Hinduism by country explained

Hinduism has approximately 1.2 billion adherents worldwide (15% of the world's population).[1] Hinduism is the third largest religion in the world behind Christianity (31.5%) and Islam (23.3%).[2]

Most Hindus live in Asian countries, and the majority of Nepal and India are Hindus, and a significant number in Mauritius. Countries with more than 500,000 Hindu residents and citizens are (in decreasing order) India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Indonesia (with Bali being 87% Hindu), Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the United States, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Myanmar, Australia, Mauritius, South Africa, Canada, and the United Arab Emirates.

There are significant numbers of Hindu enclaves around the world, with many in South Africa, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Hinduism is also practiced by the non-Indic people including the Balinese of Bali island (Indonesia), Tengger and Osing of Java (Indonesia), the Balamon Chams of Vietnam, Ghanaian Hindus in Ghana and Butuanon people in Philippines.

Background

Hinduism is a heterogeneous religion and consists of many schools of thought. Hinduism includes a diversity of ideas on spirituality and traditions, but has no ecclesiastical order, no unquestionable religious authorities, no governing body, no prophet(s) nor any binding holy book; Hindus can be polytheistic, monotheistic, pantheistic, monistic, agnostic, humanist, or atheistic.[3]

Demographic estimates

Demographic estimates of Hindu populations by country have been published by the Pew Research Center in 2012,[4] as well as US State Department's International Religious Freedom Report 2006.[5]

By total number, India has the most Hindus. As a percentage, Nepal has the largest percentage of Hindus in the world, followed by India and Mauritius.[6] The Hindu population around the world as of 2020 is about 1.2 billion, making it the world's third-largest religion after Christianity and Islam, of which nearly 1.1 billion Hindus live in India.[7] [8] India contains 94% of the global Hindu population.[9] [10] According to a statistical study, an estimated 100 million Hindus live outside of India.[11] In 2010, only two countries in the world had a majority of their population as Hindus – Nepal and India.[12] In Mauritius, 48.14 percent of the population were Hindu, according to the 2015 census.[13] Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Fiji, Bhutan, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Sri Lanka have very large and influential Hindu minorities.

By country

Sources used for the table below include the US State Department,[5] the CIA World Factbook,[14] adherents.com, thearda.com,[15] [16] and Pew Research Center.[17] [18] and as identified.

