List of Roman Catholic archbishops of Toronto explained

Archbishopric:Toronto
Border:catholic
Coat:Coat of Arms of the Archdiocese of Toronto.jpg
Coat Caption:Coat of arms of the Archdiocese of Toronto
Coat Alt:Shield topped by a mitre, featuring a red and white diamond-shaped field charged with the spear and shaft of St. Michael impaling a dragon's head
Incumbent:Frank Leo
Incumbent Note:since February 11, 2023
Established:
  • 1841 (bishopric)
  • 1870 (archbishopric)
Cathedral:St. Michael's Cathedral Basilica
First Incumbent:
Archdiocese:Toronto

The archbishop of Toronto is the head of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto, responsible for looking after its spiritual and administrative needs. As the archdiocese is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province that encompasses Southern Ontario and part of Northwestern Ontario in Canada, the archbishop also administers the bishops who head the suffragan dioceses of Hamilton, London, Saint Catharines, and Thunder Bay.[1] The current archbishop is Frank Leo.

The archdiocese began as the Diocese of Toronto, which was created on December 17, 1841.[2] [3] Michael Power was appointed its first bishop, and under his reign the construction of St. Michael's Cathedral Basilica in Toronto commenced, with Power himself laying the cornerstone of the new church.[3] [4] On March 18, 1870, the diocese was elevated to the status of archdiocese by Pope Pius IX while the First Vatican Council was in session. John Joseph Lynch became the first archbishop of the newly-formed metropolitan see,[3] and received the pallium during his sojourn in Rome to attend the council.

Ten men have been Archbishop of Toronto; another two were the bishop of its predecessor diocese. Four archbishops – James McGuigan, Gerald Emmett Carter, Aloysius Ambrozic, and Thomas Christopher Collins – were elevated to the College of Cardinals.[5] Power, the first ordinary of the archdiocese, was also the first English-speaking bishop to be born in Canada.[6] Denis O'Connor, whose episcopacy spanned from 1899 to 1908, was the first archbishop born in Ontario.[7] When McGuigan was raised to cardinal in 1946, he became the first anglophone cardinal from Canada,[7] as well as the first cardinal from the archdiocese.[8] He also had the longest tenure as Archbishop of Toronto, serving for 36 years from 1934 to 1971, while Fergus McEvay held the position for three years (1908–1911), marking the shortest archiepiscopacy.[6]

List of ordinaries

Denotes archbishop who was elevated to the College of Cardinals
CMCongregation of the Mission
CSBCongregation of St. Basil
PSSSociety of the Priests of Saint Sulpice

Bishops of Toronto

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UntilIncumbentNotesRef(s)
18411847Appointed on December 17, 1841. First English-speaking bishop to be born in Canada. Died on October 1, 1847.[9]
18501860, Appointed on March 15, 1850. Resigned on April 29, 1860, and returned to France. Died on March 29, 1891.[10]
18601870, Coadjutor bishop from 1859 to 1860.[11]

Archbishops of Toronto

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UntilIncumbentNotesRef(s)
18701888, Became the first Archbishop of Toronto on March 18, 1870. Died on May 12, 1888.
18891898Appointed on August 13, 1889. Died on July 30, 1898.[12]
18991908, Appointed on January 7, 1899. Resigned on May 4, 1908. Died on June 30, 1911.[13]
19081911Appointed on April 13, 1908. Died on May 10, 1911.[14]
19121934Appointed on April 10, 1912. Died on May 25, 1934.[15]
19341971Appointed on December 22, 1934. Elevated to cardinal on February 18, 1946. Retired on March 30, 1971, after reaching the mandatory retirement age of 75. Died on April 8, 1974.[16]
19711978Coadjutor archbishop from 1961 to 1971. Resigned on April 27, 1978. Died on September 6, 1984[17]
19781990Appointed on April 27, 1978. Elevated to cardinal on June 30, 1979. Retired on March 17, 1990, after reaching the mandatory retirement age of 75. Died on April 6, 2003.[18] [19]
19902006Auxiliary bishop from 1976 to 1986. Coadjutor archbishop from 1986 to 1990. Elevated to cardinal on February 18, 1998. Retired on December 16, 2006, after reaching the mandatory retirement age of 75. Died on August 26, 2011.[20] [21]
20072023Appointed on December 16, 2006. Elevated to cardinal on February 18, 2012. Retired on February 11, 2023, after reaching the mandatory retirement age of 75.[22] [23]
2023presentAppointed on February 11, 2023.[24] [25]

