Y box binding protein 1 explained

Y box binding protein 1 also known as Y-box transcription factor or nuclease-sensitive element-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YBX1 gene.^[1] YBX1 is an RNA binding protein^[2] that stabilises messenger RNAs modified with N6-methyladenosine.^[3]

Clinical significance

YBX1 is a potential drug target in cancer therapy.^[4] YB-1 helps the replication of adenovirus type 5, a commonly used vector in gene therapy.^[4] Thus, YB-1 can cause an "oncolytic" effect in YB-1 positive cancer cells treated with adenoviruses.

Interactions

Y box binding protein 1 has been shown to interact with:

• ANKRD2,^[5]
• CTCF,^[6]
• P53,^{[5] [7]}
• PCNA,^[8]
• RBBP6,^[9] and
• SFRS9.^[10]

Further reading

• Kolluri R, Torrey TA, Kinniburgh AJ . A CT promoter element binding protein: definition of a double-strand and a novel single-strand DNA binding motif . Nucleic Acids Research . 20 . 1 . 111–116 . January 1992 . 1738588 . 5356827 . 10.1093/nar/20.1.111 .
• Kolluri R, Kinniburgh AJ . Full length cDNA sequence encoding a nuclease-sensitive element DNA binding protein . Nucleic Acids Research . 19 . 17 . 4771 . September 1991 . 1891370 . 328725 . 10.1093/nar/19.17.4771 .
• Sakura H, Maekawa T, Imamoto F, Yasuda K, Ishii S . Two human genes isolated by a novel method encode DNA-binding proteins containing a common region of homology . Gene . 73 . 2 . 499–507 . December 1988 . 2977358 . 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90514-8 .
• Didier DK, Schiffenbauer J, Woulfe SL, Zacheis M, Schwartz BD . Characterization of the cDNA encoding a protein binding to the major histocompatibility complex class II Y box . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 85 . 19 . 7322–7326 . October 1988 . 3174636 . 282178 . 10.1073/pnas.85.19.7322 . free . 1988PNAS...85.7322D .
• Kudo S, Mattei MG, Fukuda M . Characterization of the gene for dbpA, a family member of the nucleic-acid-binding proteins containing a cold-shock domain . European Journal of Biochemistry . 231 . 1 . 72–82 . July 1995 . 7628487 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20672.x .
• Lloberas J, Maki RA, Celada A . Repression of major histocompatibility complex I-A beta gene expression by dbpA and dbpB (mYB-1) proteins . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 15 . 9 . 5092–5099 . September 1995 . 7651426 . 230756 . 10.1128/mcb.15.9.5092 .
• Chen NN, Chang CF, Gallia GL, Kerr DA, Johnson EM, Krachmarov CP, Barr SM, Frisque RJ, Bollag B, Khalili K . Cooperative action of cellular proteins YB-1 and Pur alpha with the tumor antigen of the human JC polyomavirus determines their interaction with the viral lytic control element . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 92 . 4 . 1087–1091 . February 1995 . 7862639 . 42642 . 10.1073/pnas.92.4.1087 . free . 1995PNAS...92.1087C .
• Horwitz EM, Maloney KA, Ley TJ . A human protein containing a "cold shock" domain binds specifically to H-DNA upstream from the human gamma-globin genes . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 19 . 14130–14139 . May 1994 . 8188694 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36764-9 . free .
• Kashanchi F, Duvall JF, Dittmer J, Mireskandari A, Reid RL, Gitlin SD, Brady JN . Involvement of transcription factor YB-1 in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I basal gene expression . Journal of Virology . 68 . 1 . 561–565 . January 1994 . 8254772 . 236322 . 10.1128/JVI.68.1.561-565.1994 .
• Makino Y, Ohga T, Toh S, Koike K, Okumura K, Wada M, Kuwano M, Kohno K . Structural and functional analysis of the human Y-box binding protein (YB-1) gene promoter . Nucleic Acids Research . 24 . 10 . 1873–1878 . May 1996 . 8657568 . 145870 . 10.1093/nar/24.10.1873 .
• Funke B, Zuleger B, Benavente R, Schuster T, Goller M, Stévenin J, Horak I . The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins . Nucleic Acids Research . 24 . 19 . 3821–3828 . October 1996 . 8871564 . 146158 . 10.1093/nar/24.19.3821 .
• Koike K, Uchiumi T, Ohga T, Toh S, Wada M, Kohno K, Kuwano M . Nuclear translocation of the Y-box binding protein by ultraviolet irradiation . FEBS Letters . 417 . 3 . 390–394 . November 1997 . 9409758 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01296-9 . 24656107 . free . 1997FEBSL.417..390K .
• Toh S, Nakamura T, Ohga T, Koike K, Uchiumi T, Wada M, Kuwano M, Kohno K . Genomic organization of the human Y-box protein (YB-1) gene . Gene . 206 . 1 . 93–97 . January 1998 . 9461420 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00570-2 .
• Sawaya BE, Khalili K, Amini S . Transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) promoter in central nervous system cells: effect of YB-1 on expression of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat . The Journal of General Virology . 79 (Pt 2) . 2 . 239–246 . February 1998 . 9472608 . 10.1099/0022-1317-79-2-239 . 79 . free .
• Mertens PR, Alfonso-Jaume MA, Steinmann K, Lovett DH . A synergistic interaction of transcription factors AP2 and YB-1 regulates gelatinase A enhancer-dependent transcription . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 273 . 49 . 32957–32965 . December 1998 . 9830047 . 10.1074/jbc.273.49.32957 . free .
• Ise T, Nagatani G, Imamura T, Kato K, Takano H, Nomoto M, Izumi H, Ohmori H, Okamoto T, Ohga T, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Kohno K . Transcription factor Y-box binding protein 1 binds preferentially to cisplatin-modified DNA and interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen . Cancer Research . 59 . 2 . 342–346 . January 1999 . 9927044 .
• Safak M, Gallia GL, Khalili K . Reciprocal interaction between two cellular proteins, Puralpha and YB-1, modulates transcriptional activity of JCVCY in glial cells . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 19 . 4 . 2712–2723 . April 1999 . 10082537 . 84064 . 10.1128/mcb.19.4.2712 .
• Kelm RJ, Cogan JG, Elder PK, Strauch AR, Getz MJ . Molecular interactions between single-stranded DNA-binding proteins associated with an essential MCAT element in the mouse smooth muscle alpha-actin promoter . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 20 . 14238–14245 . May 1999 . 10318844 . 10.1074/jbc.274.20.14238 . free .
• Safak M, Gallia GL, Ansari SA, Khalili K . Physical and functional interaction between the Y-box binding protein YB-1 and human polyomavirus JC virus large T antigen . Journal of Virology . 73 . 12 . 10146–10157 . December 1999 . 10559330 . 113067 . 10.1128/JVI.73.12.10146-10157.1999 .
• Ansari SA, Safak M, Gallia GL, Sawaya BE, Amini S, Khalili K . Interaction of YB-1 with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat and TAR RNA modulates viral promoter activity . The Journal of General Virology . 80 (Pt 10) . 10 . 2629–2638 . October 1999 . 10573156 . 10.1099/0022-1317-80-10-2629 . 80 . free .
• Basaki Y, Hosoi F, Oda Y, Fotovati A, Maruyama Y, Oie S, Ono M, Izumi H, Kohno K, Sakai K, Shimoyama T, Nishio K, Kuwano M . Akt-dependent nuclear localization of Y-box-binding protein 1 in acquisition of malignant characteristics by human ovarian cancer cells . Oncogene . 26 . 19 . 2736–2746 . April 2007 . 17072343 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1210084 . free .

