World record progression 4 × 100 metres freestyle relay explained

See main article: article and List of world records in swimming. This article includes the world record progression for the 4×100 metres freestyle relay, and it shows the chronological history of world record times in that competitive swimming event. The 4×100 metres freestyle relay is a relay event in which each of four swimmers on a team swims a 100-metre freestyle leg in sequence. The world records are recognized by and maintained by FINA (French: Fédération Internationale de Natation), the international competitive swimming and aquatics federation that oversees the sport in international competition.

World records in swimming were first recognized by FINA in 1908. The long course (50-metre pool) world records are historically older than the short course (25-metre pool) records. FINA amended its regulations governing the recognition of world records in 1956; specifically, FINA mandated that only record times that were contested in 50-metre (or 55-yard) pools were eligible for recognition after that time.[1] The short-course world records have been separately recognized since 1991. On July 25, 2013 FINA Technical Swimming Congress voted to allow world records in the long course mixed 400 free relay and mixed 400 medley relay, as well as in six events in short course meters: the mixed 200 medley and 200 free relays, as well as the men's and women's 200 free relays and the men's and women's 200 medley relays.[2] In October 2013 FINA decided to establish "standards" before something can be recognized as the first world record in these events.[3] But later on March 13, 2014 FINA has officially ratified the eight world records set by Indiana University swimmers at the IU Relay Rally held on September 26, 2013 in Bloomington.[4]

The women's 4×100-metre event was first contested at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, but the men's 4×100-metre event did not appear until the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Prior to 1964, the longer 4×200-metre freestyle relay was the only men's relay event staged.

The men's 4×100-metre freestyle is often considered "swimming’s indisputably best event at the Olympics",[5] as "It is also the Alpha Dog moment in water. Our Country is faster than Your Country". Nathan Adrian was quoted as saying “Every American swimmer dreams of getting up there in the 4x100 free relay and winning a gold medal.”[6] The Australians won the event at the 2000 Summer Olympics which they hosted and celebrated by playing air guitar, while the Australian relay team was dubbed "Weapons of Mass Destruction" after winning in the 2011 World Aquatics Championships. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, ; while the French team did beat the previous world record, they did it 0:00.08 after Jason Lezak had already edged out Bernard in the anchor leg, giving the Americans the gold and a new world record, which is still standing today.

Men

Men's short course

TimeNationalityNameDatePlace
3:14.00Tommy Werner (48.33)
Anders Holmertz (49.07)
Michael Söderlund (49.10)
Joakim Holmqvist (47.50)
March 19, 1989Malmö, Sweden
3:13.97Gustavo Borges (48.19)
Fernando Scherer (47.95)
José Carlos Souza (49.37)
Teófilo Ferreira (48.46)
July 7, 1993Santos, Brazil
3:12.11Fernando Scherer (48.27)
Teófilo Ferreira (48.28)
José Carlos Souza (48.90)
Gustavo Borges (46.66)
December 5, 1993Palma de Mallorca, Spain
3:10.45Fernando Scherer (47.27)
Carlos Jayme (48.49)
Alexandre Massura (47.93)
Gustavo Borges (46.76)
December 20, 1998Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
3:09.57Johan Nyström (49.04)
Lars Frölander (45.69)
Mattias Ohlin (47.87)
Stefan Nystrand (46.97)
March 16, 2000Athens, Greece
3:08.44Ryan Lochte (47.09)
Bryan Lundquist (46.64)
Nathan Adrian (46.57)
Doug Van Wie (48.14)
April 9, 2008Manchester, United Kingdom
3:04.98 CN MarseilleGrégory Mallet (47.41)
Fabien Gilot (44.92)
William Meynard (47.65)
Frédérick Bousquet (45.00)
December 20, 2008Istres, France
3:03.30Nathan Adrian (45.08)
Matt Grevers (44.68)
Garrett Weber-Gale (47.43)
Michael Phelps (46.11)
December 19, 2009Manchester, United Kingdom
3:03.03Caeleb Dressel (45.66)
Blake Pieroni (45.75)
Michael Chadwick (45.86)
Ryan Held (45.76)
December 11, 2018Hangzhou, China
3:02.75Alessandro Miressi (46.15)
Paolo Conte Bonin (45.93)
Leonardo Deplano (45.54)
Thomas Ceccon (45.13)
December 13, 2022Melbourne, Australia