Hinduism by country
RegionCountrydata-sort-type="number" Hindu totaldata-sort-type="number" Percentagedata-sort-type="number"Total populationdata-sort-type="number"Census year
ALIGN=center South Asia Afghanistan<1,000(est)<0.01%[19] [20] 31,889,9232017
ALIGN=center North Africa Algeria5,7200.01%[21] 43,053,0532019
ALIGN=center Western Europe Andorra300 - 4000.4%[22] 60,000>2012
ALIGN=center Caribbean Anguilla50 - 600.43%[23] 13,452-NA-
ALIGN=center Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda3790.4%[24] 81,799-NA-
ALIGN=center South America Argentina4,000+0.01%[25] 40,301,927-NA-
ALIGN=center Oceania Australia684,0002.7%[26] 23,401,4002021
ALIGN=center Central Europe Austria11,0000.1%[27] 8,900,000
ALIGN=center Middle East Bahrain7,000 – 144,286<1%–9.8%[28] 708,573
ALIGN=center South Asia Bangladesh14,300,0008.54%[29] 167,000,0002011
ALIGN=center Caribbean Barbados1,0550.46%[30] 226,193
ALIGN=center Western Europe Belgium6,2350.06%[31] 10,392,226
ALIGN=center Central America and Caribbean Belize6120.2%[32] 294,385
ALIGN=center South Asia Bhutan185,70022.6%–25%[33] [34] 742,737
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Botswana3,3530.3%[35] 1,372,675
ALIGN=center South America Brazil5,675–9,5000.0029%[36] –0.01%192,755,799
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Brunei1310.035%[37] 374,577
ALIGN=center West Africa Burkina Faso1500.001%14,326,203
ALIGN=center Central Africa Burundi8,3910.1%[38] [39] 8,390,505
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Cambodia41,9880.3%[40] [41] 13,995,904
ALIGN=center North America Canada828,2002.3%[42] 36,990,1412021
ALIGN=center Central Europe Czech Republic2,4040.023%[43] 10,436,560
ALIGN=center East Asia China20,000[44] <0.1%[45] 1,412,600,000
ALIGN=center South America Colombia8,8760.02%[46] 44,379,598
ALIGN=center East Africa Comoros7110.1%(approx)
711,417
ALIGN=center Central Africa Congo (Kinshasa)30,0000.18%65,751,512
ALIGN=center Balkans Croatia4490.01% (approx)[47] 4,493,312
ALIGN=center North America Cuba23,9270.21%[48] 11,394,043
ALIGN=center West Africa Côte d'Ivoire18,0130.1%[49] [50] 18,013,409
ALIGN=center Middle East Cyprus4,6400.4%[51] 1,160,9872015
ALIGN=center Western Europe Denmark5,4680.1%[52] [53] 5,468,120
ALIGN=center East Africa Djibouti990.02%[54] 496,374
ALIGN=center Caribbean Dominica1450.2%[55] 72,386
ALIGN=center North Africa Egypt2,7000.003%[56] 82,761,2442010
ALIGN=center East Africa Eritrea4,9070.1% (approx)[57] 4,906,585
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Estonia2950.027%[58] 1,094,564
ALIGN=center Oceania Fiji261,13627.9%[59] [60] 935,974
ALIGN=center Western Europe Finland5,0000.1%[61] 5,238,460
ALIGN=center Western Europe France121,0000.2%[62] 63,718,187
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Georgia4650.01% (approx)[63] 4,646,003
ALIGN=center Western Europe Germany130,0000.15% (approx)[64] 82,660,000
ALIGN=center West Africa Ghana12,5000.05% (approx)[65] 22,931,299
ALIGN=center Western Europe Gibraltar6282.0%[66] 32,194
ALIGN=center Caribbean Grenada6300.7%[67] 89,971
ALIGN=center Caribbean Guadeloupe2,3000.5%[68] 460,000
ALIGN=center South America and Caribbean Guyana190,96624.9%[69] 769,095
ALIGN=center Central Europe Hungary3,307[70] [71] [72] 0.03%9,603,6342022
ALIGN=center South Asia India1,053,000,00079.8%[73] [74] [75] 1,320,000,000(2011 Census)
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Indonesia4,679,053[76] 1.71%273,873,0002021
ALIGN=center Middle East Iran20,000<0.165,397,521
ALIGN=center Western Europe Ireland14,3000.30%[77] 4,761,8652016
ALIGN=center Middle East Israel500–1,4000.01%[78] 9,412,8502020
ALIGN=center Western Europe Italy108,9500.2% (approx)[79] 60,418,000
ALIGN=center Caribbean Jamaica1,836 0.07%[80] 2,780,132
ALIGN=center East Asia Japan30,000<0.1127,433,494
ALIGN=center Middle East Jordan10,1850.1[81] 10,185,5002020
ALIGN=center Central Asia Kazakhstan1,8780.01%[82] 18,632,0002020
ALIGN=center East Africa Kenya60,0000.1%37,000,000
ALIGN=center East Asia Korea, South12,4520.015% (approx)49,044,790
ALIGN=center Middle East Kuwait300,66712%[83] 2,505,559
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Latvia1790.012%[84] 1,481,823
ALIGN=center Middle East Lebanon4,9260.1% (approx)[85] 4,925,502
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Lithuania3440.01%[86] 2,561,000
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Lesotho2,1250.1% (approx)[87] [88] 2,125,262
ALIGN=center West Africa Liberia3,1960.1% (approx)[89] 3,195,931
ALIGN=center North Africa Libya6,0370.1%[90] [91] 6,036,914
ALIGN=center Western Europe Luxembourg3360.07% (approx)[92] 480,222
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Madagascar19,4490.1%[93] [94] 19,448,815
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Malawi2,721 – 2,7260.02%[95] – 0.2%[96] 13,603,181
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Malaysia1,949,8506.3%[97] [98] 30,949,962
ALIGN=center Caribbean Martinique1,3170.3%[99] 439,202
ALIGN=center South Asia Maldives370.01%[100] 369,031
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Mauritius670,00050.63%[101] [102] 1,266,0002020
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Moldova4330.01% (approx)[103] 3,200,000
ALIGN=center North Africa Morocco2000.0006[104] 32,781,8602011
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Mozambique10,453 – 41,8110.05%[105] – 0.2%[106] 20,905,585
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Myanmar252,763[107] 0.5%[108] 50,279,900[109] 2014
ALIGN=center South Asia Nepal23,677,74481.19%[110] 29,164,578[111] 2021
ALIGN=center Western Europe Netherlands96,110 – 200,0000.58%[112] – 1.20%[113] 16,570,613
ALIGN=center Oceania New Zealand123,5342.63%[114] 4,115,771
ALIGN=center Western Europe Norway23,1400.5%4,627,926
ALIGN=center Middle East Oman96,147 – 182,6793%[115] – 5.7%[116] 3,204,897
ALIGN=center South Asia Pakistan5,217,2162.17%[117] 240,458,0892023
ALIGN=center Central America Panama9,7260.3%[118] [119] 3,242,173
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Philippines30,634<0.1%102,000,000
ALIGN=center Western Europe Portugal7,3960.07%10,642,836
ALIGN=center Central Europe Poland2,4210.008%[120] 30,575,000
ALIGN=center Caribbean Puerto Rico3,5500.09%[121] 3,944,259
ALIGN=center Middle East Qatar422,11815.1%[122] 2,795,484[123] 2020
ALIGN=center East Africa Réunion55,4096.7%[124] 927,000
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Russia143,0000.1%[125] 141,377,752
ALIGN=center Oceania Samoa380.02% (approx)187,429
ALIGN=center Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis8601.82%[126] 47,1952011
ALIGN=center Middle East Saudi Arabia303,6110.6%[127] – 1.1%[128] 27,601,038
ALIGN=center East Africa Seychelles5,5085.4%[129] [130] 102,8122022
ALIGN=center West Africa Sierra Leone2,458 – 6,1450.04%[131] – 0.1%[132] 6,144,562
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Singapore280,0005.0%[133] [134] 5,600,0002011
ALIGN=center Central Europe Slovakia5,4480.1% (approx)
5,447,502
ALIGN=center Central Europe Slovenia5000.025% (approx)
2,009,245
ALIGN=center Eastern Africa Somalia8,2780.06%[135] 13,797,2042015
ALIGN=center Southern Africa South Africa505,0000.9%[136] -1.1%49,991,300
ALIGN=center Western Europe Spain75,0000.11%[137] 48,692,8042024
ALIGN=center South Asia Sri Lanka2,671,00012.6%[138] 21,200,0002011
ALIGN=center South America and Caribbean Suriname120,623 – 128,99522.3%[139] – 27.4%[140] 470,784
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Eswatini1,700 – 2,2660.15%[141] – 0.2%[142] 1,133,066
ALIGN=center Western Europe Sweden7,044 – 10,8370.078% – 0.12%[143] 9,031,088
ALIGN=center Western Europe Switzerland28,708-50,000[144] [145] 0.38%[146] [147] -0.6%[148] 7,554,661
ALIGN=center East Africa Tanzania50,000[149] 0.11%39,384,223
ALIGN=center Caribbean Trinidad and Tobago240,10018.2%[150] [151] [152] 1,056,6082011
Southeast Asia Thailand65,0000.1%[153] 65,068,149
ALIGN=center Oceania Tonga1000.1%[154] 103,043
ALIGN=center North Africa Tunisia1200.001%[155] 11,303,9422016
ALIGN=center Middle East Turkey8430.001%[156] 83,614,3622020
ALIGN=center Eastern Europe Ukraine42,3860.1%[157] 42,386,400
ALIGN=center East Africa Uganda100,0000.3%38,225,447
ALIGN=center Middle East United Arab Emirates490,0005 - 20%[158] 9,682,000
ALIGN=center Western Europe United Kingdom1,020,0001.7%[159] [160] 60,776,2382017
ALIGN=center North America United States3,338,2101.0%[161] 332,000,0002020
ALIGN=center Caribbean United States Virgin Islands5281.9%[162] 28,054
ALIGN=center Central Asia Uzbekistan895[163] 0.0025%34,558,9002020
ALIGN=center Southeast Asia Vietnam70,0000.07%85,262,356
ALIGN=center Middle East Yemen155,6140.7%[164] 22,230,531
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Zambia16,0680.14%[165] [166] 11,477,447
ALIGN=center Southern Africa Zimbabwe3,0000.02%12,311,143
Total1,100,000,000 - 1,120,000,00015%7,500,000,000

