Zirconium(IV) sulfate explained

Zirconium(IV) sulfate is the name for a family of inorganic salts with the formula Zr(SO₄)₂(H₂O)_n where n = 0, 4, 5, 7. These species are related by the degree of hydration. They are white or colourless solids that are soluble in water.

Preparation and structure

Zirconium sulfate is prepared by the action of sulfuric acid on zirconium oxide:

ZrO₂ + 2 H₂SO₄ + H₂O → Zr(SO₄)₂(H₂O)_xThe anhydrous sulfate is also known.

These compounds adopt complex structures featuring 7- and 8-coordinated Zr centres. Both water and sulfate serve as ligands.^{[1] [2]}

Uses

Zirconium sulfate is used in tanning white leather, as a catalyst support, to precipitate proteins and amino acids, and as a pigment stabilizer.

Notes and References

1. Bear, Isabel J.; Mumme, W. G. "Crystal chemistry of zirconium sulfate. III. Structure of the β-pentahydrate, Zr2(SO4)4(H2O)8.2H2O, and the interrelationship of the four higher hydrates" Acta Crystallogr. 1969. B25, 1572-1581.
2. Squattrito, Philip J.; Rudolf, Philip R.; Clearfield, Abraham "Crystal structure of a complex basic zirconium sulfate" Inorganic Chemistry 1987, vol. 26, 4240-4.