Aespa Explained
Aespa |
Landscape: | yes |
Origin: | Seoul, South Korea |
Years Active: | –present |
Current Member Of: | SM Town |
Current Members: |
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Aespa (;, commonly stylized in all lowercase or æspa) is a South Korean girl group formed by SM Entertainment. The group consists of four members: Karina, Giselle, Winter, and Ningning. The group is known for popularizing the metaverse concept and hyperpop music in K-pop.[1] [2] [3]
Aespa debuted on November 17, 2020, with the single "Black Mamba", which achieved the highest number of views in 24 hours for a K-pop group's debut video. Their second single, "Next Level", was released in May 2021 to widespread commercial and critical success, peaking at number two on the Circle Digital Chart and earning the Daesang for Song of the Year at the 19th Korean Music Awards. In October of the same year, Aespa released their first extended play (EP) Savage and its lead single of the same name. The EP became the highest-charting debut album by a K-pop girl group on the US Billboard 200 chart at number 20, while the latter peaked at number two in South Korea and marked their first top-40 entry on the Billboard Global 200.
In July 2022, Aespa released their second EP Girls, which broke the record for the best-selling album by a K-pop girl group in history and became the first to sell one million copies in the first week of release. It also debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 chart, marking their first top-ten album in the US. Their third EP, My World was released in May 2023, achieving over two million sales and becoming their second top-ten album on the Billboard 200. In May 2024, the group released their first studio album, titled Armageddon. It was preceded by the commercially successful lead single "Supernova", which became the group's first number-one song on the Circle Digital Chart and their first top-ten hit on the Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart.
Name
The group's name, Aespa, combines the English initials for "avatar" and "experience" (Avatar X Experience) with the English word "aspect", meaning "two sides", to symbolize the idea of "meeting another self and experiencing the new world".[4]
Career
2016–2019: Pre-debut activities
Ningning was introduced as a member of pre-debut training team SM Rookies on September 19, 2016. As part of the team, she appeared on the Rookies Princess: Who's the Best? segment of the program My SMT that year and recorded several covers for the Korean animated TV program Shining Star in 2017.[5]
Karina appeared in labelmate Taemin's music video for the song "Want" in February 2019 and performed with him on several music programs in the following weeks.[6] Karina also appeared alongside labelmate Kai for a performance in Hyundai and SM Entertainment's collaboration virtual showcase — The All-New Tucson, Beyond DRIVE.[7]
Aespa's logo was also teased at the end of SuperM's "One (Monster & Infinity)" music video.[8]
2020–2021: Introduction, debut, "Next Level", and Savage
On October 26, 2020, SM Entertainment announced that it would debut a new girl group, its first since Red Velvet in 2014 and its first overall idol group since NCT in 2016.[9] [10] The group's name and members were revealed individually starting on October 27 (in order: Winter, Karina, Ningning, and Giselle).[11] SM Entertainment founder Lee Soo-man explained the group's concept at the 2020 World Cultural Industry Forum on October 28.[12] A video trailer featuring all four members was revealed on November 2,[13] alongside the announcement of the release of Aespa's debut single, "Black Mamba", on November 17.[14] Upon release, the song's music video achieved the highest number of views for a K-pop group's debut video in 24 hours, with 21.4 million views.[15] The group made their broadcast debut on KBS2's Music Bank on November 20 to perform "Black Mamba",[16] and earned their first music show win on SBS's Inkigayo on January 17, 2021.[17]
On January 29, 2021, SM Entertainment announced Aespa would release a remake of "Forever", the single originally by Yoo Young-jin for SM Entertainment's 2000 holiday album Winter Vacation in SMTOWN.com.[18] Aespa's version of the song, a "mid-tempo ballad characterized by acoustic guitar sound" with "warm lyrics about promising forever to a loved one",[19] was released on February 5.[20]
On May 4, SM Entertainment announced Aespa would release a new single titled "Next Level", a dance and hip-hop track with a "groovy" rap, "energetic" bass, and "powerful vocals".[21] [22] It was released on May 17.[23] It debuted at number nine on the Gaon Digital Chart and peaked at number two, becoming their first top five hit in South Korea.[24] It also peaked at number two on the Billboard K-pop Hot 100 chart.[25] "Next Level" became Aespa's third song to chart on the Billboard World Digital Song Sales chart, peaking at number three.[26] On July 22, it was announced that Aespa had signed with Creative Artists Agency for their future activities in the United States.[27] [28] On September 10, it was announced that remix versions of "Next Level" will be released on September 14, along with a music video and a visualizer video for "Next Level (IMLAY Remix)".[29]
On September 14, SM Entertainment announced Aespa would release their first extended play, Savage. The extended play contains six tracks, including the lead single of the same name.[30] It was released on October 5 to critical acclaim and commercial success, with media outlets praising "Savage" for its "addictive" hooks, refrains, and "masterfully layered" production.[31] [32] The song was included in multiple year-end lists such as NME and Time magazine's top 10 best K-pop songs of 2021, calling "Savage" an "explosive" track.[33] [34] Commercially, the song peaked at number two on the Gaon Digital Chart and became their second top-five single in South Korea.[35] On October 15, ten days after release, at 1:30 p.m. KST, Instiz's iChart, announced Aespa's first perfect all-kill, as "Savage" had reached number one on the real-time, daily, and weekly components of the domestic charts — iChart, Melon, Genie, FLO, Bugs!, and Vibe — becoming the first "fourth generation" K-pop act to do so.[36] The song won eight music show awards including three non-consecutive wins on Inkigayo that led to receiving the "triple crown" award. Savage debuted atop the Gaon Album Chart and also marked Aespa's first entry on the US Billboard 200 at number 20, making Aespa the highest charting K-pop rookie girl group to appear on the latter chart.[37] [38] Savage has sold a total of 788,959 copies and held the record for the highest-selling debut album by an SM Entertainment act, until it was surpassed by NCT DoJaeJung's Perfume in May 2023.[39] [40]
On October 13, Aespa was included in People magazine's Ones to Watch 2021 list as a "Rising Star".[41] On November 25, the group performed on a float, celebrating women in STEM, at the 95th Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, making them the first Korean girl group to perform at the parade.[42] On December 2, they won their first Daesang (Stage of the Year) at the Asia Artist Awards.[43] Two days later, on December 4, the group won their second Daesang (Record of the Year) at the 2021 Melon Music Awards.[44] On November 4, it was announced that Aespa would be releasing a remake of S.E.S.'s "Dreams Come True" on December 20 for SM's Remastering Project and as the lead single of the SM Town album, .[45] The music video for the song was directed by Lucid Colour and choreographed and visually directed by BoA.[46] The song peaked at number eight on the Gaon Digital Chart and at number seven on the Billboard World Digital Songs chart.[47] [48]
On December 26, Karina and Winter were revealed as members of the supergroup Got the Beat.[49] The supergroup debuted with the single "Step Back" on January 3, 2022.[50]
2022: Coachella, international expansion, and Girls
On January 8, 2022, Aespa became the inaugural winner of the Artist of the Year award at the 36th Golden Disc Awards.[51] On March 1, they won the Song of the Year award for "Next Level" at the 19th Korean Music Awards.[52] On April 19, it was announced that Aespa would be performing at Coachella on April 23, becoming the third K-pop girl group to perform at the festival. They performed as part of 88rising's Head in the Clouds Forever set for the second week. Their setlist included "Savage", "Next Level", "Black Mamba", and an English version of a then-unreleased song titled "Life's Too Short", which was revealed to be from their then-upcoming EP.[53] [54] On May 12, the group was included in Time magazine's Next Generation Leaders list. The magazine noted Aespa as an "experimental but essential player in the music industry, acting as a bridge between the reality and virtual".[55] [56] [57] In the same month, Winter and Ningning contributed to the soundtrack of the TvN drama Our Blues with the single "Once Again". The single officially released on May 22.[58] On May 27, the group was included on Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia list.[59]
On June 1, SM Entertainment announced that Aespa had signed with Warner Records. They also announced that Aespa would release their second extended play, Girls, on July 8. The extended play contains nine tracks, including the lead single of the same name, their first two singles, "Black Mamba" and "Forever," and "Dreams Come True," which they previously released as part of the album in December 2021. Two other tracks on Girls, "Illusion" and the English version of "Life's Too Short", preceded the EP and were released on June 1 and 24, respectively.[60] [61] Pre-orders for Girls exceeded 1,610,000 copies prior to its release, the highest figure for a girl group album in K-pop at the time.[62] Upon release, the album became the first by a girl group to sell more than one million copies in one week on the Hanteo Chart, exceeding the mark set by Blackpink's The Album in October 2020.[63] It went on to debut at number one on the Circle Album Chart with 1,426,487 copies sold, leading to their first Million certification by the Korea Music Content Association.[64] It also topped the monthly Circle Album Chart for July with 1,645,255 copies sold, which marked the largest monthly and total album sales by any K-pop girl group album in history;[65] the record was broken in September by Blackpink's album Born Pink.[66] On the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, Girls debuted at number three with 56,000 album-equivalent units, 53,000 pure album sales, becoming the top-selling album of the week.[67]
SM Entertainment also announced the group's first Japanese showcase, titled: aespa Japan Premium Showcase 2022 ~SYNK~, which was held on August 6 and 7 at the Pia Arena MM in Yokohama.[68] On June 7, it was announced that Aespa would be holding their second showcase, their first in the United States, titled: aespa Showcase SYNK in LA! on June 26 at the YouTube Theater.[69] On June 14, an additional show was announced, for June 27, after the tickets for June 26 sold out.[70] The group was also named the Apple Music: Up Next artist for June.[71]
On July 5, Aespa delivered a speech and performed at the UN High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development.[72] On July 8, Aespa performed at Good Morning America's Summer Concert Series in Central Park, which featured the first performance of "Girls".[73] On October 23, Aespa performed virtually for Crocs to celebrate their 20th Anniversary on the video game Roblox.[74] It drew the second-highest attendance at a one-time Roblox concert, with 2.5 million visits. The show also drove over 2.3 million recorded visits to the Crocs World in Roblox.[75] On December 14, the group released a collaborative single, "Beautiful Christmas", with labelmates Red Velvet for SM Town's album, .[76]
On December 28, Aespa released the first episode of their first reality show, aespa's Synk Road, which documented their trip to Pyeongchang in the Gangwon Province. Throughout the show, the members were tasked to find hidden 'ae-key' cards, won from various missions and games, in order to 'complete' the eponymous Synk Road.[77] The show was made available on the streaming platforms Wavve and Kocowa and spanned 12 episodes, concluding on February 2, 2023, with a second season announced on the final episode.
