| Yoshinobu Shimamura | |
| Native Name Lang: | ja |
| Office: | Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries |
| Primeminister: | Junichiro Koizumi |
| Term Start: | 27 September 2004 |
| Term End: | 8 August 2005 |
| Predecessor: | Yoshiyuki Kamei |
| Successor: | Mineichi Iwanaga Junichiro Koizumi (acting) |
| Primeminister1: | Ryutaro Hashimoto |
| Term Start1: | 26 September 1997 |
| Term End1: | 30 July 1998 |
| Predecessor1: | Ihei Ochi |
| Successor1: | Shoichi Nakagawa |
| Office2: | Minister of Education |
| Primeminister2: | Tomiichi Murayama |
| Term Start2: | 8 August 1995 |
| Term End2: | 11 January 1996 |
| Predecessor2: | Kaoru Yosano |
| Successor2: | Mikio Okuda |
| Office3: | Member of the House of Representatives |
| Constituency3: | Tokyo 16th |
| Term Start3: | 10 November 2003 |
| Term End3: | 21 July 2009 |
| Predecessor3: | Yoshio Udagawa |
| Successor3: | Akihiro Hatsushika |
| Constituency4: | Tokyo 10th (1980–1996) Tokyo 16th (1996–2000) |
| Term Start4: | 23 June 1980 |
| Term End4: | 2 June 2000 |
| Predecessor4: | Multi-member district |
| Successor4: | Yoshio Udagawa |
| Constituency5: | Tokyo 10th |
| Term Start5: | 10 December 1976 |
| Term End5: | 7 September 1979 |
| Birth Date: | 27 March 1934 |
| Birth Place: | Edogawa, Tokyo, Japan |
| Party: | Liberal Democratic |
| Alma Mater: | Gakushuin University |
is a Japanese politician.
Born in Edogawa, Tokyo, he graduated from the Faculty of Politics & Economics at Gakushuin University in 1956 and then entered ENEOS, a Japanese oil company. He also worked as an aide to the Head of the Defense Agency until running successfully for the House of Representatives in 1976 as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.
He served as the Minister of Education for Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama in 1995, a Socialist administration. He was appointed the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 1997 and served in that position until 2000 when he was defeated in his reelection campaign. He ran again in 2003 and was elected, and was once again appointed the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 2004 by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi.
He opposed the Prime Minister's motion to dissolve the House of Representatives following the defeat of the government's postal privatization bill and was forced to resign in August 2005, prior to the 2005 Japanese general election.