Yann Kersalé Explained

Yann Kersalé (born 17 February 1955) is a French conceptual artist who works with light. His studio is in Vincennes.

Life and career

Kersalé was born in Boulogne-Billancourt,^[1] a suburb of Paris, and spent part of his childhood in the Breton port town of Douarnenez.^[2] He graduated from the École des Beaux-Arts in Quimper in 1978.^{[2] [3]} Beginning in 1984 at the Société métallurgique in Caen,^[2] he has produced architectural illuminations of both natural environments and buildings that have given rise to a school of modern French light art.^[4] He has worked with Helmut Jahn on the Sony Center in Berlin and the Bangkok and Chicago O'Hare airports and with Jean Nouvel on the Lyon Opera House, the Torre Agbar in Barcelona, the Musée du quai Branly, the Philharmonie concert hall in Paris, and the Abu Dhabi branch of the Louvre Museum. He has also been commissioned to design projects for numerous cities, including Nantes, Rennes, Saint-Nazaire, Le Havre, Cherbourg, Bordeaux, and Montpellier in France and Bangkok, Quebec City, Frankfurt, Berlin, Las Vegas, Washington, DC, Lisbon, Brussels, and St Petersburg in other countries.^{[5] [6]} In 2007 alone, he worked in Luxembourg, Paris, and Korea.^[5]

He has also produced an interior lighting scheme for the Francilien commuter trains,^{[7] [8]} and in 2010 the Jallum lighting units for Baccarat, rechargeable and dimmable LED lights in cut crystal cylinders on anodised aluminium bases for indoor or outdoor use.^{[9] [10] [11]}

Artistic philosophy

Kersalé rejects the label of either architect or light artist, preferring that of "project artist".^[12] He has chosen the night, "the locus of choice of what is perceived", to create "luminous fictions, a narrative work on the spirit and memory of cities." However, he "fights ceaselessly against artificial lighting that kills authentic nocturnality and masks the sky", which has led him to create innovative new forms of illumination.^[13] In 2011, a reviewer in Le Figaro called him "a passionate fan of chiaroscuro" who loves to plunge viewers into an "abyss" of total darkness to maximise their perception of the surprising narrative fantasies he constructs with light.^[14]

He regards his work for cities as a form of urban renewal, reclaiming areas where people can stroll safely at night, and saving industrial artifacts that might otherwise be destroyed.^[6] For example, his lighting of the boat lifts at Thieu, Belgium, led to their preservation and the creation of a tourist promenade,^[15] and his project at the submarine base in Saint-Nazaire transformed a liability that was to have been demolished into a civic asset.^[16] The base is now a cultural centre with shops and a museum, and Barcelona architect Manuel de Solà-Morales redesigned the surrounding area.^[17]

Selected works

Temporary installations

• Le songe est de rigueur, Pointe de la Torche, Finistère, 1986. Computerised projection of light patterns on the ocean in response to "the movements of the tides, the currents, the wind and so forth" against "a set of stranded, wide-eyed, steel megaliths".^{[18] [19]} Kersalé describes it in an interview as intended as "a kind of encephalogram of the sea".^[7] It was filmed by Henri Alekan under the subtitle Structures de lumière.^[20]
• Irréversibles lumières, Grand Palais, Paris, 1987. Blue fluorescent lighting inside the glass dome waxing and waning forty times a minute to produce the effect of a beating heart or a respiring lung,^{[21] [22]} while the metal framing the glass was picked out in white.
• Convergence, Grand Place, Brussels, 2008. Illumination as part of the European Cultural Season, organised by invitation by the French government, using 2,209 LED modules (106,032 LEDs) to produce an inverted dome of lights over the square, to transform it into "an immense open-roofed ballroom".^{[23] [24] [25]}

