Xiphorhynchus is a genus of birds in the woodcreeper subfamily (Dendrocolaptinae) that are found in Middle and South America.
The genus Xiphorhynchus was introduced in 1827 by the English naturalist William John Swainson.[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek xiphos meaning "sword" with rhunkhos meaning "bill".[2] Swainson did not specify the type species but this was subsequently designated as the ivory-billed woodcreeper.[3]
The genus contains the following 13 species:[4]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Xiphorhynchus obsoletus | Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus fuscus | eastern Brazil. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus atlanticus | northeastern Brazil. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus pardalotus | Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus ocellatus | Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus elegans | western and southern Amazon in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus spixii | eastern Amazon of Brazil. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus guttatus | tropical South America in the Guiana | ||
| Xiphorhynchus susurrans | tropical Central and South America in Trinidad, Tobago, northern Colombia and northern Venezuela. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus flavigaster | Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus | Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus erythropygius | Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. | ||
| Xiphorhynchus triangularis | Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. | ||
The straight-billed woodcreeper and Zimmer's woodcreeper are now separated in Dendroplex.