Adenosine diphosphate ribose explained

Adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) is an ester molecule formed into chains by the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase.^[1] ADPR is created from cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) by the CD38 enzyme using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) as a cofactor.

ADPR binds to and activates the TRPM2 ion channel.^[2] ADPR is the most potent agonist of the TRPM2 channel.^[3] cADPR also binds to TPRM2, and the action of both molecules is synergistic, with both molecules enhancing the action of the other molecule in activating the TRPM2 channel.^[4] Researchers are not sure how the Adenosine diphosphate reacts with the TRPM2 channel, but the ribose sugar may play a role in activating the TRPM2 ion channel.^[5]

See also

• Adenosine diphosphate
• ADP-ribosylation
• Ribose
• Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase

Notes and References

1. Braidy N, Berg J, Clement J, Sachdev P . Role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and Related Precursors as Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Degenerative Diseases: Rationale, Biochemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Outcomes . . 10 . 2 . 251–294 . 2019 . 10.1089/ars.2017.7269 . 6277084 . 29634344.
2. Fonfria E, Marshall IC, Benham CD . TRPM2 channel opening in response to oxidative stress is dependent on activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase . Br. J. Pharmacol. . 143 . 1 . 186–92 . September 2004. 15302683 . 1575275 . 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705914 . etal.
3. Yu P, Cai X, Liang Y, Yang W . Roles of NAD + and Its Metabolites Regulated Calcium Channels in Cancer . . 25 . 20 . 4826 . 2019 . 10.3390/molecules25204826 . 7587972 . 33092205 . free .
4. Lee HC . Cyclic ADP-ribose and NAADP: fraternal twin messengers for calcium signaling . Science China Life Sciences . 54 . 8 . 699–711 . 2011 . 10.1007/s11427-011-4197-3 . 21786193. 24286381 . free .
5. 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00338 . Synthesis of Terminal Ribose Analogues of Adenosine 5′-Diphosphate Ribose as Probes for the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel TRPM2 . 2019 . Baszczyňski . Ondřej . Watt . Joanna M. . Rozewitz . Monika D. . Guse . Andreas H. . Fliegert . Ralf . Potter . Barry V. L. . The Journal of Organic Chemistry . 84 . 10 . 6143–6157 . 30978018 . 6528165 .