Women

Women's long course

TimeNationalityNameDatePlace
5:52.8Belle Moore (?)
Jennie Fletcher (?)
Annie Speirs (?)
Irene Steer (?)
July 15, 1912
5:11.6Margaret Woodbridge (?)
Frances Schroth (?)
Irene Guest (?)
Ethelda Bleibtrey (?)
August 29, 1920
4:58.8Gertrude Ederle (?)
Euphrasia Donnelly (?)
Ethel Lackie (?)
Mariechen Wehselau (?)
July 20, 1924
4:55.6Adelaide Lambert (?)
Josephine McKim (?)
Susan Laird (?)
Albina Osipowich (?)
August 9, 1928
4:47.6Adelaide Lambert (?)
Eleanor Garatti (?)
Albina Osipowich (?)
Martha Norelius (?)
August 9, 1928
4:38.0Josephine McKim (?)
Helen Johns (?)
Eleanor Garatti (?)
Helene Madison (?)
August 12, 1932
4:33.3Jopie Selbach (?)
Annie Timmermans (?)
Rie Mastenbroek (?)
Willy den Ouden (?)
April 14, 1934
4:32.8Jopie Selbach (?)
Rie Mastenbroek (?)
Catherina Wagner (?)
Willy den Ouden (?)
May 24, 1936
4:29.7Elvi Svendsen (?)
Gunvor Kraft (?)
Birte Ove-Petersen (?)
Ragnhild Hveger (?)
February 8, 1938Copenhagen, Denmark
4:27.6Eva Arndt (?)
Gunvor Kraft (?)
Birte Ove-Petersen (?)
Ragnhild Hveger (?)
August 7, 1938Copenhagen, Denmark
4:27.2Mária Littomericzky (?)
Éva Novák (?)
Éva Székely (?)
Katalin Szőke (?)
April 27, 1952Moscow, Soviet Union
4:24.4Ilona Novák (1:07.8)
Judit Temes (1:05.8)
Éva Novák (1:05.1)
Katalin Szőke (1:05.7)
August 1, 1952Helsinki, Finland
4:22.3Lorraine Crapp (?)
Dawn Fraser (?)
Margaret Gibson (?)
Barbara Jackson (?)
October 20, 1956Sydney, Australia
4:19.7Lorraine Crapp (?)
Dawn Fraser (?)
Faith Leech (?)
Margaret Gibson (?)
October 25, 1956Melbourne, Australia
4:17.1Dawn Fraser (?)
Faith Leech (?)
Sandra Morgan (?)
Lorraine Crapp (1:03.1)
December 6, 1956Melbourne, Australia
4:16.2Dawn Fraser (?)
Alva Colquhoun (?)
Ilsa Konrads (?)
Lorraine Crapp (?)
August 6, 1960Townsville, Australia
4:08.9Joan Spillane (?)
Shirley Stobs (?)
Carolyn Wood (?)
Chris von Saltza (?)
September 3, 1960Rome, Italy
4:08.5 Santa Clara Swim ClubTerri Stickles (?)
Donna de Varona (?)
Pokey Watson (?)
Judy Haroun (?)
July 31, 1964Los Altos, United States
4:07.6Lynne Allsup (?)
Terri Stickles (?)
Kathy Seidel (?)
Eleanor Bricker (?)
September 28, 1964Los Angeles, United States
4:03.8Sharon Stouder (?)
Donna de Varona (?)
Pokey Watson (?)
Kathy Ellis (?)
October 15, 1964Tokyo, Japan
4:03.5 Santa Clara Swim ClubLinda Gustavson (?)
Nancy Ryan (?)
Laura Fritz (?)
Pokey Watson (?)
August 19, 1967Philadelphia, United States
4:01.1 Santa Clara Swim ClubLinda Gustavson (?)
Pokey Watson (?)
Pam Carpinelli (?)
Jan Henne (?)
July 6, 1968Santa Clara, United States
4:00.8Gabriele Wetzko
Iris Komar
Elke Sehmisch
Sabine Schulze
September 11, 1970Barcelona, Spain
4:00.7Shirley Babashoff (?)
Kim Peyton (?)
Linda Johnson (?)
Deena Deardurff (?)
September 9, 1971Minsk, Soviet Union
3:58.11Kim Peyton (?)
Sandy Neilson (?)
Jane Barkman (?)
Shirley Babashoff (?)
August 18, 1972Knoxville, United States
3:58.11Sylvia Eichner (?)
Elke Sehmisch (?)
Andrea Eife (?)
Kornelia Ender (?)
August 30, 1972Munich, West Germany
3:55.19Sandy Neilson (?)
Jenny Kemp (?)
Jane Barkman (?)
Shirley Babashoff (?)
August 30, 1972Munich, West Germany
3:52.45Andrea Eife (?)
Andrea Hubner (?)
Sylvia Eichner (?)
Kornelia Ender (?)
September 8, 1973Belgrade, Yugoslavia
3:51.99Ann Marshall (?)
Kim Peyton (?)
Kathy Heddy (?)
Shirley Babashoff (?)
August 31, 1974Concord, United States
3:49.37Kornelia Ender (56.22 WR)
Barbara Krause (57.41)
Claudia Hempel (57.97)
Ute Bruckner (57.77)
July 26, 1975Cali, Colombia
3:48.80 SC Dynamo BerlinRosemarie Kother (?)
Andrea Pollack (?)
Monika Seltmann (?)
Barbara Krause (?)
June 2, 1976East Berlin, East Germany
3:44.82Kim Peyton (56.95)
Wendy Boglioli (55.81)
Jill Sterkel (55.78)
Shirley Babashoff (56.28)
July 25, 1976Montreal, Canada
3:43.43Tracy Caulkins (56.57)
Stephanie Elkins (55.92)
Jill Sterkel (55.70)
Cynthia Woodhead (55.24)
August 26, 1978West Berlin
3:42.71Barbara Krause (54.90)
Caren Metschuck (55.61)
Ines Diers (55.90)
Sarina Hülsenbeck (56.30)
July 27, 1980Moscow, Soviet Union
3:42.41Birgit Meineke (?)
Kristin Otto (?)
Karen König (?)
Heike Friedrich (?)
August 21, 1984Moscow, Soviet Union
3:40.57Kristin Otto (54.73 WR)
Manuela Stellmach (54.96)
Sabina Schulze (55.52)
Heike Friedrich (55.36)
August 19, 1986Madrid, Spain
3:39.46Nicole Haislett (55.33)
Dara Torres (55.33)
Angel Martino (54.79)
Jenny Thompson (54.01)
July 28, 1992Barcelona, Spain
3:37.91Le Jingyi (54.31)
Shan Ying (54.38)
Le Ying (55.09)
Lü Bin (54.13)
September 7, 1994Rome, Italy
3:36.61Amy Van Dyken (55.08)
Dara Torres (53.51)
Courtney Shealy (54.40)
Jenny Thompson (53.62)
September 16, 2000Sydney, Australia
3:36.00Katrin Meissner (54.82)
Petra Dallmann (53.95)
Sandra Völker (53.59)
Franziska van Almsick (53.64)
July 29, 2002Berlin, Germany
3:35.94Alice Mills (54.75)
Libby Lenton (53.57)
Petria Thomas (54.67)
Jodie Henry (52.95)
August 14, 2004Athens, Greece
3:35.22Petra Dallmann (54.53)
Daniela Götz (53.87)
Britta Steffen (52.66)
Annika Liebs (54.16)
July 31, 2006Budapest, Hungary
3:33.62Inge Dekker (53.77)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (53.61)
Femke Heemskerk (53.62)
Marleen Veldhuis (52.62)
March 18, 2008Eindhoven, Netherlands
3:31.72Inge Dekker (53.61)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.30)
Femke Heemskerk (53.03)
Marleen Veldhuis (52.78)
July 26, 2009Rome, Italy
3:30.98Bronte Campbell (53.15)
Melanie Schlanger (52.76)
Emma McKeon (52.91)
Cate Campbell (52.16)
July 24, 2014Glasgow, Scotland
3:30.65Emma McKeon (53.41)
Brittany Elmslie (53.12)
Bronte Campbell (52.15)
Cate Campbell (51.97)
August 6, 2016Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
3:30.05Shayna Jack (54.03)
Bronte Campbell (52.03)
Emma McKeon (52.99)
Cate Campbell (51.00)
April 5, 2018Gold Coast, Australia
3:29.69Bronte Campbell (53.01)
Meg Harris (53.09)
Emma McKeon (51.35)
Cate Campbell (52.24)
July 25, 2021Tokyo, Japan
3:27.96Mollie O'Callaghan (52.08)
Shayna Jack (51.69)
Meg Harris (52.29)
Emma McKeon (51.90)
July 23, 2023Fukuoka, Japan

Women's short course

TimeNationalityNameDatePlace
3:35.97Lü Bin (-)
Shan Ying (-)
Jia Yuanyuan (-)
Le Jingyi (-)
December 4, 1993Palma de Mallorca, Spain
3:34.55Le Jingyi (53.32)
Chao Na (54.33)
Shan Ying (53.55)
Nian Yin (52.55)
April 19, 1997Gothenburg, Sweden
3:33.32Inge Dekker (53.52)
Hinkelien Schreuder (53.63)
Chantal Groot (54.00)
Marleen Veldhuis (52.17)
April 8, 2006Shanghai, China
3:31.66Libby Lenton (51.91)
Melanie Schlanger (53.23)
Shayne Reese (53.27)
Alice Mills (53.25)
September 2, 2007Melbourne, Australia
3:30.85Hinkelien Schreuder (53.40)
Femke Heemskerk (52.95)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.97)
Marleen Veldhuis (51.53)
September 9, 2007Eindhoven, Netherlands
3:29.42Hinkelien Schreuder (53.62)
Femke Heemskerk (52.61)
Inge Dekker (51.76)
Marleen Veldhuis (51.43)
April 12, 2008Manchester, United Kingdom
3:28.22Hinkelien Schreuder (52.88)
Inge Dekker (52.24)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.12)
Marleen Veldhuis (50.98)
December 19, 2008Amsterdam, Netherlands
3:26.53Inge Dekker (52.39)
Femke Heemskerk (50.58)
Maud van der Meer (52.55)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (51.01)
December 5, 2014Doha, Qatar
3:25.43Mollie O'Callaghan (52.19)
Madison Wilson (51.28)
Meg Harris (52.00)
Emma McKeon (49.96)
December 13, 2022Melbourne, Australia

Mixed

FINA recognizes only long-course world records for mixed relays in this event.

