Heptathlon Explained

Event:Heptathlon
Wrmen: Ashton Eaton 6645 pts (2012)
Wrwomen: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 7291 pts (1988)
Orwomen: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 7291 pts (1988)
Crwomen: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 7128 pts (1987)
Icrmen: Ashton Eaton 6645 pts (2012)

A heptathlon is a track and field combined events contest made up of seven events.[1] The name derives from the Greek ἑπτά (hepta, meaning "seven") and ἄθλος (áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon, meaning "competition"). A competitor in a heptathlon is referred to as a heptathlete.

There are two heptathlons – the men's and the women's heptathlon – composed of different events. The men's heptathlon is older and is currently held indoors, contested at the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The women's heptathlon is held outdoors and was introduced in the 1980s, first appearing in the Olympics in 1984. It is currently contested in the athletics programme of the Olympics and at the World Athletics Championships.

Women's heptathlon

Women's heptathlon is the combined event for women contested in the athletics programme of the Olympics and at the World Athletics Championships. The World Athletics Combined Events Tour determines a yearly women's heptathlon champion. The women's outdoor heptathlon consists of the following events, with the first four contested on the first day, and the remaining three on day two:

The heptathlon has been contested by female athletes since the early 1980s, when it replaced the pentathlon as the primary women's combined event contest (the javelin throw and 800 m were added).[2] It was first contested at the Olympic level in the 1984 Summer Olympics. In recent years some women's decathlon competitions have been conducted, consisting of the same events as the men's competition in a slightly different order, and World Athletics has begun keeping records for it, but the heptathlon remains the championship-level combined event for women. Nafissatou Thiam, representing Belgium, is the 2024 Olympic Gold Medallist, after successfully defending her previous 2016 and 2020 titles. She is also the reigning European Champion. Katarina Johnson-Thompson, representing Great Britain, is the current World Champion and Commonwealth Champion. Odile Ahouanwanou. Yekaterina Voronina, Kiara Reddingius, Luisarys Toledo and Ariana Ince hold the African, Asian, Oceanian, South American and NACAC (North American, Central American and Caribbean) titles respectively. Adriana Rodríguez, Marthe Koala, Swapna Barman and Elenani Tinai hold the Panamerican Games, African Games, Asian Games and Pacific Games titles respectively.[3]

There is also a Tetradecathlon, which is a double heptathlon, consisting of 14 events, seven events per day.

Points system

The heptathlon scoring system was devised by Dr Karl Ulbrich, a Viennese mathematician. The formulae are constructed so that, for each event, a designated benchmark performance (for example, approximately 1.82 m for the high jump) scores 1000 points.[4] Each event also has a minimum recordable performance level (e.g. 0.75 m for the high jump), corresponding to zero points. The formulae are devised so that successive constant increments in performance correspond to gradually increasing increments in points awarded.

The events are split into three groups, and the scores are calculated according to the three formulae:[5]

Running events (200 m, 800 m and 100 m hurdles):

P=INT(a ⋅ (b-T)c

)

Jumping events (high jump and long jump):

P=INT(a ⋅ (M-b)c

)

Throwing events (shot put and javelin):

P=INT(a ⋅ (D-b)c

)

P is for points, T is for time in seconds, M is for height or distance in centimeters and D is distance in meters. a, b and c have different values for each of the events, as follows:

Eventabc
200 metres4.9908742.51.81
800 metres0.111932541.88
100 metres hurdles9.2307626.71.835
High jump1.84523751.348
Long jump0.1888072101.41
Shot put56.02111.51.05
Javelin throw15.98033.81.04

Benchmarks

The following table shows the benchmark levels needed to earn 1000, 900, 800 and 700 points in each event.

