Xenisthmidae Explained

Collared wrigglers are perciform fishes in the family Xenisthmidae. They are native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, where they are mostly reef-dwelling.

Species

The 10 species in 7 genera are:

• Genus Allomicrodesmus Schultz, 1966

• Allomicrodesmus dorotheae Schultz, 1966 ^[1]
• Genus Gymnoxenisthmus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014 ^[2]

• Gymnoxenisthmus tigrellus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014 ^[2]
• Genus Kraemericus

• Kraemericus smithi Menon & Talwar, 1972
• Genus Paraxenisthmus Gill & Hoese, 1993

• Paraxenisthmus springeri Gill & Hoese, 1993 ^[3]
• Genus Rotuma Springer, 1988

• Rotuma lewisi Springer, 1988 ^[4]
• Genus Tyson Springer, 1983

• Tyson belos Springer, 1983 ^[5]
• Genus Xenisthmus Snyder, 1908

• Xenisthmus africanus Smith, 1958 (the flathead wriggler or African wriggler)^[6]

• Xenisthmus balius Gill & Randall, 1994 ^[7]

• Xenisthmus chi Gill & Hoese, 2004 ^[8]

• Xenisthmus clarus (Jordan & Seale, 1906) ^[9]

• Xenisthmus eirospilus Gill & Hoese, 2004 ^[8]

• Xenisthmus polyzonatus (Klunzinger, 1871) (the bull's-eye wriggler or polyzonate wriggler) is peach-coloured with a bull's-eye-like spot on its tail.

• Xenisthmus semicinctus Gill & Hoese, 2004 ^[8]

Notes and References

1. Book: Schultz, L.P.. Schultz. L.P.. Woods. L.P.. Lachner. E.A.. Order Percomorphida. Suborder Gobiina. Superfamily Gobioidea.. Print. In Fishes of the Marshall and Marianas Islands. 3. Families Kraemeridae through Antennariidae. 1966. United States National Museum Bulletin. United States. 1–176.
2. Gill, A.C. . Bogorodsky, S.V. . Mal, A.O. . amp . 2014 . Gymnoxenisthmus tigrellus, new genus and species of gobioid fish from the Red Sea (Gobioidei: Xenisthmidae) . Zootaxa . 3755 . 5 . 491–495 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3755.5.9. 24869837 .
3. Gill. Anthony C.. Hoese. Douglass F. . 1993. Paraxenisthmus springeri, New Genus and Species of Gobioid Fish from the West Pacific, and Its Phylogenetic Position within the Xenisthmidae. Copeia. 1993. 4. 1049–1057. 10.2307/1447083. 1447083.
4. Springer . V.G. . 1988. Rotuma lewisi, new genus and species of fish from the southwest Pacific (Gobioidei, Xenisthmidae) . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 101. 3. 530–539. Biological Society of Washington.
5. Springer . V.G. . 1983. Tyson belos, New Genus and Species of Western Pacific Fish (Gobiidae, Xenisthminae) : With Discussions of Gobioid Osteology and Classification . Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 390. 390. 1–40. Smithsonian Institution Press. 26 October 2012 . 10.5479/si.00810282.390.
6. Smith . J.L.B. . 1958. The fishes of the family Eleotridae in the western Indian Ocean . Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology. 11. 137–163. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology. 10962/d1018772 .
7. Gill. Anthony C.. Randall. J.E.. 1994. Xenisthmus balius, a new species of fish from the Persian Gulf (Gobioidei: Xenisthmidae) . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . 107. 3. 445–450. Biological Society of Washington .
8. Gill. Anthony C.. Hoese. Douglass F. . 2004. Three New Australian Species of the Fish Genus Xenisthmus (Gobioidei: Xenisthmidae) . Records of the Australian Museum . 56. 2. 241–246. The Australian Museum . 10.3853/j.0067-1975.56.2004.1428. 0067-1975 . 26 October 2012.
9. Jordan. D.S.. Seale. A.. 1994. he fishes of Samoa. Description of the species found in the archipelago, with a provisional check-list of the fishes of Oceania . Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries . 25.