All-time top 10 by country

Men long course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:08.24Michael Phelps (47.51)
Garrett Weber-Gale (47.02)
Cullen Jones (47.65)
Jason Lezak (46.06)
11 August 2008Beijing
23:08.32Amaury Leveaux (47.91)
Fabien Gilot (47.05)
Frédérick Bousquet (46.63)
Alain Bernard (46.73)
11 August 2008Beijing
33:09.52Yevgeny Lagunov (47.90)
Andrey Grechin (47.00)
Danila Izotov (47.23)
Alexander Sukhorukov (47.39)
26 July 2009Rome
43:09.91Eamon Sullivan (47.24)
Andrew Lauterstein (47.87)
Ashley Callus (47.55)
Matt Targett (47.25)
11 August 2008Beijing
53:10.11Alessandro Miressi (47.72)
Thomas Ceccon (47.45)
Lorenzo Zazzeri (47.31)
Manuel Frigo (47.63)
26 July 2021Tokyo[8]
63:10.34Gabriel Santos (48.30)
Marcelo Chierighini (46.85)
César Cielo (48.01)
Bruno Fratus (47.18)
23 July 2017Budapest
73:10.82Brent Hayden (47.99)
Joshua Liendo (47.51)
Yuri Kisil (47.15)
Markus Thormeyer (48.17)
26 July 2021Tokyo[9]
83:10.88Pan Zhanle (47.06)
Chen Juner (48.00)
Hong Jinquan (48.27)
Wang Haoyu (47.55)
28 September 2023Hangzhou[10]
93:11.06Kristóf Milák (48.24)
Szebasztián Szabó (47.44)
Richárd Bohus (47.81)
Nándor Németh (47.57)
26 July 2021Tokyo[11]
103:11.14Lewis Burras (48.09)
Jacob Whittle (47.91)
Matt Richards (48.19)
Tom Dean (46.95)
18 June 2022Budapest[12]

Men short course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:02.75Alessandro Miressi (46.15)
Paolo Conte Bonin (45.93)
Leonardo Deplano (45.54)
Thomas Ceccon (45.13)
13 December 2022Melbourne[14]
23:03.03Caeleb Dressel (45.66)
Blake Pieroni (45.75)
Michael Chadwick (45.86)
Ryan Held (45.76)
11 December 2018Hanghzou
33:03.11Vladislav Grinev (46.38)
Sergei Fesikov (46.21)
Vladimir Morozov (45.06)
Kliment Kolesnikov (45.46)
11 December 2018Hangzhou
43:03.78Clément Mignon (47.05)
Fabien Gilot (46.13)
Florent Manaudou (44.80)
Mehdy Metella (45.80)
3 December 2014Doha
53:04.63Flynn Southam (47.04)
Matthew Temple (46.06)
Thomas Neill (46.55)
Kyle Chalmers (44.98)
13 December 2022Melbourne[15]
63:05.15Matheus Santana (46.83)
Marcelo Chierighini (46.37)
César Cielo (46.34)
Breno Correia (45.61)
11 December 2018Hangzhou
73:06.10Stan Pijnenburg (46.64)
Thom de Boer (46.60)
Nyls Korstanje (46.82)
Jesse Puts (46.04)
16 December 2021Abu Dhabi[16]
83:07.10Ruslan Gaziev (47.08)
Yuri Kisil (46.41)
Javier Acevedo (46.18)
Ilya Kharun (47.43)
13 December 2022Melbourne[17]
93:07.19Sergio de Celis (46.90)
Luis Domínguez (46.63)
Mario Mollà (46.44)
Carles Coll (47.22)
13 December 2022Melbourne[18]
103:07.54Jasper Aerents (47.59)
Pieter Timmers (46.08)
Emmanuel Vanluchene (46.60)
Glenn Surgeloose (47.27)
3 December 2014Doha

Women long course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:27.96Mollie O'Callaghan (52.08)
Shayna Jack (51.69)
Meg Harris (52.29)
Emma McKeon (51.90)
23 July 2023Fukuoka[20]
23:30.20Kate Douglass (52.98)
Gretchen Walsh (52.55)
Torri Huske (52.06)
Simone Manuel (52.61)
27 July 2024Paris[21]
33:30.30Yang Junxuan (52.48)
Cheng Yujie (52.76)
Zhang Yufei (52.75)
Wu Qingfeng (52.31)
27 July 2024Paris[22]
43:31.72Inge Dekker (53.61)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.30)
Femke Heemskerk (53.03)
Marleen Veldhuis (52.78)
26 July 2009Rome
53:31.78Kayla Sanchez (53.72)
Taylor Ruck (52.19)
Penny Oleksiak (52.69)
Maggie MacNeil (53.18)
21 July 2019Gwangju
63:31.83Britta Steffen (52.22)
Daniela Samulski (53.49)
Petra Dallmann (53.75)
Daniela Schreiber (52.37)
26 July 2009Rome
73:33.79Sarah Sjöström (52.53)
Michelle Coleman (52.98)
Sara Junevik (54.41)
Louise Hansson (53.87)
27 July 2024Paris[23]
83:33.90Anna Hopkin (53.67)
Lucy Hope (53.53)
Abbie Wood (54.19)
Freya Anderson (52.51)
23 July 2023Fukuoka[24]
93:34.65Marie Wattel (54.35)
Charlotte Bonnet (52.20)
Margaux Fabre (54.41)
Béryl Gastaldello (53.69)
3 August 2018Glasgow
103:35.56Pernille Blume (53.15)
Signe Bro (53.19)
Julie Kepp Jensen (54.72)
Jeanette Ottesen (54.50)
24 July 2021Tokyo