Permanent installations

• Nuit des docks, Saint-Nazaire, 1991. Night-time illumination of the docks, including a submarine base, in bright colours determined by analysis of the activity during the day.^[2] The project, commissioned by the mayor, transformed the ugly military installation and site of unpleasant memories, which had been slated for demolition, into a civic asset. Kersalé cited a grandmother saying, "I would never have been able to imagine such a beautiful thing from such a horror."^[26]
• In Out, Sony Center, Berlin, 2000. Illumination of the atrium roof in a series of simulated sunsets approximately 21 seconds in duration from sunset to midnight; during the rest of the night the lighting is dark blue, except for bright white light preceding sunrise and also preceding sunset.^{[27] [28] [29]}
• Diffraction, Torre Agbar, Barcelona, 2005. Exterior illumination of the office tower built by Jean Nouvel causes it to "glow at night as a colorful monolith".^[30] Lighting patterns are created by 4,500 panels each containing 18 LEDs, which can create 255 degrees of intensity and over 16 million hues, each panel independently controlled by a computer responding to 20,000 inputs including weather conditions and building systems.^[31] The tower "vibrates in a play of primary and complementary colours."^[32] Kersalé has described the lighting as "a vaporous cloud of colour that seeks moiré".^[33] The lighting is installed between the building's façade and its glass skin; the lighted windows of people still at work contribute to the effect.^[6]
• L'Ô, Musée du quai Branly, Paris, 2006: with Jean Nouvel and landscape architect Gilles Clément. A 'lake' of 1,600 translucent rods that change colour between white and deep turquoise in response to the temperature recorded at a weather station are planted among the grasses and reeds in the museum gardens. The project title is a pun on l'eau, water, in reference to the primordial currents that lie beneath all human cultures; the museum houses indigenous art from all over the world.^[6]
• L'amorse du bleu, Avenue Jean Médecin, Nice, 2008. Blue diodes in the form of Morse code strung over the avenue; one of the 15 public art commissions, L'Art dans la ville, awarded by competition in 2004 in association with the construction of the Nice tramway.^[34] Kersalé's intent was "to create a vault of calm blue suspended in the air, in opposition to the density of the activity on the ground".^{[35] [36]}

Notes

1. Some sources, for example the biography in L'Art dans la ville: avec le tramway Nice – Côte d'Azur, Communauté Nice-Côte d'Azur, cached 27 April 2008 (pdf) p. 24, state his birthplace as Paris.
2. "Yann Kersalé, un sculpteur de lumière", Nuits des docks, Services aux habitants, Saint-Nazaire-sur-Mer, cached 27 April 2008
3. Julia Schulz-Dornburg, Arte y Arquitectura: Nuevas Afinidades / Art and Architecture: New Affinities, Barcelona: GG, 2000,, p. 143.
4. "The French light touch", designer profile, mondiale.co.uk, review of Vincent Laganier, Lumières architecturales en France, Paris: AS, 2004, cached 27 April 2008
5. L'Art dans la ville: avec le tramway Nice – Côte d'Azur, Communauté Nice-Côte d'Azur, cached 27 April 2008 (pdf) p. 24
6. Véronique Vienne, "Reclaiming the Night: Yann Kersalé’s nocturnal illuminations have helped revitalize cities, parks, public spaces, and buildings all over Europe", Metropolis, 17 December 2008.
7. Electron Libre Productions, Portrait of Yann Kersalé, France 24, 11 February 2010 (video)
8. http://www.iledefrance.fr/lactualite/transports/yann-kersale-soigne-les-eclairages-du-francilien/ Yann Kersalé soigne les éclairages du Francilien
9. Pilar Viladas, "Milan Report: Baccarat Times Two", New York Times magazine blogs, 19 April 2011.
10. http://www.architonic.com/pmsht/jallum-baccarat/1146621 Jallum of Baccarat
11. Jaime, Jallum by Yann Kersalé for Baccarat, DesignMilk, 8 October 2010.
12. Christian Werner Thomsen, tr. John William Gabriel, Visionary Architecture: From Babylon to Virtual Reality, Munich/New York: Prestel, 1994,, p. 185.
13. L'Art dans la ville, p. 24: "Yann Kersalé choisit la nuit, lieu d'élection du sensible . . . . [I]l crée des fictions lumineuses, travail narratif sur l'âme et la mémoire des villes. Il n'a de cesse de lutter contre les lumières artificielles qui tuent le nocturne authentique et masquent le ciel, inventant ainsi de nouveaux concepts d'eclairage."
14. Sophie De Santis, Yann Kersalé, sept fois plus à l'ouest," Le Figaro, 7 November 2011: "Yann Kersalé, architecte de la lumière, aime ce genre de mise en abîme. Cette plongée dans le noir complet, pour mieux discerner les contours de ses fantasmagories éclairées, entraîne le visiteur dans une fiction pleine de rebondissements. . . . On est immergé dans l'univers à la fois minéral et numérique d'un passionné de clair-obscur."
15. Ariella Masboungi, "Penser la ville par la lumière", Ministère de la Région Wallonne, Les Cahiers de l'urbanisme 59/60, June 2006, Lumière—Couleur, pp. 12–19, pp. 16, 17
16. Masboungi, p. 18.
17. Matthew Saltmarsh, "Cruise Ships, and Sarkozy, Rescue Shipyard, for Now", The New York Times, 29 October 2010.
18. Artforum international 33 (1995) p. 213.
19. Jahrbuch für Licht und Architektur (1993) p. 13.
20. Films and Filming 1987, p. 22.
21. Dietrich Neumann, "Architectural Illumination since World War II", in Architecture of the Night: The Illuminated Building, ed. Dietrich Neumann, Munich/New York: Prestel, 2002,, pp. 78–86, p. 82.
22. Bernard Marrey, Le Grand Palais: sa construction, son histoire, Librairie de l'architecture et de la ville, Paris: Picard, 2006,, p. 114
23. http://www.bruxelles.be/dwnld/50019307/081010%20-%20Dossier%20Kersal%C3%A9%20FR.pdf Yann Kersalé: Convergence
24. http://www.bruxelles.be/artdet.cfm/4971 Grand-Place. Convergence de Yann Kersalé
25. http://www.lalibre.be/actu/bruxelles/article/453023/arret-sur-image-la-grand-place-s-est-illuminee-hier-soir.html "Arrêt sur image La Grand-Place s'est illuminée hier soir "
26. Masboungi, pp. 13, 18: "Jamais je n'aurais pu imaginer une aussi belle chose avec une horreur pareille."
27. "Selected Projects," Architecture of the Night, pp. 226–27.
28. Dietrich Neumann, "Leuchtende Bauten—Architekturen der Nacht" / "Luminous Buildings—Architectures of the Night," in Leuchtende Bauten: Architektur der Nacht / Luminous Buildings: Architecture of the Night, eds. Marion Ackermann and Dietrich Neumann, Kunstmuseum Stuttgart, Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz / Maidstone: Amalgamated Book Services, 2006,, pp. 16–21, 24–29, pp. 18–19, 26.
29. Jürgen Knirsch, Stadtplätze: Architektur und Freiraumplanung, Leinfelden-Echterdingen: Koch, 2004,, p. 101
30. Neumann, "Leuchtende Bauten—Architekturen der Nacht" / "Luminous Buildings—Architectures of the Night," pp. 19, 26.
31. http://www.factoriaurbana.com/ciudades/edificios.php?id=3&ciudadd=Barcelona Torre Agbar
32. Christian Simenc, Yann Kersalé—Le siège des lumières," L'Oeil May 2008, Artclair.com (broken link)
33. http://www.origindesignstudio.co.uk/blog/world-architecture-barcelona-part-1.html Barcelona Part 1: 2. Torre Agbar
34. L'Art dans la ville, pp. 4, 6, 23.
35. "La volonté de Yann Kersalé est de créer une voûte de calme bleu suspendue dans les airs, en opposition à la densité des trafics au sol": "L'amorse du bleu", L'art dans la ville—Les œuvres de la nuit, Communauté d'Agglomération Nice Côte d'Azur, archived 2 May 2008
36. L'Art dans la ville, p. 23.