Notes and References

1. YBX1 Y-box binding protein 1
2. Kwon E, Todorova K, Wang J, Horos R, Lee KK, Neel VA, Negri GL, Sorensen PH, Lee SW, Hentze MW, Mandinova A . The RNA-binding protein YBX1 regulates epidermal progenitors at a posttranscriptional level . Nature Communications . 9 . 1 . 1734 . April 2018 . 29712925 . 5928080 . 10.1038/s41467-018-04092-0 . 2018NatCo...9.1734K .
3. Feng M, Xie X, Han G, Zhang T, Li Y, Li Y, Yin R, Wang Q, Zhang T, Wang P, Hu J, Cheng Y, Gao Z, Wang J, Chang J, Cui M, Gao K, Chai J, Liu W, Guo C, Li S, Liu L, Zhou F, Chen J, Zhang H . YBX1 is required for maintaining myeloid leukemia cell survival by regulating BCL2 stability in an m6A-dependent manner . Blood . 138 . 1 . 71–85 . July 2021 . 33763698 . 8667054 . 10.1182/blood.2020009676 .
4. Lage H, Surowiak P, Holm PS . [YB-1 as a potential target in cancer therapy] . de . Der Pathologe . 29 . Suppl 2 . 187–190 . November 2008 . 18773210 . 10.1007/s00292-008-1030-2 . free .
5. Kojic S, Medeot E, Guccione E, Krmac H, Zara I, Martinelli V, Valle G, Faulkner G . The Ankrd2 protein, a link between the sarcomere and the nucleus in skeletal muscle . Journal of Molecular Biology . 339 . 2 . 313–325 . May 2004 . 15136035 . 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.03.071 .
6. Chernukhin IV, Shamsuddin S, Robinson AF, Carne AF, Paul A, El-Kady AI, Lobanenkov VV, Klenova EM . Physical and functional interaction between two pluripotent proteins, the Y-box DNA/RNA-binding factor, YB-1, and the multivalent zinc finger factor, CTCF . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 275 . 38 . 29915–29921 . September 2000 . 10906122 . 10.1074/jbc.M001538200 . free .
7. Okamoto T, Izumi H, Imamura T, Takano H, Ise T, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Kohno K . Direct interaction of p53 with the Y-box binding protein, YB-1: a mechanism for regulation of human gene expression . Oncogene . 19 . 54 . 6194–6202 . December 2000 . 11175333 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1204029 . free .
8. Ise T, Nagatani G, Imamura T, Kato K, Takano H, Nomoto M, Izumi H, Ohmori H, Okamoto T, Ohga T, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Kohno K . Transcription factor Y-box binding protein 1 binds preferentially to cisplatin-modified DNA and interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen . Cancer Research . 59 . 2 . 342–346 . January 1999 . 9927044 .
9. Chibi M, Meyer M, Skepu A, G Rees DJ, Moolman-Smook JC, Pugh DJ . RBBP6 interacts with multifunctional protein YB-1 through its RING finger domain, leading to ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation of YB-1 . Journal of Molecular Biology . 384 . 4 . 908–916 . December 2008 . 18851979 . 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.09.060 .
10. Raffetseder U, Frye B, Rauen T, Jürchott K, Royer HD, Jansen PL, Mertens PR . Splicing factor SRp30c interaction with Y-box protein-1 confers nuclear YB-1 shuttling and alternative splice site selection . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 20 . 18241–18248 . May 2003 . 12604611 . 10.1074/jbc.M212518200 . free .