Women short course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:25.43Mollie O'Callaghan (52.19)
Madison Wilson (51.28)
Meg Harris (52.00)
Emma McKeon (49.96)
13 December 2022Melbourne[26]
23:26.29Torri Huske (51.73)
Kate Douglass (51.17)
Claire Curzan (51.59)
Erika Brown (51.80)
13 December 2022Melbourne[27]
33:26.53Inge Dekker (52.39)
Femke Heemskerk (50.58)
Maud van der Meer (52.55)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (51.01)
5 December 2014Doha
43:28.06Rebecca Smith (52.68)
Taylor Ruck (51.49)
Maggie Mac Neil (51.11)
Katerine Savard (52.78)
13 December 2022Melbourne[28]
53:28.80Sarah Sjöström (51.45)
Michelle Coleman (52.06)
Sophie Hansson (53.41)
Louise Hansson (51.88)
16 December 2021Abu Dhabi[29]
63:29.48Erika Ferraioli (52.70)
Silvia Di Pietro (52.30)
Aglaia Pezzato (52.72)
Federica Pellegrini (51.76)
5 December 2014Doha
73:29.81Tang Yi (52.27)
Zhu Qianwei (52.60)
Pang Jiaying (52.94)
Li Zhesi (52.00)
18 December 2010Dubai
83:29.86Jeanette Ottesen (51.91)
Julie Levisen (53.26)
Mie Nielsen (52.03)
Pernille Blume (52.66)
5 December 2014Doha
93:31.55Maria Kameneva (52.60)
Ekaterina Nikonova (52.97)
Arina Surkova (53.32)
Daria S. Ustinova (52.66)
16 December 2021Abu Dhabi[30]
103:31.68Tomomi Aoki (53.33)
Aya Sato (52.60)
Runa Imai (53.12)
Chihiro Igarashi (52.63)
11 December 2018Hangzhou

Mixed long course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:18.83Jack Cartwright (48.14)
Kyle Chalmers (47.25)
Shayna Jack (51.73)
Mollie O'Callaghan (51.71)
29 July 2023Fukuoka[32]
23:19.40Caeleb Dressel (47.34)
Zach Apple (47.34)
Mallory Comerford (52.72)
Simone Manuel (52.00)
27 July 2019Gwangju
33:20.61Joshua Liendo (48.02)
Javier Acevedo (47.96)
Kayla Sanchez (52.52)
Penny Oleksiak (52.11)
24 June 2022Budapest[33]
43:21.18Pan Zhanle (47.29)
Wang Haoyu (47.41)
Li Bingjie (53.11)
Yu Yiting (53.37)
17 February 2024Doha[34]
53:21.68Matt Richards (47.83)
Duncan Scott (47.46)
Anna Hopkin (53.30)
Freya Anderson (53.09)
29 July 2023Fukuoka[35]
63:21.81Ben Schwietert (49.12)
Kyle Stolk (47.80)
Femke Heemskerk (52.33)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.56)
29 July 2017Budapest
73:22.07Jérémy Stravius (48.81)
Mehdy Metella (47.45)
Marie Wattel (53.47)
Charlotte Bonnet (52.34)
8 August 2018London
83:22.64Alessandro Miressi (47.63)
Thomas Ceccon (47.59)
Federica Pellegrini (53.58)
Silvia Di Pietro (53.84)
22 May 2021Budapest[36]
93:22.72Vladislav Grinev (48.42)
Vladimir Morozov (47.31)
Maria Kameneva (52.95)
Daria Ustinova (54.04)
27 July 2019Gwangju
103:24.67Katsumi Nakamura (48.49)
Katsuhiro Matsumoto (47.99)
Rika Omoto (54.36)
Aya Sato (53.83)
27 July 2019Gwangju

All-time top 25

Men long course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:08.24Michael Phelps (47.51)
Garrett Weber-Gale (47.02)
Cullen Jones (47.65)
Jason Lezak (46.06)
11 August 2008Beijing
23:08.32Amaury Leveaux (47.91)
Fabien Gilot (47.05)
Frédérick Bousquet (46.63)
Alain Bernard (46.73)
11 August 2008Beijing
33:08.97Caeleb Dressel (47.26)
Blake Pieroni (47.58)
Bowe Becker (47.44)
Zach Apple (46.69)
26 July 2021Tokyo[38]
43:09.06Caeleb Dressel (47.63)
Blake Pieroni (47.49)
Zach Apple (46.86)
Nathan Adrian (47.08)
21 July 2019Gwangju
53:09.21Michael Phelps (47.78)
Ryan Lochte (47.03)
Matt Grevers (47.61)
Nathan Adrian (46.79)
26 July 2009Rome
63:09.28Jack Alexy (47.67)
Chris Guiliano (47.33)
Hunter Armstrong (46.75)
Caeleb Dressel (47.53)
27 July 2024Paris[39]
73:09.34Caeleb Dressel (47.67)
Ryan Held (46.99)
Justin Ress (47.48)
Brooks Curry (47.20)
18 June 2022Budapest[40]
83:09.52Yevgeny Lagunov (47.90)
Andrey Grechin (47.00)
Danila Izotov (47.23)
Alexander Sukhorukov (47.39)
26 July 2009Rome
93:09.89Fabien Gilot (47.73)
Alain Bernard (46.46)
Grégory Mallet (48.28)
Frédérick Bousquet (47.42)
26 July 2009Rome
103:09.91Eamon Sullivan (47.24)
Andrew Lauterstein (47.87)
Ashley Callus (47.55)
Matt Targett (47.25)
11 August 2008Beijing
113:09.92Caeleb Dressel (48.10)
Michael Phelps (47.12)
Ryan Held (47.73)
Nathan Adrian (46.97)
7 August 2016Rio de Janeiro
123:09.93Amaury Leveaux (48.13)
Fabien Gilot (47.67)
Clément Lefert (47.39)
Yannick Agnel (46.74)
29 July 2012London
133:09.97Vladislav Grinev (47.83)
Vladimir Morozov (47.62)
Kliment Kolesnikov (47.50)
Evgeny Rylov (47.02)
21 July 2019Gwangju
143:10.06Caeleb Dressel (47.26)
Townley Haas (47.46)
Blake Pieroni (48.09)
Nathan Adrian (47.25)
23 July 2017Budapest
153:10.11Alessandro Miressi (47.72)
Thomas Ceccon (47.45)
Lorenzo Zazzeri (47.31)
Manuel Frigo (47.63)
26 July 2021Tokyo[41]
163:10.16Jack Cartwright (47.84)
Flynn Southam (47.85)
Kai Taylor (47.91)
Kyle Chalmers (46.56)
13 July 2023Fukuoka[42]
173:10.22Matthew Temple (48.07)
Zac Incerti (47.55)
Alexander Graham (48.16)
Kyle Chalmers (46.44)
26 July 2021Tokyo[43]
183:10.29Alessandro Miressi (47.46)
Santo Condorelli (47.90)
Lorenzo Zazzeri (47.29)
Manuel Frigo (47.64)
25 July 2021Tokyo
193:10.34Gabriel Santos (48.30)
Marcelo Chierighini (46.85)
César Cielo (48.01)
Bruno Fratus (47.18)
23 July 2017Budapest
203:10.35Jack Cartwright (48.03)
Flynn Southam (48.00)
Kai Taylor (47.73)
Kyle Chalmers (46.59)
27 July 2024Paris[44]
213:10.38Nathan Adrian (47.89)
Michael Phelps (47.15)
Cullen Jones (47.60)
Ryan Lochte (47.74)
29 July 2012London
223:10.41Andrey Minakov (48.18)
Aleksandr Shchegolev (47.64)
Vladislav Grinev (47.49)
Kliment Kolesnikov (47.10)
17 May 2021Budapest[45]
233:10.49Alessandro Miressi (47.54)
Manuel Frigo (47.79)
Lorenzo Zazzeri (48.13)
Thomas Ceccon (47.03)
13 July 2023Fukuoka[46]
243:10.50Alessandro Miressi (47.76)
Thomas Ceccon (47.88)
Lorenzo Zazzeri (47.60)
Manuel Frigo (47.26)
14 August 2022Rome[47]
253:10.53Mehdy Metella (48.08)
Fabien Gilot (48.20)
Florent Manaudou (47.14)
Jérémy Stravius (47.11)
7 August 2016Rio de Janeiro

