Acyl-homoserine-lactone synthase explained

Acyl-homoserine-lactone synthase
Ec Number:	2.3.1.184
Cas Number:	176023-66-8

Acyl-homoserine-lactone synthase is an enzyme with systematic name acyl-(acyl-carrier protein):S-adenosyl-L-methionine acyltranserase (lactone-forming, methylthioadenosine-releasing).^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]} This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

\rightleftharpoons [acyl-carrier protein] + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone

Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are produced by a number of bacterial species and are used by them to regulate the expression of virulence genes in a process known as quorum-sensing.

Alternate names

acyl-homoserine lactone synthase, acyl homoserine lactone synthase, acyl-homoserinelactone synthase, acylhomoserine lactone synthase, AHL synthase, AHS, AHSL synthase, AhyI, AinS, AinS protein, autoinducer synthase, autoinducer synthesis protein rhlI, EsaI, ExpISCC1, ExpISCC3065, LasI, LasR, LuxI, LuxI protein, LuxM, N-acyl homoserine lactone synthase, RhlI, YspI, acyl-[acyl carrier protein]:S-adenosyl-L-methionine acyltranserase (lactone-forming, methylthioadenosine-releasing)

Notes and References

1. Schaefer AL, Val DL, Hanzelka BL, Cronan JE, Greenberg EP . Generation of cell-to-cell signals in quorum sensing: acyl homoserine lactone synthase activity of a purified Vibrio fischeri LuxI protein . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 93 . 18 . 9505–9 . September 1996 . 8790360 . 38458 . 10.1073/pnas.93.18.9505 . free .
2. Watson WT, Murphy FV, Gould TA, Jambeck P, Val DL, Cronan JE, Beck von Bodman S, Churchill ME . Crystallization and rhenium MAD phasing of the acyl-homoserinelactone synthase EsaI . Acta Crystallographica D . 57 . Pt 12 . 1945–9 . December 2001 . 11717525 . 10.1107/s0907444901014512 .
3. Chakrabarti S, Sowdhamini R . Functional sites and evolutionary connections of acylhomoserine lactone synthases . Protein Engineering . 16 . 4 . 271–8 . April 2003 . 12736370 . 10.1093/proeng/gzg031 . free .
4. Hanzelka BL, Parsek MR, Val DL, Dunlap PV, Cronan JE, Greenberg EP . Acylhomoserine lactone synthase activity of the Vibrio fischeri AinS protein . Journal of Bacteriology . 181 . 18 . 5766–70 . September 1999 . 10.1128/JB.181.18.5766-5770.1999 . 10482519 . 94098 .
5. Parsek MR, Val DL, Hanzelka BL, Cronan JE, Greenberg EP . Acyl homoserine-lactone quorum-sensing signal generation . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 96 . 8 . 4360–5 . April 1999 . 10200267 . 16337 . 10.1073/pnas.96.8.4360 . free .
6. Ulrich RL . Quorum quenching: enzymatic disruption of N-acylhomoserine lactone-mediated bacterial communication in Burkholderia thailandensis . Applied and Environmental Microbiology . 70 . 10 . 6173–80 . October 2004 . 15466564 . 522112 . 10.1128/AEM.70.10.6173-6180.2004 .
7. Gould TA, Schweizer HP, Churchill ME . Structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa acyl-homoserinelactone synthase LasI . Molecular Microbiology . 53 . 4 . 1135–46 . August 2004 . 15306017 . 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04211.x . free .
8. Raychaudhuri A, Jerga A, Tipton PA . Chemical mechanism and substrate specificity of RhlI, an acylhomoserine lactone synthase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Biochemistry . 44 . 8 . 2974–81 . March 2005 . 15723540 . 10.1021/bi048005m .
9. Gould TA, Herman J, Krank J, Murphy RC, Churchill ME . Specificity of acyl-homoserine lactone synthases examined by mass spectrometry . Journal of Bacteriology . 188 . 2 . 773–83 . January 2006 . 16385066 . 1347284 . 10.1128/JB.188.2.773-783.2006 .