Ziliujing Formation Explained

Ziliujing Formation
Period:	Pliensbachian
Age:	Sinemurian-Toarcian,
Type:	Geological formation
Prilithology:	Mudstone
Otherlithology:	Sandstone
Subunits:	Dongyuemiao Member, Maanshan Member, Daanzhai Member
Underlies:	Xintiangou Formation
Overlies:	Zhenzhuchong Formation
Thickness:	Dongyuemiao M. NaNm (-2,147,483,648feet), Maanshan M. NaNm (-2,147,483,648feet) Daanzhai M. NaNm (-2,147,483,648feet)
Extent:	Sichuan Basin
Namedfor:	Ziliujing District

The Ziliujing Formation is a geological formation in China, It is Early Jurassic in age. It is part of the stratigraphy of the Sichuan Basin. The dinosaur Gongxianosaurus and indeterminate theropod material are known from the Dongyuemiao Member of the formation, as well as dinosaur footprints, Zizhongosaurus and indeterminate prosauropods from the Da'anzhai Member.^[1] The basal sauropod Sanpasaurus is known from the Maanshan Member. An possible unnamed stegosaur and the pliosauroid plesiosaur Sinopliosaurus are also known from this formation but they were found an indeterminate member. An unnamed teleosaurid known from a complete skull has also been found in the formation, pending a formal description.^[2] The deposition environment during the Da'anzhai Member in the lower Toarcian is thought to have been that of a giant freshwater lake encompassing the whole of the Sichuan basin, around 3 times larger than Lake Superior, coeval with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event around 183 Ma.^[3] The Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary event (192.9 Ma) has been recorded on the top of the Dongyuemiao Member, while lower parts of this member are of Earliest Sinemurian age (around 199 Ma).^{[4] [5]}

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Paleofauna

Bivalves

Genus	Species	Location	Section	Material	Notes	Images
Acuneopsis^[6] ^[7]	A. luochengensis	Luocheng, Jianwei	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, considered a member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. Ecological indicator of shallow zone of the big fresh-water lake under a hot climate
Apseudocardinia	A. hupehensis	Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater clam, member of the family Pseudocardiniidae inside Trigoniida.
Cuneopsis	C. wanxianensis	Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county	Maanshan Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida.
Eolamprotula	L. (Eolamprotula) cremeri	Luocheng, Jianwei	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida.
Luochengella	L. luochengensis	Luocheng, Jianwei	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida.
Modiolus	M. yunnanensis M. sichuanensis	Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county	Maanshan Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Mytilidae inside Mytiloida.
Palaeunio	U. (Palaeunio) sichuanensis	Dakang, Zhongba	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida.
Palaeomargaritifera	M. (Palaeomargaritifera) qianweiensis	Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county	Maanshan Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Margaritiferidae inside Unionida.
Pseudocardinia	P. inflata P. ventricosa P. elliptica P. aff. yangziensis P. hupehensis P. angulata P. kweichouensis P. carinata	Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county	Maanshan Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater clam, member of the family Pseudocardiniidae inside Trigoniida.
Psilunio	P. thailandicus P. giganteus	Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county	Maanshan Member	Isolated Shells	A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida.

Phyllopods

Genus	Species	Location	Section	Material	Notes	Images
Euestheria	E. taniiformis E. changtanensis E. elegans E. elongata E. khinganensis E. orientalis E. shandanensis E. shandongensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Lioestheriinae.
Iliestheria	I. nilkaensis I. xinjiangensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Triglyptidae.
Lioestheria	L. shimamurai	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Lioestheriinae.
Loxomegaglypta	L. dafangensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Triglyptidae.
Loxomicroglypta	L. laohugouensis L. liaoxiensis L. kirgizica	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Triglyptidae.
Ovjurium	O. cf.ubsanuri O. yixianensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Ovjuridae.
Palaeolimnadia^[8]	P. baitianbaensis P. acuta P. baoxingensis P. chuanbeiensis P. dachaidanensis P. diannanensis P. dundugobica P. exiensis P. grandis P. guangyuanensis P. intermedia P. hubeiensis P. kangnaiensis P. lingguanensis P. longmenshanensis P. longyinensis P. parva P. menglaensis P. pengxianensis P. rhombica P. semicircularis P. sichuanensis P. subcircularis P. subtriangularis P. venusta P. xiaomeigouensis P. yangziensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Limnadiidae. The species Palaeolimnadia baitianbaensis represent the main member of its own fauna section, that comprises other 52 species of Phyllopods
Pseudolimnadia	P. reticulata P. weixinensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Limnadiidae.
Pseudestheria	P. cf. subovata P. tanii	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui	Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member	Valves	A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Lioestheriinae.