Men short course

PosTimeSwimmerNationality or ClubDateVenueRef
13:02.75Alessandro Miressi (46.15)
Paolo Conte Bonin (45.93)
Leonardo Deplano (45.54)
Thomas Ceccon (45.13)
13 December 2022Melbourne[49]
23:02.78Evgeny Rylov (46.09)
Kliment Kolesnikov (45.25)
Chad le Clos (45.40)
Florent Manaudou (46.04)
Energy Standard



21 November 2020Budapest[50]
33:03.03Caeleb Dressel (45.66)
Blake Pieroni (45.75)
Michael Chadwick (45.86)
Ryan Held (45.76)
11 December 2018Hanghzou
43:03.11Vladislav Grinev (46.38)
Sergei Fesikov (46.21)
Vladimir Morozov (45.06)
Kliment Kolesnikov (45.46)
11 December 2018Hangzhou[51]
53:03.30Nathan Adrian (45.08)
Matt Grevers (44.68)
Garrett Weber-Gale (47.43)
Michael Phelps (46.11)
19 December 2009Manchester[52]
63:03.45Kliment Kolesnikov (46.44)
Andrey Minakov (45.61)
Vladislav Grinev (45.87)
Aleksandr Shchegolev (45.53)
16 December 2021Abu Dhabi[53]
73:03.46Caeleb Dressel (45.18)
Kacper Majchrzak (46.53)
Tate Jackson (46.33)
Justin Ress (45.42)
Cali Condors



21 November 2020Budapest
83:03.61Alessandro Miressi (46.12)
Thomas Ceccon (45.71)
Leonardo Deplano (45.98)
Lorenzo Zazzeri (45.80)
16 December 2021Abu Dhabi[54]
93:03.78Clément Mignon (47.05)
Fabien Gilot (46.13)
Florent Manaudou (44.80)
Mehdy Metella (45.80)
3 December 2014Doha[55]
103:04.18Vladimir Morozov (45.51)
Sergei Fesikov (46.01)
Danila Izotov (45.79)
Mikhail Polishchuk (46.87)
3 December 2014Doha
113:04.46Alessandro Miressi (46.08)
Leonardo Deplano (46.19)
Manuel Frigo (46.51)
Paolo Conte Bonin (45.68)
13 December 2022Melbourne[56]
123:04.47Dylan Carter (46.39)
Zac Incerti (46.87)
Duncan Scott (46.09)
Kyle Chalmers (45.12)
London Roar



25 November 2021Eindhoven[57]
133:04.55Kyle Chalmers (45.53)
Katsumi Nakamura (46.63)
Zac Incerti (46.49)
Dylan Carter (45.90)
London Roar



20 November 2021Eindhoven[58]
143:04.63Flynn Southam (47.04)
Matthew Temple (46.06)
Thomas Neill (46.55)
Kyle Chalmers (44.98)
13 December 2022Melbourne[59]
153:04.78Maxime Rooney (46.26)
Tom Shields (46.05)
Kristian Gkolomeev (45.76)
Dylan Carter (46.71)
LA Current



15 November 2020Budapest[60]
Alain Bernard (46.78)
Frédérick Bousquet (45.92)
Fabien Gilot (45.75)
Yannick Agnel (46.33)
15 December 2010Dubai[61]
173:04.82Evgeny Lagunov (46.68)
Sergey Fesikov (45.87)
Nikita Lobintsev (45.79)
Danila Izotov (46.48)
15 December 2010Dubai
183:04.93Pedro Spajari (47.05)
Marcelo Chierighini (45.83)
Szebasztian Szabo (46.26)
Alessandro Miressi (45.79)
Aqua Centurions



24 October 2020Budapest
193:04.94Pedro Spajari (46.88)
Marcelo Chierighini (45.67)
Szebasztian Szabo (46.26)
Alessandro Miressi (46.13)
Aqua Centurions



1 November 2020Budapest
203:04.98Grégory Mallet (47.41)
Fabien Gilot (44.92)
William Meynard (47.65)
Frédérick Bousquet (45.00)
20 December 2008Istres[62]
Kacper Majchrzak (46.74)
Justin Ress (45.86)
Marcin Cieślak (47.47)
Caeleb Dressel (44.91)
Cali Condors



15 November 2020Budapest
223:05.05Kyle Chalmers (45.69)
Katsumi Nakamura (46.31)
Dylan Carter (46.04)
Edward Mildred (47.01)
London Roar



11 September 2021Naples[63]
233:05.09Drew Kibler (46.84)
Shaine Casas (45.90)
Carson Foster (46.58)
Kieran Smith (45.77)
13 December 2022Melbourne[64]
243:05.11Cameron McEvoy (47.49)
Kyle Chalmers (45.55)
Yuri Kisil (46.68)
Duncan Scott (45.39)
London Roar



20 December 2019Las Vegas
253:05.15Matheus Santana (46.83)
Marcelo Chierighini (46.37)
César Cielo (46.34)
Breno Correia (45.61)
11 December 2018Hangzhou