Sources

Works by Yann Kersalé

• Yann Kersalé. Paris: Gallimard, 2008.
• Manière Noire: Géopoétique du paysage. Paris: Une & l'autre, 2008.
• Lumière matière. DVD, 80 mins. Ecole centrale des arts et manufactures (Châtenay-Malabry, Hauts-de-Seine) Atelier audiovisuel, 2009.

Works by others

• Jean-Louis Pradel. Yann Kersalé: Lumière matière. Collection Archipels. Paris: BaS, 1990.
• Philippe Curval. Yann Kersalé. In association with the exhibit "Expédition Lumière", 27 April – 10 July 1994 at Espace Electra. Monotypes. [Paris]: Hazan, 1994.
• Philippe Curval with Yann Kersalé. Yann Kersalé: Expéditions lumière / Light Expeditions. Catalogue. Paris: Enrico Navarra Gallery, 1995.
• Jean-Paul Curnier, Henri-Pierre Jeudy, Monique Sicard and Eric Germain, with translations by Jean-Hugues de Vandière. Yann Kersalé: Light for Landmarks / Structures lumière. Paris: Norma, 2003.
• Vincent Laganier. Lumières architecturales en France. Scéno +. Paris: AS, 2004.
• John Rockwell. "Paris After Sundown: With Gallic Subtlety, Even More Light". New York Times. 5 September 1994.

External links

• List of projects at Archiguide.com
• Biography and list of projects to 2006, Musée du quai Branly (pdf)
• Yann Kersalé: Jardin de cristal, interview at Baccarat Highlights