2023: First concert tour, My World and Drama
On February 25 and 26, they held their first concert,, at the Jamsil Arena in Seoul, South Korea.[78] On March 7, the group was announced as a performer at the Outside Lands Music and Arts Festival in San Francisco, California, on August 11, making them the first K-pop group to perform at the festival.[79] From March to April, Aespa continued their Synk: Hyper Line concert tour in Japan, garnering a total of 110,000 spectators from 10 sold-out shows across Osaka, Tokyo, Saitama, and Aichi.[80] During their concert at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, it was announced that the group would return on August 5 and 6 for a two-day special concert at the Tokyo Dome, making them the fastest K-pop artist and the first "fourth generation" K-pop act to hold a solo concert at the stadium.[81] [82]
On March 29, SM Entertainment announced that Aespa would release a new single titled "Hold on Tight", an "addictive" techno-genre track that sampled the melody of the iconic Tetris theme song, "Korobeiniki", for the soundtrack of the Apple Original Film Tetris. The single officially released on March 31.[83]
On May 8, Aespa released their third extended play My World. The extended play contains six tracks, with the single "Welcome to My World" pre-released on May 2 and the lead single "Spicy" released alongside the EP. My World debuted at number one on the Circle Album Chart with 1,420,178 copies sold.[84] Two weeks after its release, the album became "a double million-seller" selling 2,011,388 copies and became the second album by a female Korean act to sell over two million copies.[85] The album was then certified 2× Million by the Korea Music Content Association on July 6.[86] On the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, My World debuted at number nine with 40,000 album-equivalent units, 1.33 million on-demand streams and 39,000 pure album sales, becoming their second top 10 entry.[87]
On May 10, SM Entertainment announced that Aespa's Synk: Hyper Line tour would continue with a show in Jakarta, Indonesia on June 24.[88] On May 19, an additional 14 shows were announced, extending the tour to North America, South America, and Europe.[89]
On May 23, Aespa attended the 2023 Cannes Film Festival as ambassadors for the Swiss jewelry brand Chopard. They attended Chopard's Annual Dinner and Love Party which showcased Chopard's co-president and artistic director Caroline Scheufele's first Haute couture collection.[90] The next day, Aespa attended the red carpet for the screening of La Passion de Dodin Bouffant and showcased the brand's new jewelry collection, Red Carpet Collection.[91] [92] On June 8, Aespa threw the first pitch for the New York Yankees against the Chicago White Sox at the Yankee Stadium.[93]
On June 10, Aespa performed at the annual Governors Ball Music Festival in New York City, making them the first K-pop act to perform at the festival. Giselle was unable to perform with the group due to health issues.[94] The group's set was well received by both fans and critics alike, with Simon Vozick-Levinson of Rolling Stone calling the show a "spectacle" and Starr Bowenbank of Billboard noting that Aespa's "stage presence and catalog has the strength to carry the main stage at a music festival".[95] [96]
On July 27, Aespa began teasing their English digital single "Better Things", a "minimal up-tempo dance" song, which was released on August 18. Promotions included a 3 episode long web series sitcom show, Better Things, with the first episode uploaded on August 7.[97] Ningning only appeared in limited parts of the sitcom, due to her health conditions at the time of filming. Aespa first performed the single on August 13, at the Crypto.com Arena in Los Angeles, for the first show in the US leg of their Synk: Hyper Line tour.[98]
On July 30, Ningning released the signle "WYA" with Jay Park. The song was a surprise collaboration for the WeTV show The Next 2023, where Jay Park appeared as a regular mentor.[99] A remix of the single was subsequently released on August 13, featuring PH-1, Lexie Liu, ØZI, and Masiwei.
On August 23, Aespa released the single "We Go". The single served as the inaugural opening theme song for the Korean edition of the Pokémon: Liko and Roy's Departure anime, which began airing on the same day. The single contains lyrics about the new protagonists, Liko and Roy, discovering 'precious' things and growing through adventure.[100]
On October 6, Aespa released the single "Zoom Zoom", which was served as the ending theme song for Beyblade X anime.[101] On October 10, Aespa announced they would be releasing their fourth extended play Drama on November 10. The extended play contains six tracks, including the lead single of the same name.[102]
On November 11, it was confirmed that Winter would be part of a special collaboration single "Nobody" with (G)I-dle's Soyeon and Ive's Liz, which was released on November 16.[103]
2024–present: Second concert tour, Armageddon and "Hot Mess"
On January 9, 2024, SM announced that Aespa would be releasing a remake of "Regret of the Times", a single originally by Seo Taiji and Boys. The remake was released on January 15.[104] On February 19, it was announced that Aespa would be embarking on their second world tour,, kicking off in Seoul on June 29 and 30.[105]
On April 21, it was announced that Aespa would be releasing their first studio album Armageddon on May 27. The album is led by two title tracks "Supernova", which was pre-released on May 13, and "Armageddon", which was released together with the entire album.[106] "Supernova" was a commercial success in South Korea and achieved perfect all-kill status, as it simultaneously reached number one on the real-time, daily, and weekly components of iChart.[107] It became the group's first song to top the Circle Digital Chart,[108] and their first top-ten hit on the Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart, peaking at number six.[109]
On June 3, it was announced that Aespa will release their first Japanese single "Hot Mess" on July 3. The single marks the group's Japanese debut and will include two other songs "Sun and Moon" and "Zoom Zoom", the latter previously released on October 6, 2023, as the ending theme song to the anime series and franchise Beyblade X.[110]
Endorsements
On February 10, 2021, Aespa became ambassador for Givenchy, the first K-pop artist chosen as such by the French fashion house.[111] Later that year in August, Aespa inked endorsement deals with Korean cosmetics brand Clio,[112] Korean skincare brand Mediheal,[113] French sportswear brand Eider,[114] and in September for KB Kookmin Bank.[115] On November 23, Aespa was selected as muse for Italian fragrance brand Acqua di Parma.[116]
On April 8, 2022, Aespa became the model for Korean beverage brand Lotte Chilsung's Tamz Zero.[117] In August, Aespa became the global ambassador for the Korean sportswear brand MLB.[118] On September 1, Aespa became the global ambassador for Swiss watch and jewelry brand Chopard.[119] In December, Aespa became promotional models for mobile game Epic Seven[120] and duty-free store Lotte Duty Free.