Women long course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:27.96Mollie O'Callaghan (52.08)
Shayna Jack (51.69)
Meg Harris (52.29)
Emma McKeon (51.90)
23 July 2023Fukuoka[66]
23:28.92Mollie O'Callaghan (52.24)
Shayna Jack (52.35)
Emma McKeon (52.39)
Meg Harris (51.94)
27 July 2024Paris[67]
33:29.69Bronte Campbell (53.01)
Meg Harris (53.09)
Emma McKeon (51.35)
Cate Campbell (52.24)
25 July 2021Tokyo[68]
43:30.05Shayna Jack (54.03)
Bronte Campbell (52.03)
Emma McKeon (52.99)
Cate Campbell (51.00)
5 April 2018Gold Coast
53:30.20Kate Douglass (52.98)
Gretchen Walsh (52.55)
Torri Huske (52.06)
Simone Manuel (52.61)
27 July 2024Paris[69]
63:30.21Bronte Campbell (52.85)
Brianna Throssell (53.34)
Emma McKeon (52.57)
Cate Campbell (51.45)
21 July 2019Gwangju
73:30.30Yang Junxuan (52.48)
Cheng Yujie (52.76)
Zhang Yufei (52.75)
Wu Qingfeng (52.31)
27 July 2024Paris[70]
83:30.64Madison Wilson (53.22)
Shayna Jack (52.72)
Mollie O'Callaghan (52.66)
Emma McKeon (52.04)
30 July 2022Birmingham
93:30.65Emma McKeon (53.41)
Brittany Elmslie (53.12)
Bronte Campbell (52.15)
Cate Campbell (51.97)
6 August 2016Rio de Janeiro
103:30.95Mollie O'Callaghan (52.70)
Madison Wilson (52.60)
Meg Harris (53.00)
Shayna Jack (52.65)
18 June 2022Budapest
113:30.98Bronte Campbell (53.15)
Melanie Schlanger (52.76)
Emma McKeon (52.91)
Cate Campbell (52.16)
24 July 2014Glasgow
123:31.02Mallory Comerford (52.98)
Abbey Weitzeil (52.66)
Kelsi Dahlia (53.46)
Simone Manuel (51.92)
21 July 2019Gwangju
133:31.48Emily Seebohm (53.92)
Emma McKeon (53.57)
Bronte Campbell (51.77)
Cate Campbell (52.22)
2 August 2015Kazan
143:31.52Shayna Jack (52.28)
Brianna Throssell (53.95)
Meg Harris (52.55)
Madison Wilson (52.76)
23 July 2023Fukuoka[71]
153:31.57Olivia Wunsch (53.94)
Bronte Campbell (53.46)
Meg Harris (52.23)
Emma McKeon (51.94)
27 July 2024Paris[72]
163:31.58Emily Seebohm (54.56)
Shayna Jack (53.10)
Emma McKeon (52.56)
Cate Campbell (51.36)
9 August 2018Tokyo
163:31.72Inge Dekker (53.61)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.30)
Femke Heemskerk (53.03)
Marleen Veldhuis (52.78)
26 July 2009Rome
Mallory Comerford (52.59)
Kelsi Worrell (53.16)
Katie Ledecky (53.83)
Simone Manuel (52.14)
23 July 2017Budapest
193:31.73Mollie O'Callaghan (53.08)
Meg Harris (52.73)
Madison Wilson (53.10)
Bronte Campbell (52.82)
24 July 2021Tokyo
203:31.78Kayla Sanchez (53.72)
Taylor Ruck (52.19)
Penny Oleksiak (52.69)
Maggie Mac Neil (53.18)
21 July 2019Gwangju
213:31.83Britta Steffen (52.22)
Daniela Samulski (53.49)
Petra Dallmann (53.75)
Daniela Schreiber (52.37)
26 July 2009Rome
223:31.89Simone Manuel (53.36)
Abbey Weitzeil (52.56)
Dana Vollmer (53.18)
Katie Ledecky (52.79)
6 August 2016Rio de Janeiro
233:31.93Gretchen Walsh (54.06)
Abbey Weitzeil (52.71)
Olivia Smoliga (52.88)
Kate Douglass (52.28)
23 July 2023Fukuoka[73]
243:32.01Shayna Jack (53.75)
Bronte Campbell (52.14)
Brittany Elmslie (53.83)
Emma McKeon (52.29)
23 July 2017Budapest
253:32.15Kayla Sanchez (53.45)
Taylor Ruck (52.92)
Maggie Mac Neil (53.27)
Penny Oleksiak (52.51)
18 June 2022Budapest

Women short course

PosTimeSwimmerNationality or ClubDateVenueRef
13:25.37Siobhan Haughey (50.94)
Pernille Blume (51.59)
Femke Heemskerk (51.29)
Sarah Sjostrom (51.55)
Energy Standard



21 November 2020Budapest
23:25.43Mollie O'Callaghan (52.19)
Madison Wilson (51.28)
Meg Harris (52.00)
Emma McKeon (49.96)
13 December 2022Melbourne[75]
33:25.82Siobhan Haughey (51.35)
Pernille Blume (51.67)
Femke Heemskerk (51.53)
Sarah Sjostrom (51.27)
Energy Standard



14 November 2020Budapest
43:26.29Torri Huske (51.73)
Kate Douglass (51.17)
Claire Curzan (51.59)
Erika Brown (51.80)
13 December 2022Melbourne[76]
53:26.48Penny Oleksiak (52.89)
Sarah Sjöström (51.45)
Kayla Sanchez (51.60)
Femke Heemskerk (51.44)
Energy Standard



20 December 2019Las Vegas
63:26.53Inge Dekker (52.39)
Femke Heemskerk (50.58)
Maud van der Meer (52.55)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (51.01)
5 December 2014Doha
73:26.55Penny Oleksiak (52.06)
Sarah Sjöström (51.41)
Kayla Sanchez (51.56)
Femke Heemskerk (50.62)
Energy Standard



23 November 2019London
83:26.64Anna Hopkin (51.98)
Maria Kamaneva (51.90)
Marie Wattel (51.77)
Freya Anderson (50.99)
London Roar



14 November 2020Budapest
93:26.71Bronte Campbell (52.58)
Emma McKeon (51.43)
Marie Wattel (52.13)
Cate Campbell (50.56)
London Roar



20 December 2019Las Vegas
103:27.09Beryl Gastaldello (52.17)
Anastasia Gorbenko (51.99)
Andi Murez (51.58)
Abbey Weitzeil (51.35)
LA Current



21 November 2020Budapest
113:27.17Freya Anderson (51.43)
Maria Kamaneva (52.24)
Marie Wattel (52.22)
Anna Hopkin (51.28)
London Roar



21 November 2020Budapest
123:27.44Abbey Weitzeil (51.99)
Madison Wilson (51.71)
Anastasia Gorbenko (51.85)
Béryl Gastaldello (51.81)
LA Current



20 November 2021Eindhoven
133:27.48Anna Hopkin (52.08)
Freya Anderson (51.52)
Maria Kamaneva (52.11)
Marie Wattel (51.77)
London Roar



30 October 2020Budapest
133:27.65Olivia Smoliga (52.35)
Kelsi Dahlia (51.94)
Natalie Hinds (51.74)
Mallory Comerford (51.62)
Cali Condors



20 December 2019Las Vegas
Siobhán Haughey (51.32)
Femke Heemskerk (51.63)
Fanny Teijonsalo (52.91)
Sarah Sjöström (51.79)
Energy Standard



18 September 2021Naples
163:27.70Natalie Coughlin (52.25)
Abbey Weitzeil (51.57)
Madison Kennedy (51.82)
Shannon Vreeland (52.06)
5 December 2014Doha
173:27.73Femke Heemskerk (52.49)
Siobhán Haughey (50.70)
Fanny Teijonsalo (52.81)
Sarah Sjöström (51.73)
Energy Standard



