| Yechiel Michel | |
| Honorific-Suffix: | of Zloczow |
| Honorific-Prefix: | Rabbi |
| Yahrtzeit: | 25 Elul |
| Synagogue: | In Zloczow |
| Birth Date: | 1725/1726 |
| Birth Place: | Brody, Galicia |
| Death Date: | 15 September 1781 |
| Buried: | Ohel of the Righteous, Yampil, Poland-Lithuania |
| Death Place: | Yampil, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
| Dynasty: | Zlotshov |
Rabbi Yechiel Michel of Zloczow (1725/1726 – 15 September 1781), known as The Maggid of Zloczow, was one of the disciples of the Baal Shem Tov and the Maggid of Mezeritch.[1]
Yechiel was born in Brody (modern-day Ukraine) in 1726.[2] His father, Rabbi, initially opposed the teachings of the Baal Shem Tov, but later became a fan of his and sent Yechiel to study with him. On his father's side, he was attributed to a large family of rabbis and tzaddikim.[3] His grandfather was rabbi Yosef Safravidliwer, rabbi of . His great-grandfather was Rabbi Moshe of Swierz. He was the brother of Rabbi Yosef Drobitzer, Avdak of Azebuz. He married Sarah Rakhil.
After the death of the Besht, he began to lead a congregation in Israel, and also visited the Maggid many times. He excelled in leadership with holiness and celibacy, especially in keeping the covenant. He was gifted with incredible preaching talent, and his reputation grew as a storyteller.[4] He became the Maggid Misharim in the communities of Brody, Kalk, Zloczow, and Yampol.[5] He used to pray late into the night and claimed that like the tribe of Dan that marched to the end of Israel and collected their losses, he collected all his prayers that were unintentional and brang them to their source.[6] He was a spiritual rabbi who spent much time on Kabbalah.[7]
In the final years of his life, Yechiel gained wealth and said that it expanded his mind to serve God. He served as Maggid in Zloczow until his death on the 25th of Elul, and was buried in Yampil.[8]
Yechiel did not write any books of his own, but his progeny and pupils often quotes sayings of his in their books.[9] Years later, Rabbi published a collection of his sayings called "Many Waters" (מים רבים).[10] Among his disciples were:
Rabbi Yechiel composed a number of melodies during his time as Rabbi. His most famous melody was "Awakening Many Mercies" (התעוררות רחמים רבים). Hasidic tradition states that at the time of his death, the Baal Shem Tov asked his disciples to sing the melody, and at the end promised that every person who joined in song would feel a feelling of repentance at any time, and that he would join in singing in his soul and arouse a great mercy on him before God.
Motifs from the melody were inicluded in Ernest Bloch's second movement of Mélodie. In 2013, a CD titled "Many Mercies" (רחמים רבים) was released, with ten melodies on the track being attributed in tradition to Yechiel.
Yechiel and his wife Sarah Rakhil had one daughter and five sons, of whom the community used to say: "Five cedars, good plantings which he planted and blossomed all over the world, which are said to be paired to the five books of the Torah."[11]
His father was Rabbi, a disciple of the Besht. Yitzhak's father was Rabbi Yosef of Pistyn, nicknamed "Rabbi Yosef Ish Emet". Yitzhak's mother was a Yanta, nicknamed "Yanta the Prophet". Yosef's father was Rabbi Moshe of .
According to family tradition, Yechiel was the scion of a privileged Galicianer family which lived and worked in the town of Brody and its shtetls. The beginning of the dynasty is attributed to Rabbi Yitzchak Hayut (1538 – 1610), whose families supposedly descends from Rashi and King David. The veracity of these claims are not currently verified.[12]