Yōen jihō explained

Yōen jihō, also known as Koloa Times, was a Japanese language newspaper published from Koloa, Kauai County, Hawaii.^{[1] [2]} The first issue of the publication was issued on February 2, 1921.^{[2] [3]} It was launched by the Kaua'i branch of the Federation of Japanese Labor in the aftermath of the 1920 sugar strike.^{[1] [4]}

During its initial phase, the newspaper was published twice weekly.^[1] Yōen jihō was the most radical of the ethnic newspapers in the area at the time.^[2] It carried several articles on Marxism and Socialism.^[1] Ichiro Izuka served as the editor of the newspaper.^[2] Yōen jihō gained a circulation of 1,000.^[2] The newspaper was published by Yoen Jiho Sha Ltd.

In 1923 Reverend Seikan Higa, a Methodist pastor, shifted his residence to Koloa.^[5] He took over the management of Yōen jihō in 1925 or 1926. Higa then sold it to Chinyei Kinjo in 1928.^{[6] [7]}

It continued publication until 1941.^[2] In its latter period G. Arashiro was the editor of the publication, which was issued weekly on Wednesdays. It had a circulation of 2,430.^[8] The newspaper folded on April 30, 1970, citing a decline in readership.^[9]

References

Notes and References

1. Book: Hawaii Pono Journal. 1970. Vanguard Press. 63.
2. Book: Helen Geracimos Chapin. Shaping History: The Role of Newspapers in Hawai'i. January 1996. University of Hawaii Press. 978-0-8248-1718-3. 136.
3. Library of Congress. About The Yoen jiho = Yōen jihō. (Koloa, Kauai, T.H.) 1921-1970
4. Book: Counterpoint, Perspectives on Asian America. 1976. 391.
5. Book: Uchinanchu: A History of Okinawans in Hawaii. University of Hawaii at Manoa. Ethnic Studies Oral History Project. Ethnic Studies Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa. 1981. 978-0-8248-0749-8. 226.
6. Book: Japanese American history : an A-to-Z reference from 1868 to the present. 1993. Facts on File. Niiya, Brian., Japanese American National Museum (Los Angeles, Calif.). 0816026807. New York. 26853950. registration.
7. Book: Chinen, Karleen C.. Hawaii's AJA pioneers : one hundred profiles commemorating the centennial of the Hawaii Hochi. Hawaii Hochi Ltd.. 2012. Honolulu, Hawaii. 39.
8. Book: Ayer Directory of Publications. 1941. Ayer Press. 189.
9. Book: Chinen, Karleen C.. Hawaii's AJA pioneers : one hundred profiles commemorating the centennial of the Hawaii Hochi. Hawaii Hochi Ltd.. 2012. Honolulu, Hawaii. 41–42.