| Official Name: | Zhitnitsa |
| Native Name: | Житница |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Provinces (Oblast) |
| Timezone: | EET |
| Utc Offset: | +2 |
| Timezone Dst: | EEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +3 |
| Pushpin Map: | Bulgaria |
| Pushpin Label Position: | left |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Zhitnitsa |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal Code |
| Subdivision Name1: | Plovdiv |
| Population Total: | 1,474 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Elevation M: | 232 |
| Postal Code: | 4172 |
| Area Code: | 031703 |
| Coordinates: | 42.3667°N 66°W |
| Leader Name: | Tsetska Yotova |
Zhitnitsa (Bulgarian: Житница, "granary") is a village in central southern Bulgaria, part of Kaloyanovo Municipality, Plovdiv Province. Zhitnitsa is mostly inhabited by Roman Catholic Bulgarians, descendants of medieval Paulicians. It lies 30km (20miles) north of Plovdiv and 5km (03miles) from the municipal centre Kaloyanovo.
Ottoman sources from the 17th century refer to an early sixteenth-century village in the approximate area by the name of Anbarli, province Göpsi, which may be a reference to Zhitnitsa.[1] Until 1934, the village was known as Hambarlii,[2] a possible cognate to Anbarli. In any case, Zhitnitsa appears to have been founded no later than 1646, during the Ottoman rule of Bulgaria, as a Turkish-owned farm. The farm was manned and worked by Bulgarian Paulicians from Sopot and Kalabrovo, who settled in the vicinity and established the village. According to an 18th-century report by papal missionary Nikola Radovani, the village had 54 houses inhabited by 341 Catholics, though an Eastern Orthodox population was also present. The construction of the first Roman Catholic church in the village commenced in 1874 under Capuchin father Ernesto. The current Gothic Revival church was built in 1922–1923.[3]
Notable natives include weightlifter and 2004 Olympic gold medalist Milen Dobrev (b. 1980) and footballer Atanas Bornosuzov (b. 1979).