Xia–Gibbs syndrome explained

Xia-Gibbs syndrome
Synonyms:	AHDC1-related intellectual disability-obstructive sleep apnea-mild dysmorphism syndrome^[1] ^[2]

Xia-Gibbs syndrome,^[3] ^[4] is genetic disorder caused by a heterozygous mutation in the AHDC1 gene^[5] (AT hook, DNA binding motif, containing 1) on chromosome 1p36 .

Around 300 cases worldwide to this date (September 23, 2022) have been diagnosed.

Signs and symptoms

Xia-Gibbs syndrome is associated with symptoms including global developmental delay, hypotonia, obstructive sleep apnea, seizures, retrocerebellar cyst, delayed myelination, thinned corpus callosum, cutis aplasia, cortical visual impairment, micrognathia and mild dysmorphic features.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis requires diagnosis by whole-exome sequencing done by a genetic specialist.

History

In 2014, a human genetic disorder (Xia-Gibbs syndrome) caused by de novo mutations in AHDC1 was discovered through whole-exome sequencing by Xia, et al.^[6] Four patients were identified in the paper which recorded the initial discovery and their clinical features were reported, including global developmental delay, hypotonia, obstructive sleep apnea, intellectual disability and seizures. The publication of the paper and discovery of the new condition was reported in the media including in Science Daily and in Baylor College of Medicine News.^[7] ^[8] ^[9] Subsequent research has identified and reported the clinical features of an additional seven patients and there are now known to be twenty confirmed cases.^[10]

Notes and References

Web site: Ahdc1-Related Intellectual Disability-Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Mild Dysmorphism Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Symptoms, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials. www.malacards.org. 2015-10-18.
Web site: Orphanet: AHDC1 related intellectual disability obstructive sleep apnea mild dysmorphism syndrome. www.orpha.net. 2015-10-18.
Web site: Xia-Gibbs Syndrome - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Database. rgd.mcw.edu. 2015-10-18.
Web site: Xia-Gibbs Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Symptoms, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials. www.malacards.org. 2015-10-18.
Web site: OMIM Entry - * 615790 - AT-Hook DNA-Binding Motif-Containing Protein 1; AHDC1 . www.omim.org . 2015-10-18 .
Xia. Fan. Bainbridge. Matthew N.. Tan. Tiong Yan. Wangler. Michael F.. Scheuerle. Angela E.. Zackai. Elaine H.. Elaine Zackai. Harr. Margaret H.. Sutton. V. Reid. Nalam. Roopa L.. Zhu. Wenmaio. Nash. Margot. Ryan. Monique M.. Yaplito-Lee. Joy. Hunter. Jill V.. Deardoff. Matthew A.. Penney. Samantha J.. Beaudet. Arthur L.. Plon. Sharon E.. Boerwinkle. Eric A.. Lupski. James R.. Eng. Christine M.. Muzny. Donna M.. Yang. Yaping. Gibbs. Richard A.. De Novo Truncating Mutations in AHDC1 in Individuals with Syndromic Expressive Language Delay, Hypotonia, and Sleep Apnea. The American Journal of Human Genetics. 1 May 2014. 94. 5. 784–789. 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.04.006. 24791903. 4067559.
Web site: New syndrome caused by mutations in AHDC1 . . Science Daily . 2015-10-18.
Web site: New syndrome caused by mutations in AHDC1 . Picton . Glenna . Baylor College of Medicine . 2015-10-18.
Web site: Peek into AHDC1 Mutation Leads to Discovery of New Syndrome by BCM Researchers. BioNews Texas. 2015-10-18. en-US.
Yang. Hui. Douglas. Ganka. Monaghan. Kristin G.. Retterer. Kyle. Cho. Meghan T.. Escobar. Luis F.. Tucker. Megan E.. Stoler. Joan. Rodan. Lance H.. Stein. Diane. Marks. Warren. Enns. Gregory M.. Platt. Julia. Cox. Rachel. Wheeler. Patricia G.. Crain. Carrie. Calhoun. Amy. Tryon. Rebecca. Richard. Gabriele. Vitazka. Patrik . Chung. Wendy K.. De novo truncating variants in the AHDC1 gene encoding the AT-hook DNA-binding motif-containing protein 1 are associated with intellectual disability and developmental delay. Cold Spring Harbor Molecular Case Studies. October 2015. 1. 1. a000562. 10.1101/mcs.a000562. 27148574. 4850891.