Members
Discography
See main article: Aespa discography and List of songs recorded by Aespa.
Filmography
Web shows
Videography
Music videos
Other videos
DVD & Blu-ray (BD)
Tours and concerts
Headlining tours
Showcase
Concert participation
Other selected performance
Awards and nominations
See main article: List of awards and nominations received by Aespa.
See also
Notes and References
- Web site: Aespa: Representatives of the Metaverse Era. L'Officiel Singapore. en. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090821/https://www.lofficielsingapore.com/culture/aespa-korean-kpop-group-metaverse. live.
- How K-Pop Group aespa Is Making the Metaverse Their Home. Time. en. May 11, 2022. May 13, 2023. July 24, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220724015652/https://time.com/collection/next-generation-leaders/6174945/aespa-2/. live.
- News: Blackpink, Aespa, NewJeans: The Evolution of K-Pop Girl Groups. The New York Times. en-US. January 26, 2023. May 13, 2023. 0362-4331. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090819/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/26/arts/music/popcast-k-pop-girl-groups.html. live.
- Web site: SM Entertainment's new girl group to debut on Nov. 17. Yonhap News Agency. Lee Min-ji. November 2, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160127/https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20201102000800315. live.
- Web site: SM루키즈, 중국 출신 새 멤버 2인 공개 '기대'. SM Rookies unveils two new Chinese members 'Expectation'. TV Daily. ko. Lee Yoo-min. September 20, 2016. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160359/http://tvdaily.asiae.co.kr/read.php3?aid=14743370121160542010. live.
- Web site: 'SM 신인' 에스파, 카리나 아바타 티저 공개 ... 점까지 유지민 판박이. 'SM Rookie' Aespa, Karina Avatar Teaser Revealed ... Yoo Ji-min to the point. Naver. The Korea Economic Daily. ko. Kim Soo-young. November 11, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160615/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=015&aid=0004447628. live.
- Web site: Hyundai and SM Entertainment Present 'The All-New Tucson, Beyond DRIVE' Innovative Virtual Showcase for Hot New SUV. HYUNDAI MOTORS. en. June 15, 2023. January 26, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230126230305/https://www.hyundai.com/worldwide/en/company/newsroom/hyundai-and-sm-entertainment-present-%25E2%2580%2598the-all-new-tucson%252C-beyond-drive%25E2%2580%2599-innovative-virtual-showcase-for-hot-new-suv-0000016561. live.
- Web site: SM Entertainment announces new girl group, "aespa". GMA Network. en. Garcia. Cara Emmeline. October 26, 2020. June 15, 2023. June 16, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230616040206/https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/showbiznews/news/70360/sm-entertainment-announces-new-girl-group-aespa/story. live.
- Web site: SM 새 걸그룹 '에스파' 내달 데뷔 ... 레드벨벳 이후 6년만. SM's new girl group 'Aespa' debuts next month ... 6 years since Red Velvet. Naver. Yonhap News Agency. ko. Oh Bo-ram. October 24, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160615/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=001&aid=0011969432. live.
- Web site: [공식]SM 신인 걸그룹 '에스파' 11월 데뷔 ... NCT 이후 4년만의 신인 출격]. [Official] SM rookie girl group 'AESPA' debuts in November ... The first rookie scramble since NCT in 4 years. Naver. Sports Chosun. ko. Jeong Yoo-na. October 26, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160713/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=076&aid=0003648433. live.
- Web site: 유지민, SM 신인 걸그룹 '에스파' 멤버 카리나로 데뷔. Yoo Ji-min debuts as Karina, member of SM new girl group 'AESPA'. Naver. No Cut News. ko. Kim Soo-jeong. October 28, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160616/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=079&aid=0003424459. live.
- Web site: Soo-Man Lee, chairman of SM ENTERTAINMENT GROUP, delivered a speech at the 1st World Cultural Industry Forum as a representative of the Korean cultural community!. SM Entertainment. October 28, 2020. November 16, 2020. November 17, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201117145707/https://www.smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/5084. live.
- aespa 에스파 – SYNK, æspa. YouTube. SM Entertainment. Online video. November 1, 2020. November 16, 2020. November 18, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201118035911/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PQnizkqhnk. live.
- Web site: SM 신인 걸그룹 에스파, 17일 데뷔 확정 ... 독특 세계관. SM's new girl group Aespa, debut on the 17th ... Unique worldview. Naver. News1. ko. Hwang Mi-hyun. November 2, 2020. November 5, 2020. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160654/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=421&aid=0004964060. live.
- K-Pop Star to Watch: aespa. Billboard. en-US. Kim. Regina. April 24, 2023. June 10, 2023. June 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610215837/https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/aespa-kpop-star-profile-1235310040/. live.
- Web site: aespa's "Black Mamba" stage to air for the first time on "Music Bank" on 11/20!. SM Entertainment. November 16, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160616/https://www.smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/5182. live.
- Web site: '인기가요' SM 에스파, 출연없이 1위 ... (여자)아이들·트레저·유빈 컴백(종합). 'Inkigayo' SM Aespa, No. 1 without appearing ... (G)Idle, Treasure, and Yubin comeback (total). Naver. Newsen. ko. Hwang Hye-jin. January 17, 2021. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160617/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&aid=0000387650. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 2월 5일 싱글 'Forever' 깜짝 발매 ... 유영진 곡 리메이크. Aespa, surprise release of single 'Forever' on February 5th ... Yoo Young-jin's song remake". Naver. Newsen. Hwang Jin-hye. January 29, 2021. January 29, 2021. January 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210129033644/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&aid=0000393536. live.
- Web site: 에스파 신곡 'Forever' 음원·MV 오늘(5일) 공개 ... 따뜻 겨울 감성. Aespa's new song 'Forever' sound source/MV released today (5th) ... Warm winter emotion. Naver. Herald POP. ko. Park Seo-hyun. February 5, 2021. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160618/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&aid=0003396780. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 오늘(5일) 겨울 감성 담은 'Forever' 공개. Aespa, today (5th) unveiled 'Forever' containing winter emotion. Naver. Seoul Economy Daily. ko. Cho Seung-hyun. February 5, 2021. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160617/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&aid=0003867699. live.
- Web site: [단독] 에스파, 5월 컴백 ... 메타버스 세계관 기대]. [Exclusive] Aespa, expects to comeback in May ... virtual reality worldview expectations. Naver. Ilgan Sports. ko. Hwang Ji-young. May 4, 2021. May 4, 2021. May 4, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210504064358/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=241&aid=0003113764. live.
- Web site: aespa's new song 'Next Level', a hip-hop dance song with a worldview story!. SM Entertainment. May 11, 2021. May 11, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210511095142/https://www.smentertainment.com/PressCenter/Details/6861. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 5월 17일 컴백 확정 .. 신곡 '넥스트 레벨' 발표[공식]]. Aespa, May 17 comeback confirmed .. New song 'Next Level' released [Official]. Naver. Osen. ko. Seon Mi-kyung. May 6, 2021. August 30, 2021. May 11, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210511031128/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004400598. live.
- Web site: Next Level. Gaon Music Chart. May 23–29, 2021. December 1, 2021. June 3, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210603023008/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=ALL&targetTime=22&hitYear=2021&termGbn=week. live.
- Billboard K-Pop 100. Billboard. en-US. Cabral. R. J.. June 26, 2021. May 13, 2023. December 23, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211223125318/https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-korea-100/. live.
- News: Aespa Enters 3 Billboard Tallies with New Song. The Korea Herald. Hwang. You-mee. May 26, 2021. December 1, 2021. May 26, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210526123537/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210526000981.
- Web site: 에스파, 美 최대 에이전시 CAA와 계약 ... 글로벌 슈퍼루키[공식]]. Aespa signed With CAA, America's Largest Agency ... Global Super Rookie [Official]. Naver. Herald POP. ko. Kim Ji-hye. July 23, 2021. July 24, 2021. July 24, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210724092118/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&aid=0003458962. live.
- Web site: K-pop group Aespa sign with Hollywood talent agency CAA, joining NCT 127 and SuperM, fellow SM Entertainment acts. South China Morning Post. Tamar Herman. July 23, 2021. July 24, 2021. July 24, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210724092140/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/k-pop/bands/article/3142235/k-pop-group-aespa-signs-hollywood-talent-agency-caa-joining?module=perpetual_scroll&pgtype=article&campaign=3142235. live.
