Apigeninidin Explained

Apigeninidin (Also, apigenidin,^[1] or Gesneridin) is a chemical compound belonging to the 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and that can be found in the Patagonian plant Ephedra frustillata^[2] and in the soybean.^[3] Apigeninidin is one of the principal pigments found in sorghum.^[4] Extremely high level of apigeninidin (49 mg/g) has been documented in sorghum leaf sheath.^[5] Like all anthocyanidins it exists in a variety of tautomers depending on pH and hydration, several of these bare the distinctive pyrylium core.^[6]

Notes and References

1. Asahina. Yasuhiko. Inubuse. Mototaro. Über die Reduktion der Flavon- und Flavanon-Derivate (III. Mitteilung über die Flavanon-glucoside). Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft (A and B Series). 61. 8. 1928. 1646–1650. 0365-9488. 10.1002/cber.19280610810.
2. Gurni. Alberto A.. Wagner. Marcelo L.. Apigeninidin as a leucoderivative in Ephedra frustillata. Phytochemistry. 21. 9. 1982. 2428–2429. 0031-9422. 10.1016/0031-9422(82)85229-1. 1982PChem..21.2428G .
3. Boveris. AD. Galatro. A. Sambrotta. L. Ricco. R. Gurni. AA. Puntarulo. S. Antioxidant capacity of a 3-deoxyanthocyanidin from soybean.. Phytochemistry. December 2001. 58. 7. 1097–105. 11730874. 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00378-8. 2001PChem..58.1097B .
4. Awika. Joseph M.. Rooney. Lloyd W.. Waniska. Ralph D.. Properties of 3-Deoxyanthocyanins from Sorghum. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 52. 14. 2004. 4388–4394. 0021-8561. 10.1021/jf049653f. 15237941.
5. Geera. Bhimalingeswarappa. Ojwang. Leonnard O.. Awika. Joseph M.. New Highly Stable Dimeric 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Pigments from Sorghum bicolor Leaf Sheath. Journal of Food Science. 77. 5. 2012. C566–C572. 0022-1147. 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02668.x. 22489620.
6. Costantino. Luca. Rastelli. Giulio. Rossi. Maria C.. Albasini. Albano. Quantitative measurement of proton dissociation and tautomeric constants of apigeninidin. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2. 1995. 2. 227. 10.1039/P29950000227.