Fish

Genus	Species	Location	Section	Material	Notes	Images
Ceratodontiformes	Indeteminate	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao member	Partial and semicomplete specimens: SSGT L01-HY-661, SSGT L01-HY-654, SSGT THS2715, SSGT TXH132, SSGT THS2716.	Indeterminate or unnamed members this lungfish group
Ceratodus	C. szechuanensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Weiyuan, Szechuan	Maanshan Member	Isolated tooth plates	A freshwater Lungfish, type member of the Ceratodontidae inside Ceratodontiformes. Lungfish related with late jurassic genera of the same region
Ginglymodi	Indeteminate	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao member	Several complete specimens: SSGT JK062, SSGT L01-HY892, SSGT JK004	Indeterminate or unnamed members of this bony fish order
Hybodontiformes	Indeteminate	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao member	Dorsal fin-spine, SSGT L01-HY224 Tooth, SSGT TX01 Coprolites SSGT CQ-YF02, SSGT CQ-YF04, SSGT L01-HY1011, SSGT L01-HY283	Indeterminate or unnamed members of this Chondrichthyes group
Lepidotes^[9]	L. chunkingensis L. luchowensis L. minor	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province	Maanshan Member	Complete Specimens Isolated Scales Isolated Teeth	Bony Fish, considered a member of the family Lepidotidae. Currently the only identified Bony fish recovered in this unit, with resemblance with coeval European species. Unlike that ones, the local Lepidotes lived in Freshwater settings.
Ptycholepiformes	Indeteminate	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao member	Complete specimen, SSGT JK029	Indeterminate or unnamed members of this bony fish group
Teleostei	Indeteminate	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao member	Complete specimens, SSGT L01-HY269-2, SSGT L01-HY749, SSGT JXL1062	Indeterminate or unnamed members of this bony fish group

Plesiosaurs

Genus	Species	Location	Section	Material	Notes	Images
Bishanopliosaurus^[10]	B. youngi	Bishan county, sichuan province Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao Member	IVPP V 5869, an incomplete postcranial skeleton of a young individual Referred SSGT T035, SSGT C078, SSGT JHSY60	A plesiosaur, considered a member of the family Rhomaleosauridae. An unusual freshwater plesiosaur linked to the large Sichuan Lake system developed locally.^[11]
Sinopliosaurus	S. weiyuanensis	Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province	Maanshan Member	IVPP V.140, isolated remains IVPP V.229, V.157, several isolated remains	A plesiosaur, considered a member of the family Pliosauridae. Likely an invalid genus of freshwater pliosaur

Crocodylomorphs

Genus	Species	Location	Section	Material	Notes	Images
Teleosaurinae	Gen et sp. nov	Daxian, Szechuan	Dongyuemiao Member	IVPP V 10098, a complete skull	A teleosaur, considered a member of the family Teleosaurinae. An unusual freshwater teleosauroid, previously referred Peipehsuchus teleorhinus.^[13]
Teleosaurus?^[14]	T.? sp.	Tatsu, Chongqing	Dongyuemiao Member	Single scute	A teleosaur, considered a member of the family Teleosaurinae.