25 November 2021Eindhoven
183:27.77Anastasia Gorbenko (52.59)
Andi Murez (51.69)
Aly Tetzloff (52.46)
Abbey Weitzeil (51.03)
LA Current



30 October 2020Budapest
193:27.78Olivia Smoliga (52.71)
Lia Neal (52.58)
Mallory Comerford (51.09)
Kelsi Dahlia (51.40)
11 December 2018Hangzhou
203:27.87Siobhán Haughey (51.06)
Femke Heemskerk (51.88)
Fanny Teijonsalo (53.08)
Sarah Sjöström (51.85)
Energy Standard



3 December 2021Eindhoven
213:27.90Jeanette Ottesen (53.31)
Emma McKeon (51.03)
Marie Wattel (52.71)
Cate Campbell (50.85)
London Roar



19 October 2019Lewisville
223:28.01Kayla Sanchez (52.18)
Michelle Coleman (51.49)
Louise Hansson (52.32)
Katarzyna Wasick (52.02)
Toronto Titans



9 September 2021Naples
233:28.02Kim Busch (53.19)
Femke Heemskerk (50.93)
Maaike de Waard (53.13)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (50.77)
11 December 2018Hangzhou
243:28.04Emma McKeon (51.36)
Marie Wattel (52.32)
Kira Toussaint (52.34)
Freya Anderson (52.02)
London Roar



13 November 2021Eindhoven
253:28.06Rebecca Smith (52.68)
Taylor Ruck (51.49)
Maggie Mac Neil (51.11)
Katerine Savard (52.78)
13 December 2022Melbourne[77]

Mixed long course

PosTimeSwimmerNationalityDateVenueRef
13:18.83Jack Cartwright (48.14)
Kyle Chalmers (47.25)
Shayna Jack (51.73)
Mollie O'Callaghan (51.71)
29 July 2023Fukuoka[79]
23:19.38Jack Cartwright (48.12)
Kyle Chalmers (46.98)
Madison Wilson (52.25)
Mollie O'Callaghan (52.03)
24 June 2022Budapest[80]
33:19.40Caeleb Dressel (47.34)
Zach Apple (47.34)
Mallory Comerford (52.72)
Simone Manuel (52.00)
27 July 2019Gwangju
43:19.60Caeleb Dressel (47.22)
Nathan Adrian (47.49)
Mallory Comerford (52.71)
Simone Manuel (52.18)
29 July 2017Budapest
53:19.97Kyle Chalmers (47.37)
Clyde Lewis (48.18)
Emma McKeon (52.06)
Bronte Campbell (52.36)
27 July 2019Gwangju
63:20.61Joshua Liendo (48.02)
Javier Acevedo (47.96)
Kayla Sanchez (52.52)
Penny Oleksiak (52.11)
24 June 2022Budapest[81]
73:20.82Jack Alexy (47.68)
Matt King (47.78)
Abbey Weitzeil (52.94)
Kate Douglass (52.42)
29 July 2023Fukuoka[82]
83:21.09Ryan Held (47.93)
Brooks Curry (47.72)
Torri Huske (52.70)
Claire Curzan (52.84)
24 June 2022Budapest[83]
93:21.18William Yang (48.80)
Kyle Chalmers (47.55)
Mollie O'Callaghan (52.62)
Emma McKeon (52.21)
29 July 2022Birmingham[84]
Pan Zhanle (47.29)
Wang Haoyu (47.41)
Li Bingjie (53.11)
Yu Yiting (53.37)
17 February 2024Doha[85]
113:21.68Matt Richards (47.83)
Duncan Scott (47.46)
Anna Hopkin (53.30)
Freya Anderson (53.09)
29 July 2023Fukuoka[86]
123:21.78Kai Taylor (48.01)
Jack Cartwright (47.90)
Shayna Jack (52.38)
Brianna Throssell (53.49)
17 February 2024Doha[87]
133:21.81Ben Schwietert (49.12)
Kyle Stolk (47.80)
Femke Heemskerk (52.33)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (52.56)
29 July 2017Budapest
143:21.88Flynn Southam (48.69)
Jack Cartwright (47.81)
Madison Wilson (52.98)
Meg Harris (52.40)
29 July 2023Fukuoka[88]
153:22.07Jérémy Stravius (48.81)
Mehdy Metella (47.45)
Marie Wattel (53.47)
Charlotte Bonnet (52.34)
8 August 2018London
Duncan Scott (48.20)
Thomas Dean (48.11)
Anna Hopkin (52.88)
Freya Anderson (52.88)
22 May 2021Budapest[89]
173:22.11Clément Mignon (48.44)
Mehdy Metella (47.78)
Charlotte Bonnet (52.87)
Marie Wattel (53.02)
27 July 2019Gwangju
183:22.14Flynn Southam (49.21)
Zac Incerti (48.02)
Meg Harris (52.59)
Madison Wilson (52.32)
29 July 2022Birmingham
193:22.26Stan Pijnenburg (48.55)
Jesse Puts (48.39)
Ranomi Kromowidjojo (53.59)
Femke Heemskerk (51.73)
22 May 2021Budapest
203:22.28Hunter Armstrong (47.83)
Matt King (47.78)
Claire Curzan (53.82)
Kate Douglass (52.85)
17 February 2024Doha[90]
213:22.44Tom Dean (48.25)
Lewis Burras (47.86)
Anna Hopkin (53.27)
Freya Anderson (53.06)
24 June 2022Budapest[91]
223:22.45Lewis Burras (48.28)
Tom Dean (48.12)
Anna Hopkin (53.27)
Freya Anderson (52.78)
29 July 2022Birmingham[92]
233:22.54Markus Thormeyer (48.84)
Yuri Kisil (48.58)
Taylor Ruck (53.12)
Penny Oleksiak (52.00)
27 July 2019Gwangju
243:22.64Alessandro Miressi (47.63)
Thomas Ceccon (47.59)
Federica Pellegrini (53.58)
Silvia Di Pietro (53.84)
22 May 2021Budapest[93]
253:22.70Blake Pieroni (48.15)
Nathan Adrian (47.67)
Katie McLaughlin (53.96)
Abbey Weitzeil (52.92)
27 July 2019Gwangju

Mixed short course

PosTimeSwimmerNationality or ClubDateVenueRef
13:11.97Queensland
6 October 2019Canberra
23:12.43New South Wales
6 October 2019Canberra
33:14.21Evgeny Rylov
Florent Manaudou
Sarah Sjöström
Siobhán Haughey
Energy Standard