- News: ko:'iScreaM' 프로젝트, 에스파 'Next Level' 리믹스 싱글 14일 공개. 'iScreaM' Project, Aespa 'Next Level' Remix Single will be Released on the 14th. StarNews. ko. Lee. Deok-haeng. September 10, 2021. December 1, 2021. September 28, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210928050705/https://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2021091010014579094. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 첫 미니앨범 'Savage' 10월 5일 발매..6곡 수록[공식]]. Aespa, First Mini Album 'Savage' Released on October 5th, 6 Songs Included [Official]. Naver. MT Star News. ko. Moon Wan-sik. September 14, 2021. September 14, 2021. September 14, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210914002219/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/108/0002988523. live.
- Web site: "쯧쯧쯧쯧" 광야 진출한 에스파, 블랙맘바 짓밟는 'Savage'[들어보고서]]. Aespa, who has advanced into the wilderness, 'Savage' trampling on black mamba [heard of]. Naver. Newsen. ko. Hwang Hye-jin. October 5, 2021. October 5, 2021. October 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211005090719/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=609&aid=0000495392. live.
- Web site: aespa – 'Savage' review: K-pop power rookies stake their claim for greatness with future-facing cyberpunk. NME. en-AU. Chin. Carmen. October 7, 2021. June 15, 2023. October 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211007164206/https://www.nme.com/en_au/reviews/album/aespa-savage-review-3064974. live.
- Web site: The 25 best K-pop songs of 2021. NME. en. NME. December 20, 2021. June 15, 2023. December 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211220091538/https://www.nme.com/features/music-features/nme-best-kpop-songs-of-the-year-2021-3122366. live.
- The Best K-Pop Songs and Albums of 2021. Time. en. December 8, 2021. June 15, 2023. December 9, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211209004839/https://time.com/6126709/best-kpop-2021/. live.
- Web site: ko:2021년 42주차 Digital Chart. 2021, Week 42 Digital Chart. Gaon Music Chart. ko. October 10–16, 2021. October 21, 2021. October 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211021022834/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=ALL&targetTime=42&hitYear=2021&termGbn=week. live.
- Web site: [정보/소식] 에스파, 'Savage'로 음원‧음반 차트 올킬...이번 주 음악방송 출격]. 인스티즈(instiz). ko. October 13, 2021. June 10, 2023. June 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610215839/https://www.instiz.net/name_enter/81551489. live.
- Web site: aespa sell half a million copies of first mini-album 'Savage'. NME. en. Carmen. Chin. October 21, 2021. October 27, 2021. October 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211027210413/https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/aespa-sell-half-a-million-copies-of-first-mini-album-savage-3075883. live.
- Web site: Aespa Joins Blackpink, Itzy And Twice With Their First Hit Album On The Billboard 200. Forbes. en. Hugh Mclntyre. October 19, 2021. December 1, 2021. October 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211027210845/https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2021/10/19/aespa-joins-blackpink-itzy-and-twice-with-their-first-hit-album-on-the-billboard-200/?sh=434278f436ef. live.
- Web site: 에스파 '새비지', 하프 밀리언셀러 등극. Aespa's 'Savage' becomes a half-million seller. Naver. Sports Kyunghyang. ko. October 21, 2021. December 1, 2021. October 24, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211024043707/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=144&aid=0000768642. live.
- Cumulative sales of Savage on Circle Chart:
- Web site: 2021 Album Chart. Circle Chart. ko. February 20, 2022. January 7, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220107022158/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/album.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=&termGbn=year&hitYear=2021&year_time=3. live.
- Web site: 2022 Album Chart. Circle Chart. January 14, 2023. January 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230113031815/https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/album.circle?nationGbn=T&targetTime=2022&hitYear=2022&termGbn=year&yearTime=3. live.
- Web site: Circle Album Chart – Week 1, 2023. Circle Chart. ko. January 12, 2023. January 12, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230112023951/https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/album.circle?nationGbn=T&targetTime=01&hitYear=2023&termGbn=week&yearTime=3. live.
- Web site: Introducing PEOPLE's Ones to Watch 2021: Get to Know Hollywood's Rising Stars. People Magazine. en. October 13, 2021. June 10, 2023. June 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610002211/https://people.com/celebrity/introducing-peoples-ones-to-watch-2021-get-to-know-hollywoods-rising-stars/. live.
- Web site: Everything to Know About aespa — the K-Pop Girl Group from the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. People. en. Nicholas Rice. November 25, 2021. December 1, 2021. November 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211130113552/https://people.com/music/everything-to-know-about-aespa-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-k-pop-group/. live.
- Web site: BTS, SEVENTEEN, aespa and more win big at the 2021 Asia Artist Awards. NME. Carmen Chin. December 3, 2021. December 3, 2021. December 3, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211203111809/https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/bts-seventeen-aespa-more-win-at-the-2021-asia-artist-awards-3110342. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 올해의 레코드상 "꿈꿨던 일 이뤄져" [MMA 2021]]. Aespa, Record of the Year Award "A dream come true" [MMA 2021]. Naver. X-sports News. ko. Kim Ye-na. December 4, 2021. December 5, 2021. December 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211205060916/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&aid=0001381544. live.
- Web site: aespa to unveil remake of S.E.S.'s 'Dreams Come True' next month. NME. Gladys Yeo. November 4, 2021. November 10, 2021. November 10, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211110000026/https://www.nme.com/news/music/aespa-to-drop-remake-of-s-e-s-dreams-come-true-next-month-3088103. live.
- Web site: aespa Reimagines S.E.S's Hit 'Dreams Come True'. Rolling Stone India. December 20, 2021. January 6, 2022. December 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211220111022/https://rollingstoneindia.com/aespa-reimagines-s-e-ss-hit-dreams-come-true/. live.
- World Digital Song Sales – The Week of January 1, 2022. Billboard. subscription. en-US. January 1, 2022. January 6, 2022. December 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211229100605/https://www.billboard.com/charts/world-digital-song-sales/2022-01-01/. live.
- Web site: ko:2022년 01주차 Digital Chart. 2022, Week 1 Digital Chart. Gaon Music Chart. ko. January 1, 2022. January 6, 2022. January 6, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220106020940/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=ALL&targetTime=01&hitYear=2022&termGbn=week. live.
- Web site: 보아·태연·카리나 등 뭉쳤다...SM 여성 유닛 '갓 더 비트' 출범. BoA, Taeyeon, Karina, etc. have teamed up...SM female unit 'Got the Beat' launched. Naver. Yonhap News Agency. ko. Lee Tae-soo. December 27, 2021. December 27, 2021. December 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211227011810/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=001&aid=0012805619. live.
- Web site: Supergroup GOT the Beat Debuts 'Step Back' at Record-Breaking SMTOWN Live Concert. Billboard. en. Ashley Iasimone. January 3, 2022. January 3, 2022. January 3, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220103235213/https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/got-the-beat-step-back-girls-on-top-smtown-concert-1235015233/. live.
- Web site: (KR) Heraldpop: "방탄소년단·아이유, 음반·음원 대상 영예..NCT 127→세븐틴 본상(종합)". July 7, 2022. January 8, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220108103846/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&aid=0003518907. live.
- Web site: Here are all the winners from the 19th Korean Music Awards. NME. en-GB. Suacillo. Angela Patricia. March 2, 2022. April 9, 2023. April 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230410020722/https://www.nme.com/news/music/here-are-all-the-winners-from-the-19th-korean-music-awards-2022-3172950. live.
- Web site: ko:에스파, 美 최대 음악 축제 코첼라 메인 스테이지 공식 초청. Aespa's Official Invitation to the Main Stage of Coachella, America's Largest Music Festival. https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000564352. Newsen. ko. Kim. Myung-mi. April 19, 2022. April 19, 2022. April 19, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220419051224/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000564352. live.
- aespa Share Details on Coachella Debut & 'New Music That Will Wow the World': Exclusive. Billboard. Benjamin. Jeff. April 20, 2022. April 21, 2022. April 20, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220420231453/https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/aespa-coachella-interview-1235061337/. live.
- Web site: "K팝 걸그룹 최초"...에스파, 美 타임지 선정 '넥스트 제너레이션 리더스'. Naver News. ko. 홍. 혜민. June 10, 2023. May 31, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220531152754/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/469/0000674799. live.
- Web site: TIME's Next Generation Leaders. July 7, 2022. May 12, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220512105431/https://time.com/collection/next-generation-leaders/#2022-2. live.