By region

These percentages were calculated by using the above numbers. The first percentage, in the 4th column, is the percentage of the population that is Hindu in a specific region (Hindus in the region * 100/total population of the region). The last column shows the Hindu percentage compared to the total Hindu population of the world (Hindus in the region * 100/total Hindu population of the world).

(Note: Egypt, Sudan, and other Arab Maghreb countries are counted as part of North Africa, not the Middle East).

Hinduism in Africa
RegionTotal PopulationHindus% of Hindus% of Hindu total
Central Africa193,121,055N/AN/AN/A
East Africa193,741,900667,6940.345%0.071%
North Africa202,151,3235,7650.003%0.001%
Southern Africa137,092,0191,269,8440.926%0.135%
West Africa268,997,24570,4020.026%0.007%
Total885,103,5422,013,7050.225%0.213%
Hinduism in Asia
RegionTotal PopulationHindus% of Hindus% of Hindu total
Central Asia92,019,166149,6440.163%0.016%
East Asia1,527,960,261130,6310.009%0.014%
West Asia274,775,5273,187,6731.5%0.084%
South Asia1,437,326,6821,068,728,90170.05%98.475%
Southeast Asia571,337,0706,386,6141.118%0.677%
Total3,903,418,7061,074,728,90126.01%99.266%
Hinduism in Europe
RegionTotal PopulationHindus% of Hindus% of Hindu total
Balkans65,407,6094490.001%0.001%
Central Europe74,510,2411630%0%
Eastern Europe212,821,296717,1010.337%0.076%
Western Europe375,832,5571,313,6400.348%0.138%
Total728,571,7032,030,9040.278%0.214%
Hinduism in the Americas
RegionTotal PopulationHindus% of Hindus% of Hindu total
Caribbean24,898,266279,5151.123%0.030%
Central America41,135,2055,8330.014%0.006%
North America446,088,7482,131,1270.478%0.191%
South America371,075,531389,8690.105%0.041%
Total883,197,7502,806,3440.281%0.263%

See also

References

Web-sources

Notes and References

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