Adenylyl-sulfate reductase (glutathione) explained

Adenylyl-sulfate reductase (glutathione)
Ec Number:	1.8.4.9

Adenylyl-sulfate reductase (glutathione)^[1] is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

AMP + sulfite + glutathione disulfide

\rightleftharpoons adenylyl sulfate + 2 glutathione

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are adenosine monophosphate, sulfite, and glutathione disulfide, whereas its two products are adenylyl sulfate and glutathione.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with a disulfide as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is AMP,sulfite:glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase (adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate-forming). Other names in common use include 5'-adenylylsulfate reductase (also used for, internal_xref(ec_num(1,8,99,2))), AMP,sulfite:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase, (adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate-forming), and plant-type 5'-adenylylsulfate reductase. In plants, APS is reduced by the plastidic enzyme APS reductase (APR; EC 1.8.4.9) in the presence of physiological concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH), which acts as an electron donor.^[2]

References

• Gutierrez-Marcos JF, Roberts MA, Campbell EI, Wray JL . 1996 . Three members of a novel small gene-family from Arabidopsis thaliana able to complement functionally an Escherichia coli mutant defective in PAPS reductase activity encode proteins with a thioredoxin-like domain and "APS reductase" activity . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 93 . 13377–82 . 8917599 . 10.1073/pnas.93.23.13377 . 23 . 24101 . 1996PNAS...9313377G . free .
• Setya A, Murillo M, Leustek T . 1996 . Sulfate reduction in higher plants: Molecular evidence for a novel 5′-adenylylsulfate reductase . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 93 . 13383–8 . 8917600 . 10.1073/pnas.93.23.13383 . 23 . 24102 . 1996PNAS...9313383S . free .
• Bick JA, Aslund F, Chen Y, Leustek T . 1998 . Glutaredoxin function for the carboxyl-terminal domain of the plant-type 5′-adenylylsulfate reductase . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 8404–9 . 9653199 . 10.1073/pnas.95.14.8404 . 14 . 20988 . 1998PNAS...95.8404B . free .

Notes and References

1. Brychkova. Galina. Yarmolinsky. Dmitry. Sagi. Moshe. September 2012. Kinetic assays for determining in vitro APS reductase activity in plants without the use of radioactive substances. Plant & Cell Physiology. 53. 9. 1648–1658. 10.1093/pcp/pcs091. 1471-9053. 22833665. free.
2. Bick. J. A.. Leustek. T.. June 1998. Plant sulfur metabolism--the reduction of sulfate to sulfite. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 1. 3. 240–244. 1369-5266. 10066588. 10.1016/s1369-5266(98)80111-8.