Event 1,000 pts 900 pts 800 pts 700 pts Unit
100 m hurdles 13.85 14.56 15.32 16.12 Seconds
High jump 1.82 1.74 1.66 1.57 Metres
Shot put 17.07 15.58 14.09 12.58 Metres
200 m 23.80 24.86 25.97 27.14 Seconds
Long jump 6.48 6.17 5.84 5.50 Metres
Javelin throw 57.18 52.04 46.87 41.68 Metres
800 m 2:07.63 2:14.52 2:21.77 2:29.47 Minutes:Seconds

Women's world records compared with heptathlon bests

Event! style="width:35px;"
TypeAthleteRecordScoreDifference in points valueDatePlaceNotes/Ref
100 m hurdlesWR1261
HB12.54 s (+1.3 m/s) 1195 −66 3 August 2012 [6]
High jumpWR1373
HB2.02 m 1264 −109 22 June 2019 [7]
Shot putWR22.63 m 1378
HB17.31 m[8] 1016 −362 3 August 2012 [9]
200 mWR21.34 s 1251
HB22.30 s (+0.0 m/s) 1150 −101 15 July 1988
Long jumpWR7.52 m 1351
HB7.27 m (+0.7 m/s) 1264 −87 24 September 1988
Javelin[10] WR72.28 m 1295 Current 1999 model
HB 60.90 m 1072 −223 16 September 2012 Current 1999 model[11]
WRPetra Felke 80.00 m 1448 Old model
HBTessa Sanderson 64.64 m 1145 −303 Old model
800 mWR1:53.28 min:s 1224
HB2:01.84 min:s 1087 −137 27 September 1987
TotalWorld record 9133
Heptathlon bests 8048 −1085

Men's heptathlon

The other version is an indoor competition, normally contested by men only. It is the men's combined event in the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The men's indoor heptathlon consists of the following events, with the first four contested on the first day, and remaining three on day two:

The scoring is similar for both versions. In each event, the athlete scores points for his performance in each event according to scoring tables issued by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF).[12] The athlete accumulating the highest number of points wins the competition.

Benchmarks

The following table shows the minimum benchmark levels required to earn 1000 points in each event.

Event 1000pts Units
60 m 6.68 Seconds
Long jump 7.76 Metres
Shot put 18.40 Metres
High jump 2.21 Metres
60 m hurdles 7.69 Seconds
Pole vault 5.29 Metres
1000 m 2:29.00 Minutes:Seconds

Men's world records compared with heptathlon bests

Event! style="width:35px;"
TypeAthleteRecordScoreDifference in points valueRef
60 m
WR1130
HB6.61 s 1026 −104
Long jump
WR1268
HB8.26 m 1128 −140 [13]
Shot put
WR22.82 m 1276
HB17.17 m 924 −352
High jump
WR2.43 m 1223
HB2.30 m 1091 −132 [14]
60 m hurdles
WRGrant Holloway7.29 s 1168
HB7.60 s 1085 −83
Pole vault
WR6.22 m 1304
HB5.60 m 1100 −204
1000 m
WR2:14.20 min:s 1182
HB2:23.63 min:s 1064 −118
TotalWorld record 8586
Heptathlon bests 7418 −1168

All-time top 25

Women

See also: Women's heptathlon world record progression.