- Web site: How K-Pop Group aespa Is Making the Metaverse Their Home. May 12, 2022. May 12, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220512172815/https://time.com/collection/next-generation-leaders/6174945/aespa/.
- Web site: [단독] 에스파 윈터·닝닝, 이병헌 주연 '우리들의 블루스'로 첫 OST 참여]. 언론사 뷰. June 10, 2023. June 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610165733/https://v.daum.net/v/20220325105852662. live.
- Web site: Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia 2022: Entertainment & Sports. Forbes. June 10, 2023. September 22, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220922214100/https://www.forbes.com/30-under-30/2022/asia/entertainment-sports. live.
- Web site: ko:SM, '워너 레코드' 손잡았다..에스파 美 시장 본격 진출→7월 미니 2집 발매[공식]. SM, 'Warner Record' joined hands... Aespa enters the US market in earnest → Releases 2nd mini album in July [Official]. https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/now/article/109/0004627036. Osen. ko. Lee. Seung-hoon. June 1, 2022. June 1, 2022. May 31, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220531235802/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/now/article/109/0004627036. live.
- News: 에스파, '도깨비불' 선공개했다. Aespa pre-released 'Illusion'. Mydaily. ko. Lee. Seung-rok. June 1, 2022. June 1, 2022. June 1, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220601044340/https://www.mydaily.co.kr/new_yk/html/read.php?newsid=202206011314365547. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 미니 2집 선주문만 161만장...'K팝 걸그룹 최고기록' [공식입장]]. aespa's 2nd mini album pre-orders alone, 1.61 million copies ... 'best record for K-pop girl group' [Official position]. Naver. ko. Jo. Hye-jin. July 8, 2022. June 10, 2023. July 8, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220708020922/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&aid=0001472356. live.
- Web site: https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/052/0001764387. Lee. Yu-na. July 15, 2022. ko:[Y이슈] 에스파가 열었다...걸그룹 초동 100만장 시대. [Y Issue] Aespa opened... The era of 1 million copies in the first week of girl groups. n.news. July 16, 2022. July 16, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220716020037/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/052/0001764387. live.
- Web site: CIRCLE CHART - 써클차트. Circle Chart. en. June 10, 2023. November 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210317/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=43&hitYear=2018&termGbn=week. live.
- Web site: Aespa's 'Girls' becomes top-selling girl group album. Yonhap News Agency. en. Shim. Sun-ah. August 11, 2022. August 11, 2022. August 11, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220811054322/https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20220811007900315. live.
- Web site: Hong Se-young. September 22, 2022. 블랙핑크 더블 밀리언셀러, YG "K팝 걸그룹 최초" [공식]]. Blackpink Double Million Seller, YG “The First K-Pop Girl Group” [Official]. ko. https://web.archive.org/web/20220922025609/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/382/0001005717. September 22, 2022. Sports Donga. September 22, 2022. live.
- Bad Bunny Holds Atop Billboard 200 Chart for Fifth Week With 'Un Verano Sin Ti'. Billboard. en-US. Caulfield. Keith. July 17, 2022. June 10, 2023. October 7, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221007110429/https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/bad-bunny-un-verano-sin-ti-billboard-200-number-1-five-weeks-1235115269/. live.
- Web site: aespa初来日イベント『aespa JAPAN PREMIUM SHOWCASE 2022 〜SYNK〜』 開催決定! aespa(エスパ)JAPAN OFFICIAL WEBSITE. April 4, 2023. June 11, 2023. April 4, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230404174155/https://aespa-official.jp/news/japan-showcase-2022/. live.
- Web site: aespa announce one-off concert in Los Angeles for this month. NME. en-GB. Yeo. Gladys. June 7, 2022. June 11, 2023. July 6, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220706110908/https://www.nme.com/news/music/aespa-concert-showcase-synk-los-angeles-june-tickets-details-3241343. live.
- Web site: aespa adds additional date to its showcase event in Los Angeles. Korea JoongAng Daily. en. Lee. Jian. June 14, 2022. June 11, 2023. April 30, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230430040223/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/06/14/entertainment/kpop/Korea-Kpop-aespa/20220614111713187.html. live.
- Web site: Exclusive Clip: Aespa Talks Coachella Debut For Apple Music "Up Next" Film. Nylon. en. June 2022. April 9, 2023. June 2, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220602055250/https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/aespa-apple-music-next-up-exclusive-clip. live.
- Web site: Aespa calls for sustainable development to be taken to 'Next Level' at United Nations forum. Korea JoongAng Daily. Lee. Jian. July 6, 2022. January 28, 2023. December 11, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221211035054/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/07/06/entertainment/kpop/Korea-Kpop-aespa/20220706143215033.html. live.
- Web site: 'Good Morning America' 2022 Summer Concert Series lineup: Demi Lovato, Megan Thee Stallion and more. Good Morning America. en. June 10, 2023. April 4, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230404022616/https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/good-morning-america-2022-summer-concert-series-lineup-85593912. live.
- Web site: The 20th Anniversary Croc Party is On. www.crocs.com. June 10, 2023. May 1, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230501035326/https://www.crocs.com/metaverse.html?adid=sms_attentive_us_20221023_content_crocday-concert_x_x_x_x&externalId=Pzz-j. live.
- Web site: Crocs SVP, CMO Heidi Cooley: 2023 Top Marketers. Glossy. en. Zwieglinska. Zofia. June 5, 2023. June 10, 2023. June 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230606172112/https://www.glossy.co/fashion/crocs-svp-cmo-heidi-cooley-2023-top-marketers/.
- Web site: 레드벨벳X에스파 뭉쳤다..SM 겨울 앨범 타이틀곡 14일 선공개. Red Velvet X aespa united.. SM winter album title song pre-release on the 14th. Naver. Osen. ko. Seon. Mi-kyung. December 10, 2022. December 10, 2022. December 10, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221210025310/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004755626. live.
- Web site: 에스파 첫 단독 리얼리티...예능 병아리 출동 ('에스파의 싱크로드'). The Chosun Ilbo. ko. December 27, 2022. June 28, 2023. June 28, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230628164524/https://www.chosun.com/entertainments/broadcast/2022/12/27/3YUQXJ5QMHR4OFME7PBZBKCPFE/. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 2월 25~26일 데뷔 첫 단독 콘서트 개최 [공식]]. Aespa will hold first solo concert since debut on February 25~26 [official]. Newsen. ko. Lee. Min-ji. January 20, 2023. May 19, 2023. January 25, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230125185843/https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=202301201525082410. live.
- Web site: Kendrick Lamar, Foo Fighters, Lana Del Rey to headline Outside Lands. NME. en-GB. Singh. Surej. March 8, 2023. April 9, 2023. April 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230409225409/https://www.nme.com/news/music/outside-lands-kendrick-lamar-foo-fighters-lana-del-rey-2023-dates-tickets-3409908. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 日 투어 성황리에 마무리...8월 도쿄돔 입성. Aespa concludes concert tour with great success... To perform at Tokyo Dome in August. 언론사 뷰. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090821/https://v.daum.net/v/20230501103113799. live.
- Web site: aespa to hold two solo performances at Tokyo Dome in August. Korea JoongAng Daily. en. April 2, 2023. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090820/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2023/04/02/entertainment/kpop/Korea-Kpop-aespa/20230402140853457.html. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 데뷔 첫 日 투어 성료...뜨거운 열도 인기 입증. Naver News. ko. 안. 태현. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090819/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/421/0006779981. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 애플 오리지널 영화 '테트리스' OST 참여..글로벌 대세 행보. Naver News. ko. June 10, 2023. March 29, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230329054857/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/112/0003622531. live.
- Web site: CIRCLE CHART - 써클차트. Circle Chart. ko. June 10, 2023. May 18, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230518144225/https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/album.circle?nationGbn=T&targetTime=19&hitYear=2023&termGbn=week&yearTime=3. live.
- Web site: aespa's 'My World' becomes double million-seller 2 weeks after release. Korea JoongAng Daily. en. Yong-Yun. Cho. May 22, 2023. June 10, 2023. June 8, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230608201617/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2023/05/22/entertainment/kpop/aespa-SM-Entertainment-SYNK-HYPER-LINE/20230522155827043.html. live.
- Web site: CIRCLE CHART - 써클차트. Circle Chart. en. August 9, 2023. August 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230809001406/https://circlechart.kr/page_cert/chart.circle?serviceGbn=ALBUM. live.
