Xampylodon Explained

Xampylodon is an extinct genus of cow shark. Fossils assigned to this genus are known from the Late Cretaceous and early Paleocene. Xampylodon was recently erected after a revision on the taxonomy of hexanchid fossil teeth, and includes four species (X. dentatus, X. loozi,X. brotzeni, and X. diastemacron), most of them previously included in Notidanodon.[1]

Morphology

Xampylodon is known exclusively from isolated teeth. These teeth have a unique morphology (especially the saw-like teeth from the lower jaw). Xampylodon teeth are characterized by having an acrocone (or main cusp) and cusplets bent distally, with a convex mesial cutting edge. The mesial cusplets are much smaller than the distal ones. The root is very deep, unlike the condition observed in Notidanodon.[2] Xampylodon species differ from each other in aspects such as size, the number and shape of the mesial cusplets, the orientation of the acrocone, and the presence of a gap between cusplets.[3] [4]

Species

Notes and References

  1. Cappetta. Henri. Morrison. Kurt. Adnet. Sylvain. 2021-12-10. A shark fauna from the Campanian of Hornby Island, British Columbia, Canada: an insight into the diversity of Cretaceous deep-water assemblages. Historical Biology. 33. 8. 1121–1182. 10.1080/08912963.2019.1681421. 2021HBio...33.1121C . 212878837 . 0891-2963.
  2. Santos. Rodolfo Otávio. Riff. Douglas. Amenábar. Cecilia R.. Ramos. Renato Rodriguez Cabral. Rodrigues. Igor Fernandes. Scheffler. Sandro Marcelo. Carvalho. Marcelo de Araújo. 2022-11-14. New records of hexanchiform sharks (Elasmobranchii: Neoselachii) from the Late Cretaceous of Antarctica with comments on previous reports and described taxa. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 1–17. 10.1080/00288306.2022.2143382. 1175-8791.
  3. Cappetta. Henri. Grant-Mackie. Jack. 2018-09-21. Discovery of the most ancient Notidanodon tooth (Neoselachii: Hexanchiformes) in the Late Jurassic of New Zealand. New considerations on the systematics and range of the genus. Palaeovertebrata. 42. 1. e1. 10.18563/pv.42.1.e1. 92722893 . 0031-0247.
  4. Santos. Rodolfo Otávio. Riff. Douglas. Ramos. Renato Rodriguez Cabral. Rodrigues. Igor Fernandes. Scheffler. Sandro Marcelo. Sucerquia. Paula Andrea. Carvalho. Marcelo de Araujo. 2024-03-06. A new species of cow shark (Hexanchiformes: Hexanchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Seymour Island, Antarctica. Historical Biology. 1–12. 10.1080/08912963.2024.2316047. 0891-2963.

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