References

General

Specific

Notes and References

  1. News: Proposal would increase power of archbishops in dealing with sex abuse. December 14, 2018. March 1, 2020. The Catholic Register. Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200301093206/https://www.catholicregister.org/home/international/item/28624-proposal-would-increase-power-of-archbishops-in-dealing-with-sex-abuse. March 1, 2020. Cardinal Archbishop Thomas Collins of the Archdiocese of Toronto heads an ecclesiastical province which includes the dioceses of St. Catharines, London, Hamilton and Thunder Bay..
  2. News: Solemn Mass for the 175th anniversary of the Archdiocese of Toronto. May 29, 2017. April 15, 2020. Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops. https://web.archive.org/web/20200416032046/http://www.cccb.ca/site/eng/media-room/announcements/4743-solemn-mass-for-the-175th-anniversary-of-the-archdiocese-of-toronto. April 16, 2020.
  3. Web site: Timeline. April 15, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200414125339/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/timeline. April 14, 2020.
  4. Encyclopedia: Choquette. Robert. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Power, Michael. April 15, 2020. 7. 1988. University of Toronto / Université Laval. https://web.archive.org/web/20200416040927/http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/power_michael_7E.html. April 16, 2020.
  5. News: Canadian cardinals: 1886–2012. January 6, 2012. March 1, 2020. CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
  6. News: From Bishops Power to Collins, 175 years of faithful leadership. May 25, 2017. March 11, 2020. The Catholic Register. Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200311110420/https://www.catholicregister.org/archtoronto175/item/25275-from-bishops-power-to-collins-175-years-faithful-leadership. March 11, 2020.
  7. News: Chief shepherds helped forge Catholic Toronto. February 5, 2007. March 11, 2020. The Catholic Register. Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200311112444/https://www.catholicregister.org/item/9238-chief-shepherds-helped-forge-catholic-toronto. March 11, 2020.
  8. Gerard. Warren. July 2, 1979. Newman. Peter C.. A prince of the church takes his pew. Maclean's. Toronto. 92. 27. 44. April 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200425041619/https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1979/7/2/a-prince-of-the-church-takes-his-pew. April 25, 2020. James Cardinal McGuigan was Toronto’s first cardinal..
  9. Web site: Most Reverend Michael Power. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303103432/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/power. March 3, 2020.
  10. Web site: Most Reverend Armand-François-Marie de Charbonnel, P.S.S.. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303103720/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/charbonnel. March 3, 2020.
  11. Web site: Most Reverend John Joseph Lynch, C.M.. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303104633/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/lynch. March 3, 2020.
  12. Web site: Most Reverend John Walsh. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200227191319/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/walsh. February 27, 2020.
  13. Web site: Most Reverend Denis O'Connor, C.S.B.. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303110018/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/oconnor. March 3, 2020.
  14. Web site: Most Reverend Fergus Patrick McEvay. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303112701/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/mcevay. March 3, 2020.
  15. Web site: Most Reverend Neil McNeil. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303113210/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/mcneil. March 3, 2020.
  16. Web site: His Eminence, James Charles Cardinal McGuigan. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303114733/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/mcguigan. March 3, 2020.
  17. Web site: Most Reverend Philip Francis Pocock. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303140921/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/pocock. March 3, 2020.
  18. Web site: His Eminence, Gerald Emmett Cardinal Carter. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303141717/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/carter. March 3, 2020.
  19. Web site: Carter Card. Gerald Emmett. March 10, 2020. Holy See Press Office. Holy See. https://web.archive.org/web/20200311030541/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_carter_ge.html. March 11, 2020.
  20. Web site: His Eminence, Aloysius Matthew Cardinal Ambrozic. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303142410/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/history/ambrozic. March 3, 2020.
  21. Web site: Ambrozic Card. Aloysius Matthew. March 10, 2020. Holy See Press Office. Holy See. https://web.archive.org/web/20200311030756/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ambrozic_am.html. March 11, 2020.
  22. Web site: His Eminence Thomas Cardinal Collins. March 3, 2020. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303143215/https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/bishops/cardinal-collins. March 3, 2020.
  23. Web site: Collins Card. Thomas Christopher. March 10, 2020. Holy See Press Office. Holy See. https://web.archive.org/web/20190817131732/http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_collins_tc.html. August 17, 2019.
  24. News: Pope Francis Appoints Bishop Frank Leo as Archbishop of Toronto. February 11, 2023. February 11, 2023. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto.
  25. News: Most Rev. Francis Leo installed as Toronto's new Archbishop. Liz. Braun. Toronto Sun. March 25, 2023. March 25, 2023.

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