- Lil Uzi Vert Scores Third No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 With 'Pink Tape'. Billboard. en-US. Caulfield. Keith. July 10, 2023. August 8, 2023. July 24, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230724010712/https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/lil-uzi-vert-pink-tape-number-one-billboard-200-debut-1235369002/. live.
- Web site: aespa announce Jakarta stop of 'SYNK: Hyper Line' tour. NME. en. Ziwei. Puah. May 11, 2023. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090820/https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/aespa-jakarta-synk-hyper-line-concert-3442012. live.
- Web site: aespa announce Europe, US legs of 2023 'SYNK: Hyper Line' world tour. NME. en-GB. Ziwei. Puah. May 19, 2023. May 20, 2023. May 19, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230519170401/https://www.nme.com/news/music/aespa-europe-us-latin-american-2023-synk-hyper-line-tour-tickets-3445503. live.
- Web site: Chopard's Caroline Scheufele Presented Her First Couture Collection in Glittering Style at Cannes. Vogue. en-US. May 25, 2023. August 9, 2023. June 3, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230603155332/https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/chopard-cannes-gala-2023. live.
- Web site: Aespa to be first K-pop group to attend Cannes Film Festival. NextShark. en. Anderson. Daniel. May 1, 2023. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513090825/https://nextshark.com/aespa-first-kpop-group-cannes. live.
- Web site: Ice Queens: Chopard Ambassadors aespa Open Up About Cannes And Their Favourite Jewels. Harper's Bazaar Singapore. en-US. Batchelor. Renée. August 8, 2023. August 8, 2023. August 8, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230808231544/https://www.harpersbazaar.com.sg/watches-jewels/jewellery/ice-queens-interview-with-chopard-ambassadors-aespa/. live.
- Web site: aespa's WINTER Threw Out The First Pitch At A New York Yankees Game. UPROXX. en-US. June 9, 2023. June 10, 2023. June 10, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610215837/https://uproxx.com/pop/aespa-winter-yankees-first-pitch/. live.
- Web site: [종합] 에스파 지젤, 美 공연→시구 전면취소 "건강상 문제"]. Sports Chosun. ko. 백. 지은. June 7, 2023. August 9, 2023. August 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230809010320/https://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=202306080100049980006375&servicedate=20230607. live.
- Lizzo Gets Political, Aespa Puts on a Spectacle, King Kendrick Reigns: The 20 Best Things We Saw at Governors Ball 2023. Rolling Stone. en-US. Vozick-Levinson. Simon. Lopez. Julyssa. Gee. Andre. Paul. Larisha. June 12, 2023. August 9, 2023. August 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230809005533/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-live-reviews/gov-ball-2023-best-performances-1234768703/. live.
- Aespa Makes History With First-Ever Governors Ball Performance: Best Moments. Billboard. en-US. Bowenbank. Starr. June 11, 2023. August 9, 2023. August 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230809005756/https://www.billboard.com/lists/aespa-governors-ball-2023-set-best-moments/aenergy/. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 'Better Things' 시트콤 첫 공개..능청 연기+찐친 케미. Aespa, first release of 'Better Things' sitcom..Sly acting + strong chemistry. Naver. Osen. ko. Ji. Min-kyung. August 8, 2023. August 9, 2023. August 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230809013103/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004903770. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 13일 美 LA 콘서트서 'Better Things' 무대 최초 공개. Aespa unveils 'Better Things' stage for the first time at the LA concert on the 13th. Naver. Osen. ko. Seon. Mi-kyung. August 2, 2023. October 14, 2023. October 16, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231016064038/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004899842. live.
- Web site: Desk . India TV News . News . India TV . 2023-07-29 . Jay Park & Aespa’s NingNing live performance makes netizens excited Watch . 2024-08-19 . www.indiatvnews.com . en.
- Web site: 에스파, 포켓몬스터 OST 부른다..오프닝 테마곡 'We Go'[공식]]. Aespa sings the Pokémon OST..Opening theme song 'We Go' [Official]. Naver. MT Star News. ko. Yoon. Sang-geun. August 23, 2023. October 14, 2023. November 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231106025402/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/108/0003176353. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 첫 日 디지털 싱글 'Zoom Zoom' 공개. Aespa releases first Japanese digital single 'Zoom Zoom'. Naver. Sports Donga. ko. Cho. Sung-woon. October 7, 2023. October 14, 2023. October 16, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231016053307/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/382/0001079339. live.
- Web site: 에스파 11월10일 'Drama'로 컴백, 신드롬 또 일으키나. Espa's comeback with 'Drama' on November 10th, will it cause another syndrome?. Naver. Herald POP. ko. Park. Soo-in. October 11, 2023. October 14, 2023. November 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231106025755/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/609/0000781174. live.
- Web site: 에스파 윈터, (여자)아이들 소연x아이브 리즈와 유닛 결성..단언컨대 역대급. Aespa's Winter, (G)I-DLE's Soyeon and Ive's Liz forms unit...In short, the best ever. Naver. Osen. ko. Park. So-young. November 11, 2023. November 13, 2023. November 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231113061645/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004964084. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 서태지와 아이들 '시대유감' 리메이크. Aespa to remake Seo Taiji and Boys' 'Regrettable Times'. The Hankyoreh. ko. Seo. Jeong-min. January 9, 2024. January 12, 2024. January 12, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240112145547/https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/culture/culture_general/1123569.html.
- Web site: 에스파, 두 번째 월드 투어 개최 확정..6월 서울 이어 13개 지역 방문. Aespa confirms second world tour, visiting 13 regions following Seoul in June. Naver. Osen. ko. Ji. Min-kyung. February 19, 2024. April 1, 2024. April 1, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240401160108/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0005020495. live.
- Web site: aespa to release first full-length album 'Armageddon' in May. Korea JoongAng Daily. en. Cho. Yong-jun. April 22, 2024. April 22, 2024. May 13, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240513020210/https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2024-04-22/entertainment/kpop/aespa-to-release-first-fulllength-album-Armageddon-in-May/2030527. live.
- Web site: ko:에스파, 오늘 '아마겟돈' 출격...선주문 102만장 돌파. Aespa, sortie for 'Armageddon' today...Pre-orders exceed 1.02 million copies. https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/421/0007562835. Naver. News1. ko. Go. Seung-ah. May 27, 2024. May 31, 2024. May 31, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240531095512/https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/421/0007562835. live.
- Web site: Circle Digital Chart – Week 21 of 2024. Circle Chart. ko. May 19–25, 2024. May 31, 2024. May 31, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240531042909/https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/onoff.circle?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=ALL&targetTime=21&hitYear=2024&termGbn=week. live.
- Web site: 2024-06-05 . Billboard Global Excl. US . subscription . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240605052936/https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-global-excl-us/2024-06-08/ . June 5, 2024 . 2024-07-26 . Billboard.
- Web site: 에스파, 이번엔 일본이다... 7월 3일 '핫 메스'로 정식 데뷔. Aespa, now in Japan... debuting on July 3 with "Hot Mess". Naver. Ilgan Sports. ko. Kim. Ji-hye. June 3, 2024. June 5, 2024. June 5, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240605222944/https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/241/0003354916. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 명품 브랜드 앰버서더 선정 ... "멤버들 에너지에 압도". Aespa, selected as a luxury ambassador ... "Overwhelmed by members' energy". Naver. Osen. ko. Ji Min-kyung. February 10, 2021. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160618/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004352425. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 클리오 새 얼굴 됐다 [공식]]. Aespa become new faces for Clio [Official]. Naver. Sports Kyunghyang. ko. Hwang Chae-hyun. August 6, 2021. August 7, 2021. August 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210807071944/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=144&aid=0000754004. live.
- Web site: 메디힐, 새 브랜드 모델에 걸그룹 '에스파' 발탁. Mediheal selected girl group 'Aespa' as new brand model. Naver. News1. ko. Bae Ji-yoon. August 24, 2021. August 31, 2021. August 31, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210831061627/https://news.naver.com/main/read.naver?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=101&oid=421&aid=0005558457. live.
- Web site: [Y패션]에스파, 아웃도어 브랜드 모델 발탁 ... 9월 광고 영상 공개]. [Y Fashion] Aespa, outdoor brand model selected ... September advertisement video released. Naver. YTN. ko. Kang Nae-ri. August 26, 2021. August 31, 2021. August 31, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210831061617/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=052&aid=0001632220. live.