22 November 2020Budapest
43:14.72Cali Condors22 November 2020Budapest
53:14.96Cali Condors16 November 2020Budapest
63:15.11Energy Standard22 November 2020Budapest
73:15.17London Roar15 November 2020Budapest
83:15.56Energy Standard15 November 2020Budapest
93:15.62LA Current16 November 2020Budapest
103:15.90Victoria
6 October 2019Canberra
113:15.91Energy Standard6 November 2020Budapest
123:15.97Energy Standard21 December 2019Las Vegas
33:16.03London Roar21 December 2019Las Vegas
143:16.04London Roar24 November 2019London
153:16.14Cali Condors10 November 2020Budapest
163:16.22Energy Standard17 October 2020Budapest
173:16.38Aqua Centurions24 November 2019London
183:16.68LA Current22 November 2020Budapest
193:16.81Energy Standard10 November 2020Budapest
203:16.84London Roar6 November 2020Budapest
London Roar22 November 2020Budapest
223:16.96Cali Condors6 November 2020Budapest
233:16.99Energy Standard2 November 2020Budapest
243:17.05London Roar17 October 2019Budapest
253:17.19LA Current31 October 2020Budapest

External links

Notes and References

  1. Craig Lord, " A Time of Change for World Records," SwimVortex.com (28 May 2013). Retrieved 20 March 2015.
  2. Web site: FINA Swimming Rules 2013 - 2017 incl. World Record Application Form. FINA. 16 August 2013. 5 December 2015. 24 August 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150824112202/http://www.fina.org/H2O/docs/rules/sw_rules_20132017_inclwrform.pdf. dead.
  3. News: FINA To Set World Best Standards For Mixed Relays. swimvortex.com. Craig Lord. 3 October 2013. 5 December 2015. 8 December 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151208091537/http://www.swimvortex.com/fina-to-set-world-best-standards-for-mixed-relays/. dead.
  4. FINA Goes Back in Time to Ratify Indiana Hoosier Swims as World Records. Swimming World Magazine. 13 March 2014. 5 December 2015.
  5. Web site: Abrahamson. Alan. Abrahamson: Americans recaptured the magic with freestyle relay triumph. NBC Olympics. 8 August 2016. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160809153758/http://www.nbcolympics.com/news/abrahamson-americans-recaptured-magic-freestyle-relay-triumph. 9 August 2016.
  6. Web site: Layden. Tim. Reborn Michael Phelps plays pivotal role in U.S. 4x100 free relay gold. Sports Illustrated. 8 August 2016.
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  8. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 26 July 2021. 10 August 2021. 24 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824070237/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/SWM/OG2020-_SWM_C73B1_SWMM4X100MFR----------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
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  10. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. hangzhou2022.cn. 27 September 2023. 29 September 2023.
  11. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 26 July 2021. 10 August 2021. 24 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824070237/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/SWM/OG2020-_SWM_C73B1_SWMM4X100MFR----------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
  12. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 18 June 2022. 2 July 2022.
  13. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Short Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 27 October 2021. 27 October 2021.
  14. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  15. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  16. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 16 December 2021. 17 December 2021.
  17. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  18. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  19. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Long Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 27 October 2021. 27 October 2021.
  20. Web site: Women's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 23 July 2023. 24 July 2023.
  21. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 27 July 2024. 29 July 2024.
  22. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 27 July 2024. 29 July 2024.
  23. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 27 July 2024. 29 July 2024.
  24. Web site: Women's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 23 July 2023. 24 July 2023.
  25. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Short Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 4 December 2021. 4 December 2021.
  26. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 19 December 2022.
  27. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 19 December 2022.
  28. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 14 January 2023.
  29. Web site: Women's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 16 December 2021. 17 December 2021.
  30. Web site: Women's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 16 December 2021. 17 December 2021.
  31. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Long Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 4 December 2021. 4 December 2021.
  32. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 29 July 2023. 29 July 2023.
  33. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 24 June 2022. 7 July 2022.
  34. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 17 February 2024. 19 February 2024.
  35. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 29 July 2023. 29 July 2023.
  36. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. microplustiming.com. 22 May 2021. 22 May 2021.
  37. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Long Course All-Time Ranking. World Aquatics. 7 December 2023.
  38. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 26 July 2021. 10 August 2021. 24 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824070237/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/SWM/OG2020-_SWM_C73B1_SWMM4X100MFR----------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
  39. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 27 July 2024. 29 July 2024.
  40. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 18 June 2022. 2 July 2022.
  41. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 26 July 2021. 10 August 2021. 24 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824070237/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/SWM/OG2020-_SWM_C73B1_SWMM4X100MFR----------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
  42. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 23 July 2023. 25 July 2023.
  43. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 26 July 2021. 10 August 2021. 24 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824070237/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/SWM/OG2020-_SWM_C73B1_SWMM4X100MFR----------FNL-000100--.pdf. dead.
  44. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. olympics.com. 27 July 2024. 29 July 2024.
  45. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. microplustiming.com. 17 May 2021. 13 June 2021.
  46. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 23 July 2023. 25 July 2023.
  47. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Microplus Informatica. 14 August 2022. 28 October 2022.
  48. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Short Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 27 October 2021. 27 October 2021.
  49. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  50. Web site: 21 November 2020 . Men's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Results . 8 September 2023 . Omega Timing.
  51. [FINA]
  52. Web site: 19 December 2009 . Men's 4x100m Freestyle Results . 8 September 2023 . Omega Timing.
  53. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 16 December 2021. 17 December 2021.
  54. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 16 December 2021. 17 December 2021.
  55. [FINA]
  56. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Heats Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  57. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Results. Omega Timing. 25 November 2021. 2 December 2021.
  58. Web site: Men's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Results. Omega Timing. 20 November 2021. 4 December 2021.
  59. Web site: Men's 4x100m Freestyle Final Results. Omega Timing. 13 December 2022. 15 December 2022.
  60. Web site: 15 November 2020 . Men's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Results . 8 September 2023 . Omega Timing.
  61. [FINA]
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  63. Web site: 11 September 2021 . Men's 4x100m Freestyle Relay Results . 8 September 2023 . Omega Timing.
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  72. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Heats Results. olympics.com. 27 July 2024. 10 August 2024.
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  74. Web site: Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Short Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 4 December 2021. 4 December 2021.
  75. Web site: 13 December 2022 . Women's 4×100m Freestyle Final Results . 19 December 2022 . Omega Timing.
  76. Web site: 13 December 2022 . Women's 4×100m Freestyle Final Results . 19 December 2022 . Omega Timing.
  77. Web site: 13 December 2022 . Women's 4×100m Freestyle Final Results . 14 January 2023 . Omega Timing.
  78. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Long Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 27 October 2021. 27 October 2021.
  79. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 29 July 2023. 29 July 2023.
  80. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 24 June 2022. 7 July 2022.
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  86. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 29 July 2023. 29 July 2023.
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  88. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Heats Results. Omega Timing. 29 July 2023. 29 July 2023.
  89. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. microplustiming.com. 22 May 2021. 22 May 2021.
  90. Web site: Mixed 4x100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 17 February 2024. 19 February 2024.
  91. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. Omega Timing. 24 June 2022. 7 July 2022.
  92. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. birmingham2022.com. 29 July 2022. 16 August 2022.
  93. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Final Results. microplustiming.com. 22 May 2021. 22 May 2021.
  94. Web site: Mixed 4×100m Freestyle Relay Short Course All-Time Ranking. FINA. 26 June 2022. 28 June 2022.