BR.
  41. Web site: 31 January 2015. Gurgel. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  42. Web site: 30 May 2015. Presidente. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  43. Web site: 28 February 2015. IBV.
  44. Web site: 3 June 2014. Bugre.
  45. Web site: 28 February 2015. JPX. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  46. Web site: 28 February 2015. Karmann Ghia. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  47. Web site: 28 February 2015. Kasinski. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  48. Web site: 21 January 2022. Keers Wee.
  49. News: 27 January 2022. LHM. Lexicar Brasil .
  50. News: 13 June 2014. MP Lafer. Lexicar Brasil.
  51. Web site: 28 February 2015. Little CrocC.
  52. Web site: 13 June 2014. Matis.
  53. Web site: 31 March 2015. L'Automobile.
  54. Web site: Miúra.
  55. Web site: 21 January 2022. Mobilis.
  56. Web site: 3 June 2014. BRM.
  57. Web site: 28 February 2015. MUNDEO.
  58. Web site: May 2015. NBM.
  59. Web site: 1 May 2015. Obvio!. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  60. Web site: 28 February 2015. PINAR.
  61. Web site: 2016-12-07. Pinar. 2023-02-09. O Globo. pt-BR.
  62. Web site: 21 January 2022. PLASCAR.
  63. Web site: 30 May 2015. Puma. 5 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  64. Web site: 28 November 2014. EQUUS i.
  65. Web site: 31 July 2015. Santa Matilde. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  66. Web site: 28 February 2015. MMR & SEED.
  67. Web site: 31 July 2015. SIMCA. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  68. Web site: 31 July 2015. SR. 4 February 2022. Lexicar Brasil. pt-BR.
  69. Web site: November 2016 . TMC.
  70. Web site: Home. tarsomarques.com.
  71. Web site: 31 January 2015. EESC-USP.
  72. Web site: FEI. 16 December 2014.
  73. Web site: Classificação Fiscal de Mercadorias – NCM 87 . 2024-07-19 . . pt-br.
  74. Web site: WTO tariff data base . 2024-07-19 . World Trade Organization (WTO).
  75. Web site: 2023-07-06 . World Tariff Profiles 2023 . 2024-07-19 . World Trade Organization (WTO) . 63 . en . 10.30875/9789287074010 . 9789287074010.
  76. Web site: 2023-02-07 . Anfavea defende fim de imposto zero de importação para veículos elétricos . 2023-02-09 . CNN Brasil . pt-BR.
  77. Web site: Carros elétricos e híbridos voltam a pagar imposto de importação no Brasil . 2024-07-19 . InsideEVs Brasil . pt.
  78. Web site: 2024-01-11 . Carros elétricos e híbridos já estão mais caros com a volta do imposto . 2024-07-19 . AutoEsporte . pt-br.
  79. Web site: 2024-04-05 . Brazil imports of Chinese electric vehicles surge ahead of new tariff . 2024-07-19 . Reuters . en.
  80. Web site: 25 January 2022. Honda Accord híbrido sai de linha seis meses após lançamento, CR-V também não está sendo vendido. 26 January 2022. Auto Esporte. pt-br.

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