Dinosaurs

Genus	Species	Location	Section	Material	Notes	Images
Anomoepus	A. isp.	Yuanbaoqing tracksite, Guizhou Province	Maanshan Member	Footprints	Ornithischian footprints which resemble the pes of some neornithischians
Brontopodus	B. isp. Cf.B. isp.^[15]	Yuanbaoqing tracksite, Guizhou Province Gulin County, Sichuan Province Hejie tracksite, Sichuan Province	Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member	Footprints	Sauropod footprints which resemble the pes of some mamenchisaurids. Associated Brontopodus-like trackway with Liujianpus indicates that small and large sauropodomorphs may have co-existed.
Cetiosauridae	Indeterminate	Hulukou, Huangshiban, Sichuan Province Shiziling Tiefo, Sichuan Province	Daanzhai Member	IVPP V9070, desarticulated postcraneal skeleton Isolated dorsal vertebrae Tibia	A eusauropod related to the family Cetiosauridae; likely the oldest referred specimen to this family
Elaphrosaurinae?	Indeterminate	Kuantsaishan, Houchiatsun	Maanshan Member	IVPP V.138, Four vertebrae and a distal part of a metatarsus	Indeterminate remains of theropods with resemblance to the genus Elaphrosaurus, initially thought to be a member of Coeluridae.
Eubrontes^[16]	E. isp.	Gulin County, Sichuan Province	Daanzhai Member	Footprints	Theropod footprints of uncertain affinity, probably related to theropods such as Dilophosaurus
Gongxianosaurus^[17] ^[18]	G. shibeiensis G. sp.	Shibei Township, Gongxian County	Dongyuemiao Member	Four complete and incomplete skeletons are similar in both size and appearance A large number of scapula, dorsal vertebrae and ilium, and a complete caudal system with 51 centra	A sauropod that may represent a late-surviving basal member of the group. It has some features of both sauropods and sauropodomorphs, and may be regarded as an intermediate type in the evolution between both groups.
Grallator^[19] ^[20]	G. ssatoi G. isp.	Dongyuemiao tracksite, Sichuan Province Gulin County, Sichuan Province Hejie site, Sichuan Province Wuli site, Sichuan Province	Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member	Footprints	Theropod footprints of uncertain affinity. The Grallator relationships of these tracks are solid, as they don't display features of other ichnogenera found in the early Jurassic of the same region. Includes some of the smallest Grallator (and avian theropod) tracks ever described in the literature.^[21]
Liujianpus^[22]	L. shunan	Changhebian site, Sichuan Province Gulin County, Sichuan Province Hejie site, Sichuan Province Dazhuanwan site, Guizhou Province Yantan tracksite, Guizhou Province	Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member	Footprints	Sauropodomorph footprints, with features seen in the ichnogenus Otozum, as well as in the sauropod ichnogenus Brontopodus. This ichnogenus dominates all the track assemblages where it is found, with a presence of up the 97%.^[23]
Lufengosaurus?^[24]	L.? sp.	Liangshuijing, Zigong Weixin area, Yunnan Province	Daanzhai member	ZDM 0011: Damaged dentary with a tooth Uncertain Remains	A sauropodomorph; probably a member of the family Massospondylidae. One of the youngest non-sauropod sauropodomorphs discovered worldwide. It represents its own faunal section.
Mamenchisauridae^[25]	Indeterminate	Gulin County, Sichuan Province Shapingpa, Chongqing country Chinkangpei, Chongqing country Datienwan, Chongqing country Chongqing suburbs, Chongqing country	Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member	Associated Tibia, femur and isolated Phalages Several caudal vertebrae Dorsal vertebra Vertebra (caudal?)	An eusauropod, related to the family Mamenchisauridae; likely the oldest referred specimen to this family (Unless Tonganosaurus is a mamenchisaur)
Neotheropoda	Indeterminate	Shibei Township, Gongxian County	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated Teeth Isolated Vertebrae	Indeterminate remains of theropods, very common along Gongxianosaurus fossils.
Ornithischia	Indeterminate	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao member	Nearly complete left femur, SSGT L01-HY999	Indeterminate remains of possible ornithischians
Ornithopoda	Indeterminate	Hulukou, Huangshiban	Maanshan Member	Isolated Remains	Indeterminate remains of possible ornithischians
Parabrontopodus	P. isp.	Hejie tracksite, Zigong City	Maanshan Member	Footprints	Sauropod footprints. The narrow-gauge trackway pattern resembles Parabrontopodus, well known from the Jurassic, but other features, such as the low heteropody, are different
Qianlong^[26]	Q. shouhu	Zhuanpo, Pingba District	Zhenzhuchong Member	Three partial semi-articulated skeletons (GZPM VN001, 002, and 003) Five clutches of embryo-containing eggs	A sauropodomorph; the associated clutch provides strong evidence for the earliest known leathery eggs.
Sanpasaurus^[27]	S. yaoi	Weiyuan, Szechuan	Maanshan Member	IVPP V156A (IVPP V156 partim); Disarticulated middle-posterior dorsal vertebral series, consisting of three complete centra with partial neural arches. IVPP V156B; two centra from the dorsal vertebral series	A sauropod with uncertain affinities inside the group. Originally interpreted it as the remains of an ornithopod ornithischian.^[28]
"Shunosaurus"	"S." ziliujingensis	Loquanjing, Sichuan country	Maanshan Member	Uncatalogued Partial skeleton	A sauropod, referred to the family Shunosaurinae. Likely not Shunosaurus. It was described in the Zigong Museum Guide
Thyreophora?	Stegosauria? Indet. "Gen. indet. imperfectus"	Changshanling, Potzewan Kuantsaishan, Houchiatsun	Maanshan Member	IVPP V.219, four fragmnets of spines An anterior caudal vertebra, a distal end of a left femur, a left tibia, a right fibula, and right foot with a few elements missing	Indeterminate remains of possible thyrephorans. "Gen. indet. imperfectus" represents a large possible ornithischian or a sauropod that was originally assigned to Sanpasaurus
"Yibinosaurus"^[29]	"Y. zhoui"	Shibei Township, Gongxian County	Dongyuemiao Member	Partial disarticulated skeleton	An invalid genus of sauropod of uncertain affinities. "Yibinosaurus" is from the same locality as Gongxianosaurus, and Gongxianosaurus sp. nov. may be the "Yibinosaurus" material
Zizhongosaurus^[30]	Z. chuanchensis Z. huangshibanensis^[31]	Loquanjing, Sichuan country Huangshiban, Weiyuan County	Maanshan Member	A dorsal spine, a distal end of pubis and a fragmentary humerus Uncertain Remains	A sauropod, referred to the family Vulcanodontidae or Shunosaurinae. It builds its own faunal section, yet some authors view it as a nomen dubium.

