XY problem explained

XY problem should not be confused with X+Y sorting.

The XY problem is a communication problem encountered in help desk, technical support, software engineering, or customer service situations where the question is about an end user's attempted solution (X) rather than the root problem itself (Y or Why?).[1]

The XY problem obscures the real issues and may even introduce secondary problems that lead to miscommunication, resource mismanagement, and sub-par solutions. The solution for the support personnel is to ask probing questions as to why the information is needed in order to identify the root problem Y and redirect the end user away from an unproductive path of inquiry.[2] [3]

Terminology

The term XY problem was implicitly coined by Eric S. Raymond in How To Ask Questions The Smart Way when he wrote "How can I use X to do Y?" in the "Questions Not To Ask" section:[4]

Q: How can I use X to do Y?
A: If what you want is to do Y, you should ask that question without pre-supposing the use of a method that may not be appropriate. Questions of this form often indicate a person who is not merely ignorant about X, but confused about what problem Y they are solving and too fixated on the details of their particular situation.

Examples

Often, end users end up in XY problems when posing a question that does not directly address the desired outcome that originally motivated the question. Examples from software engineering include:

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: What is the XY problem? . Meta Stack Exchange . Stack Overflow . 6 January 2022.
  2. Web site: Greg (GreyCat) . XyProblem . Greg's Wiki . 6 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220104214000/https://mywiki.wooledge.org/XyProblem . 4 January 2022.
  3. News: Živković . Miloš . 3 Tips to Overcome the XY Problem . 6 January 2022 . BetterProgramming . 16 December 2020.
  4. Web site: Raymond . Eric Steven . How To Ask Questions The Smart Way . Eric S. Raymond's Home Page . Eric Steven Raymond . 14 June 2018 . idm46060474016288.
  5. Web site: The XY Problem . The XY Problem . 6 January 2022.
  6. Web site: RegEx match open tags except XHTML self-contained tags . Stack Overflow . 25 February 2024.