Woodwardia prolifera explained

Woodwardia prolifera is a species of fern in the family Blechnaceae found in China, Japan and the Himalayas.[1] [2] It was first described by Sir William Jackson Hooker and George Arnott Walker Arnott in 1838.[3]

Distribution

This species can be found growing around coastal locations, mountain slopes and near streams. They usually occur in wet conditions at elevations between 100 – 1,100m.[4]

Description

Their fronds are between 1.5 – 3m in length and can vary in colour from green to orange. They have pink-orange plantlets. These evergreen plants usually grow in chalky, acidic soil under light shade.[5] [6]

They are also a diploid species. Their spores are between 75 – 78 microns long and their guard cells are between 35 – 51 microns long.[7]

Taxonomy

This species is known by the names W. orientalis var. prolifera or var. formosana. Although its possible to visually distinguish, they are closely related to and are sometimes confused with Woodwardia orientalis.

Cultivation

This species is a popular plant in horticulture. It has gained the Award of Garden Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society.[8]

They can be propagated by pegging down their fronds and then letting the plantlets or bulbils create roots before removing them from the frond. The bulbils or plantlets can also be planted separately although high humidity is required. They can also be easily propagated with spores.

Chemistry

Three different lignans, blechnic acid, 7-epiblechnic acid, and brainic acid are known to be present in Woodwardia prolifera.[9]

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Woodwardia prolifera in Flora of China @ efloras.org. 2020-10-02. www.efloras.org.
  2. Web site: Pan-Global Plants - Ferns. 2020-10-02. en-US.
  3. Web site: Botany of Captain Beechey's Voyage ; comprising an account of the plants collected by Messrs. Lay and Collie... International Plant Names Index. 2020-10-02. www.ipni.org.
  4. Pyner. Tim. Woodwardia in cultivation. Royal Horticultural Society.
  5. Web site: Pyner. Tim. 2014-11-16. Woodwardia orientalis in cultivation. 2020-10-02. The British Pteridological Society. en-GB.
  6. Web site: Woodwardia prolifera, syn. Woodwardia orientalis var. formosana.. 2020-10-02. les-jardins-decoute-sil-pleut.com.
  7. Web site: Pyner. Tim. 2014-11-19. Woodwardia orientalis and W. prolifera update. 2020-10-02. The British Pteridological Society. en-GB.
  8. Web site: AGM Plants March 2020 © RHS – ORNAMENTAL . The Royal Horticultural Society . 7 October 2020 .
  9. Wada. Hiroshi. Kido. Tsunehiro. Tanaka. Nobutoshi. Murakami. Takao. Saiki. Yasuhisa. Chen. Chiu-Ming. 1992. Chemical and Chemotaxonomical Studies of Ferns. LXXXI. Characteristic Lignans of Blechnaceous Ferns.. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. en. 40. 8. 2099–2101. 10.1248/cpb.40.2099. 0009-2363. free.