- Web site: '유튜브 부터 광고출연까지'···MZ와 소통 나선 금융권 CEO. 'From YouTube to appearing in advertisements'...Financial sector CEO communicating with MZ. Sina Journal. ko. Yoo Gil-yeon. October 2, 2021. October 4, 2021. October 4, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211004170335/http://www.sisajournal-e.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=237414. live.
- Web site: 아쿠아 디 파르마 새 뮤즈 된 '에스파'. registration. November 23, 2021. December 26, 2021. https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CWnGxn7PMZC.
- Web site: 롯데칠성, 에스파 모델 과일향 탄산 '탐스제로' 출시. Lotte Chilsung, Aespa modelled fruity carbonated 'Tamz Zero' release. Naver. E Daily. ko. Jeong. Byeong-mook. April 11, 2022. May 6, 2022. May 6, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220506124335/https://n.news.naver.com/mnews/article/018/0005187120?sid=101. live.
- Web site: '에스파'가 미리 간 가을·겨울 뉴욕, 화려한 일상 화보. Autumn/Winter New York where 'aespa' went in advance, colorful daily pictorial. October 14, 2022. December 5, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221205003444/https://m.newspim.com/news/view/20220831000434. live.
- Web site: 쇼파드의 새 얼굴 '에스파', 4인 4색 눈부신 예쁨 담긴 화보. Chopard's new face 'Aespa', a pictorial with 4 people, 4 colors, dazzling beauty. Naver. MoneyS. ko. Kang. In-gwi. September 1, 2022. September 1, 2022. September 1, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220901102340/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/417/0000848420. live.
- Web site: '에픽세븐 X 에스파' 타임스퀘어 옥외 광고 노출. 'Epic Seven X Aespa' Time Square outdoor advertisement exposure. Naver. Kukmin Ilbo. ko. Lee. Daniel. December 4, 2022. December 5, 2022. December 5, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221205004414/https://n.news.naver.com/article/005/0001570983?sid=105. live.
- Web site: 에스파 등 K스타 가상 제페토 공연, 한국매력 알린다. K-star virtual ZEPETO performance, such as Aespa, to promote Korean charm. Naver. Herald Economy. 영화 '아바타' 같은 느낌의 K팝 스타 에스파 리더 카리나 등 멤버들이 진짜 아바타의 모습으로 확장 가상세계에서 공연한다. [Members such as K-pop star Aespa leader Karina, who feel like the movie 'Avatar', perform in an expanded virtual world in the form of real avatars.]. ko. Ham Young-hoon. December 7, 2021. December 31, 2021. December 31, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211231033639/https://n.news.naver.com/article/016/0001921458. live.
- Web site: SM, 신인 걸그룹 aespa(에스파) 카리나 공개 [공식]]. SM reveals new girl group aespa Karina [Official]. Naver. Sports Donga. ko. Jeong Hee-yeon. October 28, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160719/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=382&aid=0000865785. live.
- Web site: [인터뷰] aespa, 지금 'Black Mamba'로 입덕하면 데뷔팬!: 네이버 포스트]. [Interview] aespa, if you become a fan of 'Black Mamba', debut fan!. Naver Post. SM Entertainment. ko. November 17, 2020. December 26, 2020. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160640/https://post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=29952257&memberNo=41350603. live.
- Web site: 에스파, 퍼포먼스만? 노래도 잘하네 ... 보컬 매력 극대화 'Forever' [신곡in가요]]. Aespa, performance only? You sing well ... Maximizing vocal charm 'Forever' [New song in song]. Naver. The Korea Economic Daily. ko. Kim Soo-young. February 5, 2021. February 6, 2021. February 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210205171812/https://www.hankyung.com/entertainment/article/202102054127H. live.
- Web site: SM 새 걸그룹 에스파, 첫 멤버 윈터 공개 ... 뛰어난 보컬+댄스 실력 겸비. SM's new girl group Aespa reveals its first member Winter ... Excellent vocal + dance skills. Naver. Herald POP. ko. Cheon Yun-hye. October 27, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160619/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=112&aid=0003358706. live.
- Web site: SM 신예 에스파 닝닝 아바타 공개 ... 매력적인 보컬 눈길. SM's newest Aespa Ningning avatar released ... Attractive vocal gaze. Naver. Seoul Economic Daily. ko. Chu Seung-hyun. November 9, 2020. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830160620/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&aid=0003822732. live.
- Web site: Kim. Soo-young. November 25, 2022. ko:에스파 리얼리티가 온다...'싱크로드' 12월 14일 첫 공개. Aespa reality is coming...'Synk Road' premiered on December 14th. https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=015&aid=0004779512. Naver. The Korea Economic Daily. ko. November 25, 2022. November 25, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221125043957/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=015&aid=0004779512. live.
- Web site: Jo. Sang-eun. November 20, 2023. ko:에스파가 완성하는 'Drama', 21일부터 세 편 순차 공개 예고. 'Drama' to be Completed by Aespa, Three Episodes Announced to be Released Sequentially Starting from the 21st. https://www.slist.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=501600. Single List. ko. November 26, 2023. November 26, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231126063248/https://www.slist.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=501600. live.
- Web site: Jang. Woo-young. June 10, 2024. ko:에스파, 촌캉스→여고 체험기..로망 실현 '에스파티' 공개. Aespa, village vacation → girls' high school experience..Romance realization 'aesparty' unveiled. https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/109/0005094466. Naver. Osen. ko. June 22, 2024. June 22, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240622135258/https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/109/0005094466. live.
- Web site: aespa 'Black Mamba' MV. Bright Young Things. July 1, 2021. July 1, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210701113149/https://studiobyts.com/aespa-Black-Mamba-MV. live.
- Web site: Works – Sunnyvisual. Sunnyvisual. August 30, 2021. May 9, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210509045541/http://sunnyvisual.com/?page_id=4484. live.
- Next Level - aespa. Vimeo. Jinhyuk Lee. May 25, 2021. May 25, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830161549/https://vimeo.com/554623782. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Next Level (Habstrakt Remix)' MV. YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. September 14, 2021. September 26, 2021. October 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211005130518/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EROYsCK0vK4. live.
- Savage. SM Entertainment; Dreamus. South Korea. Credits. photobook. SM Entertainment. Aespa. 2021.
- . SM Entertainment; Dreamus. South Korea. Credits. photobook. SM Entertainment. SM Town. 2021.
- aespa - 'Life's Too Short' MV. CfLNgplpqg_. segajivideo. no. June 24, 2022. December 10, 2022. https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/segajivideo/2867445006034446399_2867442436728530960. June 18, 2023. live.
- aespa "Girls" / music video. Vimeo. Oui Kim. Music video. July 8, 2022. July 9, 2022. July 9, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220709044257/https://vimeo.com/728024394. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Girls (Brllnt Remix)' MV. YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. October 21, 2022. October 21, 2022. October 21, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221021040324/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlcvaEpCEJ4&gl=US&hl=en. live.
- Red Velvet X aespa 'Beautiful Christmas' MV. YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. December 14, 2022. December 25, 2023. December 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221214093741/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTgcp1oDk2M. live.
- Web site: Aespa – Welcome to My World (feat. Naevis). BangJaeYeob Film. June 22, 2023. July 11, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230711132545/https://bangjaeyeob.com/aespa-Welcome-To-MY-world-Feat-navis. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Spicy' MV. Cr_hMGSqPla. j.oooooo. no. May 8, 2023. May 8, 2023. May 9, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230509182717/https://www.instagram.com/p/Cr_hMGSqPla/?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA. live.
- Web site: aespa 에스파 'Better Things' MV. August 18, 2023. August 23, 2023. August 23, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230823152508/http://www.keep-us-weird.com/w/aespa%20%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C%20Better%20Things%20MV. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Spicy (Nitepunk Remix)' MV. YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. September 15, 2023. September 15, 2023. October 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231006154621/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dn-fzIgHkg0. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Better Things' MV (æ-aespa Ver.). YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. October 6, 2023. October 6, 2023. October 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231006150921/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwieCy-T4zw&feature=youtu.be. live.
- aespa - Drama M/V. CzdCm1gJCR1. samsonii. no. November 10, 2023. August 13, 2024. August 13, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240813040223/https://www.instagram.com/p/CzdCm1gJCR1/. live.
- Web site: aespa 에스파 '시대유감(時代遺憾)' 2024. Vimeo. @hattrick_kr. May 18, 2024. January 31, 2024. May 18, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240518121146/https://vimeo.com/908158963. live.