Flora

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Anomozamites	Anomozamites cf. gracilis	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with the Bennettitales inside Bennettitopsida. Anomozamites is characterised by slender, (almost) completely and regularly segmented leaves whose leaflets are generally as long as broad or, at maximum, two times as long as broad. This genus is related with more arboreal Bennetitalean flora. Shows coriaceous leaves and is a genus linked more with dry climates.
Baiera^[32]	B. kidoi B. sp.	Badong-Lichuan Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Karkeniaceae inside Ginkgoales.
Cladophlebis	C. sp.	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Osmundaceae inside Osmundales. Lower vegetation members
Clathropteris	C. meniscioides C. platyphylla	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Dipteridaceae inside Polypodiales.
Coniopteris	C. cf. burejensis C. hymenophylloides C. murrayana	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Dicksoniaceae inside Cyatheales. Common cosmopolitan Mesozoic Tree fern genus.
Cycadites	C. sp. nov.	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Cycadales inside Cycadopsida.
Dictyophyllum	D. nathorsti D. nilssoni	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Dipteridaceae inside Polypodiales. Dictyophyllum is a common Dipteridacean genus of the mid-Mesozoic. Here is indicator of Toarcian age for the sedimnets
Equisetites^[33] ^[34] ^[35]	E. lateralis E. columnaris E. filus Equisetites sp.	Yangtze Gorges area Yuzhou Biota Hechuan, Chongqing	Dongyuemiao Member	Stems	Affinities with Equisetaceae inside Equisetales. Based on analogies with morphologically similar extant Equisetum species, it is interpreted to represent a plant of consistently moist habitats, such as marshes, lake margins or forest understorey, developed normally dense thickets.
Ferganiella	F. podozamiodes	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Krassiloviaceae inside Voltziales.
Ginkgoites	G. sp.	Badong-Lichuan	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Ginkgoaceae inside Ginkgoales.
Klukia	K. exilis	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Schizaeaceae inside Schizaeales. Grass Ferns
Nilssonia	N. xilinhotensis N. inouyei	Yuzhou Biota	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Nilssoniales within Cycadophyta or Bennettitales.
Otozamites	O. mixomorphus O. hsiangchiensis O. nalajingensis	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Williamsoniaceae inside Bennettitales. Insufficient and incomplete material prevents certain allocation to that species.
Phlebopteris	P. cf. polypodioides	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Matoniaceae inside Gleicheniales.
Podozamites	P. schenki P. lanceolatus	Badong-Lichuan	Dongyuemiao Member	Leaflets	Affinities with Krassiloviaceae inside Voltziales.
Stachypteris	S.? anomala	Yangtze Gorges area	Dongyuemiao Member	Isolated pinnae	Affinities with Schizaeaceae inside Schizaeales. Grass Ferns

