ZIL-157 explained

ZIL-157
Manufacturer:ZiL
Production:1958–1961 (mod. ЗИЛ-157)
1962–1978 (mod. ЗИЛ-157К)
1978–1994 (mod. ЗИЛ-157КД)
Assembly:Soviet Union: Moscow
Predecessor:ZIS-151
Successor:ZIL-131
Class:Truck
Layout:Front engine, 6×6
Engine:5.55 L ZIL-157, 104hp I6
Transmission:5-speed manual
Wheelbase:NaN1NaN1
Weight:5540kg (12,210lb)
Length:6.930NaN0
Width:2.320NaN0
Height:2.740NaN0

The ZIL-157 is a general-purpose -ton 6×6 truck, produced at the Likhachev plant in the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1977, when production was transferred to the Amur plant, since the Likhachev plant wanted to focus more on modern trucks, such as the ZIL-131 range. Nevertheless, production of the ZIL-157 trucks continued even after the fall of the Soviet Union, but eventually ended in 1994.

History

Some time after the start of serial production of the ZIS-151, the revision of the ZIS-151 began. The new project was given the title ZIS-157. By 1956, two prototypes had been produced, which had some technical innovations compared to the ZIS-151. This also included tires specially developed for this vehicle, which were particularly wear-resistant due to the use of several layers of material. The spare wheel was no longer mounted behind the driver's cab, but under the truck, which allowed the frame and thus the entire truck to be shortened. A tire pressure control system was also installed, which significantly improved off-road capability.[1]

Series production began on September 18, 1958 in Moscow. In the course of de-Stalinization, however, it was now renamed ZIL-157, as the plant was renamed in 1956 from "Zavod imeni Stalina" to "Zavod imeni Likhacheva". In the same year, the truck won an award at the World Expo in Brussels.[2]

In 1961, a new version was introduced. The ZIL-157K had a more powerful engine, which it inherited from the ZIL-131 as well as the rest of the powertrain. This model was built until the cessation of production in Moscow in 1978. From that point on, the Uralsky Avtomotorny Zavod (UAmZ) took over the production of the truck. Here it was reworked again and designated ZIL-157KD. The payload increased by 500 kg to five tons, and three tons of cargo could still be transported off-road. Production officially continued until 1992, with vehicles still being assembled from existing parts until 1994. A total of 797,934 ZIL-157 trucks were produced by both manufacturers in 36 years of construction.[3]

The ZIL-157 truck, like its predecessors, was mostly intended for use by the Red Army,[4] but a number was also made for the civilain sector and for export; it was also popular with forestry companies,[5] and was thus also used as a log truck, specifically in the ZIL-157V tractor trailer version.

In the Soviet Union, the vehicle received several nicknames from the population, including "Crocodile" because of the long bonnet and characteristic radiator grille.[6]

Variants

Operators

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Website with detailed vehicle history, technical data and modifications (Russian) . 9 April 2024.
  2. Web site: Website with detailed vehicle history, technical data and modifications (Russian) . 9 April 2024.
  3. Web site: Website with detailed vehicle history, technical data and modifications (Russian) . 9 April 2024.
  4. Web site: ЗИЛ-157 . 23 August 2021.
  5. Web site: ЗИЛ-157 . 23 August 2021.
  6. Web site: Website about the ZIL-157, including historical photographs and various nicknames (Russian) . 9 April 2024.
  7. ЗИЛ-157КД // Краткий автомобильный справочник НИИАТ. 10-е изд., пер. и доп. М., "Транспорт", 1983. стр.70
  8. подполковник-инженер В. Перлин. Автомобиль ЗИЛ-157КД // "Техника и вооружение", № 6. 1982. стр.9
  9. ЗИЛ-157КДВ // Краткий автомобильный справочник НИИАТ. 10-е изд., пер. и доп. М., "Транспорт", 1983. стр.77-78
  10. К. Янбеков. Колесные мостоукладчики ЛКМ и КММ // журнал "Техника и вооружение", № 7, июль 2019. стр.16-21
  11. Web site: Mitzer . Stijn . Oliemans . Joost . The North Korea Of Europe: Listing Socialist Albania's Military Equipment . Oryx . 28 January 2024 . 21 March 2023.
  12. Web site: "LIST OF COVER OUTER VARIOUS SIZES FOR DIFFERENT VEH (13-LINE ITEMS), QTY-1548 NOS/SETS" . . 22 February 2021 . . 3 August 2023.
  13. Web site: Mobilisti koeajaa: ZIL 157 . 30 November 2022.
  14. Book: . The Iraqi Army: Organization and Tactics . 1 January 1991 . Paladin Press . 978-0-87364-632-1 . 178 . English.
  15. Book: Marine Corps Intelligence Activity . North Korea Country Handbook . 1997 . MCIA . Quantico, VA . A-126 . 28 January 2024 . en . Marine Corps Intelligence Activity .
  16. Web site: Mitzer . Stijn . Oliemans . Joost . Fighting Attrition: A Look Inside a Damascus Armour Repair Facility . Oryx . 23 November 2020 . 4 February 2024.
  17. Web site: Janovsky . Jakub . naalsio26 . Aloha . Dan . Kemal . Black . Alexander . Attack On Europe: Documenting Ukrainian Equipment Losses During The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine . Oryx . 28 January 2024.

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