- aespa X Fraggle Rock "Get Goin'" MV (Apple TV+). YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. March 29, 2024. April 1, 2024. March 29, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240329131051/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPnjKZFgeiE. live.
- aespa - SUPERNOVA. C7BV2GDuOPt. hattrickseoul. no. May 16, 2024. May 16, 2024. May 18, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240518121146/https://www.instagram.com/p/C7BV2GDuOPt/. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Armageddon' MV. YouTube. SM Entertainment. Music video. May 27, 2024. May 27, 2024. May 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240527120758/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nFYwcndNuOY. live.
- Web site: June 19, 2024. aespa 에스파 'Live My Life' MV. June 19, 2024. June 19, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240619195108/https://studiosurplus.space/works/aespa-live-my-life-universe. live.
- film for aespa directed by me. C86nulLJDou. lafic. no. July 2, 2024. August 13, 2024. August 13, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240813035615/https://www.instagram.com/p/C86nulLJDou/. live.
- Web site: [TRAILER] aespa[에스파] "MY KARINA"]. 88 Gymnastic Heroes. ko. August 6, 2023. August 6, 2023. https://archive.today/20230806142910/https://www.88gymnasticheroes.com/%EC%84%A0%EC%A0%95-%EC%9E%91%ED%92%88-copy?pgid=kvi5uu9h-6afb9341-9d1b-43d0-a292-707ccc30b413. live.
- aespa_HIGHLIGHT. Vimeo. Garnet Pictures. January 7, 2021. February 7, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830162058/https://vimeo.com/497899156. live.
- SM aespa_WINTER. Vimeo. Garnet Pictures. January 7, 2021. February 7, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830162308/https://vimeo.com/497897766. live.
- SM aespa_GISELLE. Vimeo. Garnet Pictures. January 7, 2021. February 7, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830162533/https://vimeo.com/497898751. live.
- SM aespa_NINGNING. Vimeo. Garnet Pictures. November 11, 2020. February 7, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830162716/https://vimeo.com/478317920. live.
- SM aespa_KARINA. Vimeo. Garnet Pictures. November 11, 2020. February 7, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830162914/https://vimeo.com/478316828. live.
- [SM AESPA Debut Live Stage]]. Vimeo. Adult Kim. January 11, 2021. February 7, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://archive.today/20210830163100/https://vimeo.com/499474520. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Forever (약속)' The Performance Stage (Cozy Winter Cabin Ver.). YouTube. SM Entertainment. February 6, 2021. February 7, 2021. February 10, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210210010145/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UnLnqQnZAM. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Forever (약속)' The Performance Stage (Glitter Snowball Ver.). YouTube. SM Entertainment. February 8, 2021. February 8, 2021. February 10, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210210010149/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0m0vMRgZbWo. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Forever (약속)' The Performance Stage (Romantic Street Ver.). YouTube. SM Entertainment. February 10, 2021. February 10, 2021. February 13, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210213132907/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6sfNV51ae0. live.
- Web site: aespa 에스파 'ep1. Black Mamba' - SM Culture Universe. 37thDEGREE. August 30, 2021. August 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830164220/https://37thdegree.com/portfolio/aespa. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Next Level' The Performance Stage #1. YouTube. SM Entertainment. May 20, 2021. May 20, 2021. May 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210520090110/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z58k37I4Crs&gl=US&hl=en. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Next Level' The Performance Stage #2. YouTube. SM Entertainment. May 25, 2021. May 25, 2021. May 25, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210525090100/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hehFXvnWyKo&gl=US&hl=en. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Next Level' The Performance Stage #3. YouTube. SM Entertainment. May 27, 2021. May 27, 2021. May 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210527093456/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82CnK4M2sxo. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Savage' The Performance Stage #1. YouTube. SM Entertainment. October 11, 2021. January 10, 2023. February 21, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230221123726/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9o-hlEJQKQU. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Savage' The Performance Stage #2. YouTube. SM Entertainment. October 17, 2021. January 10, 2023. January 3, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230103194437/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2yNcldFa6E. live.
- Web site: aespa 에스파 'ep2. Next Level' - SM Culture Universe. 37thDEGREE. July 13, 2022. July 13, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220713143332/https://37thdegree.com/portfolio/aespa-ep2. live.
- Web site: AESPA_GIRLS [Performance Stage #1]]. SWISHER. August 6, 2023. August 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230806135308/https://www.swisher.kr/films?wix-vod-video-id=856263d621574ddbaa329daea5d5ce92&wix-vod-comp-id=comp-js0j74l5. live.
- Web site: AESPA_GIRLS [Performance Stage #2]]. SWISHER. August 6, 2023. August 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230806135513/https://www.swisher.kr/films?wix-vod-video-id=cc4048ff90184e9fac69e5658e5cb9ac&wix-vod-comp-id=comp-js0j74l5. live.
- aespa 에스파 'ep.3 Girls (Don't you know I'm a Savage?)' - SM Culture Universe. YouTube. SM Entertainment. February 23, 2023. February 28, 2023. February 28, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230228022948/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iq-ivLY_9A8. live.
- Web site: Entertainment – aespa 'MY WORLD' INTRO. HAESUMOK. August 6, 2023. August 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230806141835/https://www.haesumok.com/category/entertainment/?ckattempt=3. live.
- aespa 에스파 'I'm Unhappy' Track Video. YouTube. SM Entertainment. ko. May 2, 2023. May 13, 2023. May 13, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230513052525/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CC7OrEx5H4U. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Salty & Sweet' Track Video. YouTube. SM Entertainment. ko. May 3, 2023. May 4, 2023. May 4, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230504000450/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bL0Uxth2Edg. live.
- aespa 에스파 'Thirsty' Track Video. Cr02I76A26h. jinooyamakes. no. May 4, 2023. June 22, 2023. June 22, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230622003510/https://www.instagram.com/p/Cr02I76A26h/. live.
- Peak chart positions on the Oricon DVD Chart:
- Peak chart positions on the Oricon Blu-ray Chart:
- Web site: 에스파 미국 LA 쇼케이스서 현지 팬 1만명 환호. 10,000 local fans cheered at Aespa's LA showcase. Naver. Yonhap News Agency. ko. Lee. Tae-soo. June 28, 2022. June 28, 2022. June 28, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220628211201/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=001&aid=0013275005. live.
- Web site: Aespa to hold showcase in LA. Manila Bulletin. Hicap. Jonathan. June 7, 2022. July 4, 2022. July 4, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220704002518/https://mb.com.ph/2022/06/07/aespa-to-hold-showcase-in-la/. live.
- Web site: aespa's first Japan showcase saw 40,000 audience members. Naver. Korea JoongAng Daily. en. Yang. Halley. August 8, 2022. August 8, 2022. August 8, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220808030919/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/640/0000027496. live.
- Web site: SM타운 라이브, 오늘(1일) 전 세계 무료 중계. SM Town Live, free broadcast worldwide today (1 day). Naver. ko. Hwang Ji-young. January 1, 2021. January 1, 2021. January 1, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210101064307/http://isplus.live.joins.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=23960128. live.
- Web site: 보아→에스파, 'SMTOWN LIVE' 1월 1일 전 세계 무료 중계. BoA → Aespa, 'SMTOWN LIVE' broadcast free worldwide on January 1. Naver. ko. Hye-jin. Jo. December 23, 2021. December 28, 2021. December 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211227152538/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=311&aid=0001388778. live.
- Web site: SMTOWN LIVE, 소녀시대→NCT·에스파 출연. SMTOWN LIVE, Girls' Generation → NCT·Aespa Appearance. Naver. ko. Lee. Jae-eun. July 12, 2022. July 15, 2022. October 8, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221008095255/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/144/0000824931. live.
- Web site: 'SMCU 팰리스' 프로젝트 서막 연다. 'SMTOWN Palace' project raise the curtain. Naver. ko. Kim. Jae-won. November 30, 2022. December 22, 2022. December 22, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221222142712/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/396/0000630609. live.
- aespa Share Details on Coachella Debut & 'New Music That Will Wow the World': Exclusive. Billboard. Benjamin. Jeff. April 20, 2022. April 21, 2022. April 20, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220420231453/https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/aespa-coachella-interview-1235061337/. live.
- Web site: Aespa makes history at Outside Lands. SFGate. Bote. Joshua. August 12, 2023. October 9, 2023. October 6, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231006101959/https://www.sfgate.com/sf-culture/article/aespa-kpop-history-outside-lands-2023-18293050.php. live.