| Honorific-Prefix: | Air Force General |
| Xu Qiliang | |
| Native Name: | 许其亮 |
| Native Name Lang: | zh-Hans-CN |
| Alongside: | Fan Changlong and Zhang Youxia |
| Term Start: | State Commission: 16 March 2013 |
| Term End: | 11 March 2023 Party Commission: 4 November 2012 - 23 October 2022 |
| 1Blankname: | Chairman |
| 1Namedata: | Xi Jinping |
| Office1: | 10th Commander of the PLA Air Force |
| Term Start1: | September 2007 |
| Term End1: | October 2012 |
| Predecessor1: | Qiao Qingchen |
| Successor1: | Ma Xiaotian |
| Deputy1: | He Weirong |
| Birth Place: | Linqu County, Shandong, China |
| Party: | Chinese Communist Party (1967-present) |
| Alma Mater: | PLA National Defence University |
| Branch: | People's Liberation Army Air Force |
| Serviceyears: | 1966–2023 |
| Rank: | Air Force General |
| Commands: | People's Liberation Army Air Force (2007–2012) Shenyang Military Region Air Force (1999–2004) |
| Unit: | Central Military Commission Central Leading Group for Military Reform |
Xu Qiliang (; born March 1950) is a former air force general in the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) of the People's Republic of China. He served as a Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China from 2013 to 2023, and served as a Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party from 2012 to 2022. He served as a member of the 18th and the 19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party. He was promoted from Commander of the PLAAF from 2007 to 2012.
Born in Linqu County, Shandong to a peasant's family, he entered the PLA and its Air Force No. 1 aeronautic preparatory school in 1966, learned piloting, and joined the Chinese Communist Party the following year. Later he transferred to the Air Force No. 8 and No. 5 aeronautic schools. He became a pilot after graduation in August 1969.
Xu was promoted to head of the military division in 1983, and vice army corps commander the next year. In 1985, he became chief of staff at the Air Force Shanghai headquarters, and also entered the PLA National Defense University for training. He was promoted to corps commander of the PLA Air Force in 1991 and was made a major general. In 1993, he became vice chief of staff of the Air Force and studied at the National Defense University again. After graduation, he was promoted to chief of staff of the PLA Air Force. He was made a lieutenant general in 1996.
In 1999, Xu became the vice commander and Air Force commander of the Shenyang Military Region, and studied at the National Defense University for the 3rd time in 2001. He was elevated to vice chief of staff of the PLA General Staff Department. He was made a full general on June 20, 2007. Xu also became the commander of the PLA Air Force in 2007.[1] In 2012, he became China's first career air force officer promoted to Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission and was succeeded as Air Force Commander by General Ma Xiaotian.
He is also a member of the 19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party. He has been an alternate member of the 14th and 15th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party, and a full member of the 16th, 17th, and 18th Central Committees.
From the 2010s through the 2020s, Xu emphasized developing China's air power and air force digitization.
In July 2018, Xu met in Beijing with the US Secretary of Defense, James Mattis, to discuss regional issues and where the two men each laid out his country's military concerns before the other.[2]