See Also

• Blue Lias, England
• Charmouth Mudstone Formation, England
• Jurensismergel Formation, Germany
• Posidonia Shale, Germany
• Sorthat Formation, Denmark
• Hasle Formation, Denmark
• Zagaje Formation, Poland
• Drzewica Formation, Poland
• Ciechocinek Formation, Poland
• Borucice Formation, Poland
• Rotzo Formation, Italy
• Saltrio Formation, Italy
• Moltrasio Formation, Italy
• Marne di Monte Serrone, Italy
• Calcare di Sogno, Italy
• Podpeč Limestone, Slovenia
• Coimbra Formation, Portugal
• El Pedregal Formation, Spain
• Fernie Formation, Canada
• Whiteaves Formation, British Columbia
• Navajo Sandstone, Utah
• Yanan Formation, China
• Aganane Formation, Morocco
• Tafraout Group, Morocco
• Azilal Formation, Morocco
• Budoš Limestone, Montenegro
• Kota Formation, India
• Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Argentina
• Los Molles Formation, Argentina
• Kandreho Formation, Madagascar
• Elliot Formation, South Africa
• Clarens Formation, South Africa
• Evergreen Formation, Australia
• Cattamarra Coal Measures, Australia
• Hanson Formation, Antarctica
• Mawson Formation, Antarctica

Notes and References

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2. Johnson. Michela M.. Young. Mark T.. Brusatte. Stephen L.. 2020. The phylogenetics of Teleosauroidea (Crocodylomorpha, Thalattosuchia) and implications for their ecology and evolution. PeerJ. 8. e9808. 10.7717/peerj.9808. 33083104. 7548081 . free .
3. Xu. Weimu. Ruhl. Micha. Jenkyns. Hugh C.. Hesselbo. Stephen P.. Riding. James B.. Selby. David. Naafs. B. David A.. Weijers. Johan W. H.. Pancost. Richard D.. Tegelaar. Erik W.. Idiz. Erdem F.. February 2017. Carbon sequestration in an expanded lake system during the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event. Nature Geoscience. en. 10. 2. 129–134. 10.1038/ngeo2871. 2017NatGe..10..129X. 1752-0894. 10871/24965. free.
4. Franceschi . Marco . Jin . Xin . Shi . Zhiqiang . Chen . Bin . Preto . Nereo . Roghi . Guido . Corso . Jacopo Dal . Han . Lu . 2022-04-08 . High-resolution record of multiple organic carbon-isotope excursions in lacustrine deposits of Upper Sinemurian through Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) from the Sichuan Basin, China . GSA Bulletin . 135 . 1-2 . 3–17 . 10.1130/b36235.1 . 0016-7606. 11368/3029089 . free .
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