Workplace safety standards explained

Workplace safety standards are sets of standards developed with the goal of reducing risk from occupational hazards.[1]

History

The Russian scientist Mikhail Lomonosov in 1763 first describes the dangers of mining in his book The First Foundations of Metallurgy, or Ore Affairs (ru|Первыя основанiя Металлургiи, или Рудныхъ Делъ).[2] The history of human safety in the workplace began in 1802 with the Health and Morals of Apprentices Act. In 1893 in the United States, Railroad Safety Appliance Act was formed.[3] In 1911 were introduced Coal Mines Act.[4] In 1947, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was signed and published by a collaborative group of 23 countries working to establish smooth international trade. In the United States the first Federal Safety Standards for cars become effective 1 January 1968. These new standards help protect drivers against unreasonable risk of crashes occurring as a result of the design, construction or performance of motor vehicles.[5] In 2015 was created EFM scientist against EMF radiation. On 11 May 2015, Dr. Martin Blank in a three-minute video makes an appeal to pay attention for dangerous magnetic fields from our communication devices.[6]

Human safety organizations

Standards

Classification

Standard protection from radio frequency electromagnetic fields

Continuous exposure to high frequency or high intensity electromagnetic fields can lead to instantaneous health problems or over time to develop a variety of illnesses, such as nervous disorders and others. Low frequency fields with frequencies between 0 and 10 megahertz that are strong enough can stimulate sensory organs or nerves and cause magnetophosphenes (light flashes), vertigo, nausea or muscle twitches and pain.[24] The standards are drawn up with a set of rules for protection from to limit human exposure to electric fields, magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields. Frequency bands of danger EMF, Zones of danger EMF, types of risks, safety and shielding equipment are categorized in the standards.

3 kHz to 300 GHz

EMF medical devices

A high frequency electromagnetic field can cause negative effects on the nervous system. Also, high intensity fields can cause serious damage to some organs. The health of people with implanted pacemakers and other electronic devices can be seriously harmed. Such irradiation can lead to death.

Laser protection standard

Laser damage can be fatal to human vision. In the standards are defined the types of the laser equipment and its application. Safe distances from the laser equipment to the visual apparatus are also categorized.

Protection from dangerous substances and preparations

These standards are set of rules and describe dangerous substances in machine oils, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in extender oils and other chemical materials used in workplace. The Russian standard describes the physical and chemical properties of dangerous oils.

Welding safety

The following standards include safety and sanitary regulations for welding, cutting, and surface machining, as well as industrial process steps and guidelines on hazardous aerosols or other airborne particulates generated in these processes.

Vibration safety

Noise safety

Ultrasound safety

Working with ultrasound can damage the nervous and auditory systems.

Air

These standards provide guidance on the use and maintenance of devices for determining concentrations of chemical and biological agents in the workplace air.

Microclimatic parameters of the work environment

Thermal environment

quantities

Nanotechnology safety

Artificial light on workplace

The use of artificial light as the sole source of light or mixing artificial and daylight might cause ill-health effects, both physical and mental, such as eye strain, headaches, or fatigue. The standards address the types of light that negatively affect vision, angles of light in different environments, illumination standards per square meter, and protection methods such as the UGR method.[28]

Hazardous Area Classification

Protection devices

Supporting software

There are thousands of software products today which can simulate workplace hazards.

Congress and Conferences for health and safety work

World Congress on Safety and Health

The forum is organized by the International Labour Organization. The first World Congress on Safety and Health was held in Rome in 1955.[32]

Workplace Safety Conference

The forum is organized by OSHA.

Workplace safety symbols

Workplace safety symbols are classified in several categories:

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: www-pub.iaea.org/.
  2. https://en.ppt-online.org/283320 ppt-online.org/283320
  3. Web site: History of Workplace Safety. 4 February 2017.
  4. https://www.superiorglove.com/blog/the-history-of-safety superiorglove.com/
  5. Web site: NHTSA – A Drive Through Time. one.nhtsa.gov.
  6. https://www.emfscientist.org/ emfscientist.org/
  7. https://www.icnirp.org/en/about-icnirp/aim-status-history/index.html icnirp.org/
  8. Book: Occupational Health and Safety Regulations and Recommendations Applicable to Nonhuman-Primate Research Facilities . National Research Council (US) Committee on Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Nonhuman Primates. 17 April 2019. National Academies Press (US). ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  9. Web site: Организация на дейността за осигуряване на Здраве и безопасност.
  10. http://safety.org.ge/page/1 safety.org.ge
  11. Web site: ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ОБ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ РАБОТЫ ПО ОХРАНЕ ТРУДА И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЖИЗНЕДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ.. zhukds14.edumsko.ru.
  12. Web site: National Policy on Safety Health and Environment at Work Place. Government of India, Ministry of Labour and Employment.
  13. Web site: OSH India: Transforming India's Workplace Safety and Health – UBM. ubm.com.
  14. Web site: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo . Insst.es . 2021-11-26.
  15. Web site: ISO 45001:2018 (БДС ISO 45001:2018) Cистеми за управление на здравето и безопасността при работa. consejo.bg.
  16. Web site: China – Safety Standard of Machinery and Equipment.. ilo.org.
  17. Web site: boutique.afnor.org.
  18. Web site: BS EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008 – Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Recommended force limits for machinery operation – BSI British Standards. shop.bsigroup.com.
  19. Web site: INDIAN STANDARD CODE FOR ELECTRICAL WORK SAFETY. Scribd.
  20. Web site: Znaki BHP w miejscu pracy (norma PN-93/N-01256/03). Julita. Krzemińska. 13 November 2017.
  21. Web site: ГОСТ 12.2.061-81 СИСТЕМА СТАНДАРТОВ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТРУДА. ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЕ. Общие требования безопасности к рабочим местам. Охрана труда. Техника безопасности. tehbez.ru.
  22. Web site: Healthcare Safety – OSHA Safety Training Videos & DVDs.
  23. Web site: IAEA safety standards.
  24. https://www.rivm.nl/en/electromagnetic-fields/emf-work rivm.nl/
  25. https://www.matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/28090?publication=6 matsne.gov.ge/
  26. http://ficci.in/events/23506/ISP/Dr_Brij_Mohan_DGFASLI.pdf ficci.in/
  27. http://www.bds-bg.org/bg/standard/?natstandard_document_id=6477 bds-bg.org/
  28. https://www.forbes.com/sites/pragyaagarwaleurope/2018/12/31/how-does-lighting-affect-mental-health-in-the-workplace/#3564ab184ccd forbes.com/
  29. https://sphera.com/about-us/ Sphera Official website
  30. https://www.epa.gov/cameo/aloha-software epa.gov
  31. https://www.highskillz.com/games/weldzone-simulator/ highskillz.com
  32. https://www.safety2020canada.com/aboutus/world-congress-safety-health/ safety2020canada.com
  33. https://emergencyelectricianlondon365.co.uk/electrical-safety-signs-and-symbols-and-their-meanings/ emergencyelectricianlondon365.co.uk

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