RankScoreAthleteDatePlaceRef
1729123–24 September 1988Seoul
(12.69/+0.8 - 1.86 - 15.80 - 22.56/+1.6 / 7.27/+0.7 - 45.66 - 2:08.51)
2703225–26 August 2007Osaka
(13.15/+0.1 - 1.95 - 14.81 - 23.38/+0.3 / 6.85/+1.0 - 47.98 - 2:12.56)
3701327–28 May 2017Götzis[16]
(13.34/-0.7 - 1.98 - 14.51 - 24.40/-1.6 / 6.56/+0.8 - 59.32 - 2:15.24)
4700710–11 June 1989Bryansk
(13.40/+1.4 - 1.89 - 16.45 - 23.97/+1.1 / 6.73/+4.0 - 53.94 - 2:15.31)
5698827–28 May 2023Götzis[17]
(12.75/+0.7 - 1.92 - 13.90 - 22.88/+0.1 / 6.54/+1.2 - 43.08 - 2:02.97)
6698530–31 May 1992Götzis
(13.11/-0.4 - 1.93 - 14.84 - 23.65/+2.0 / 6.63/+2.9 - 51.62 - 2:12.67)
769812–4 October 2019Doha[18]
(13.09/+0.6 - 1.95 - 13.86 - 23.08/+1.0 / 6.77/+0.2 - 43.93 - 2:07.26)
869553–4 August 2012London
(12.54/+1.3 - 1.86 - 14.28 - 22.83/-0.3 / 6.48/-0.6 - 47.49 - 2:08.65)
969465–6 May 1984Potsdam
(12.64/+0.3 - 1.80 - 15.37 - 23.37/+0.7 / 6.86/-0.2 - 44.62 - 2:08.93)
10694225–26 May 1996Götzis
(13.78/+0.3 - 1.87 - 15.64 - 23.78/+0.6 / 6.77/+0.6 - 54.74 - 2:13.61)
11693518–19 June 1983Moscow
(13.42/+1.8 - 1.82 - 15.25 - 23.49/+0.5 / 6.79/+0.7 - 49.94 - 2:07.51)
1268894–5 June 2005Arles
(12.62/+2.9 - 1.91 - 12.61 - 24.12/+1.2 / 6.78/+3.4 - 53.07 - 2:14.66)
13686717–18 July 2022Eugene[19]
(13.30/+0.7 - 1.80 - 16.25 - 23.73/+1.4 / 6.52/+0.3 - 58.29 - 2:20.09)
14685920–21 June 1984Kyiv
(12.93/+1.0 - 1.83 - 13.66 - 23.57/-0.3 / 6.73/+0.4 - 46.26 - 2:04.60)
15685823–24 September 1988Seoul
(13.20/+0.8 - 1.83 - 14.20 - 23.10/+1.6 / 6.68/ - 44.54 - 2:04.20)
1668471–2 August 1992Barcelona
(13.25/ - 1.88 - 13.77 - 23.34/ / 6.82/ - 41.90 - 2:05.08)
17683627–28 May 2017Götzis
(13.09/+1.0 - 1.86 - 14.76 - 23.36/+0.7 / 6.57/+0.9 - 49.80 - 2:14.73)
18683225–26 August 2007Osaka
(13.25/+0.1 - 1.92 - 14.44 - 24.09/+0.3 / 6.88/+1.0 - 47.77 - 2:16.68)
19683129–30 July 2000Götzis
(13.13/+1.0 - 1.84 - 15.07 - 24.01/+3.6 / 6.69/-0.4 - 49.42 - 2:12.20)
20681527–28 May 2017Götzis
(13.10/+1.0 - 1.77 - 13.53 - 23.49/-2.9 / 6.64/+0.8 - 56.17 - 2:11.76)
21680830–31 May 2015Götzis
(13.05/-0.2 - 1.89 - 13.73 - 23.34/+1.4 / 6.72/+0.9 - 42.96 - 2:09.37)
22680315–16 September 1984Talence
(13.27/+1.2 - 1.87 - 15.49 - 24.15/+1.6 / 6.43/+0.2 - 51.74 - 2:13.55)
23677830–31 July 2010Barcelona
(13.59/-1.6 - 1.86 - 15.88 - 24.23/-0.2 / 6.56/+0.3 - 49.25 - 2:12.06)
24676522–23 July 2000Tula
(13.54/-2.8 - 1.82 - 14.30 - 23.37/-0.2 / 6.72/+1.0 - 43.40 - 2:04.27)
25674226–27 May 2018Götzis[20]
(13.48/+0.3 - 1.86 - 14.95 - 23.96/-0.6 / 6.58/+2.3 - 48.65 - 2:12.73)

Notes

Below is a list of all other scores equal or superior to 6875 pts:

Annulled marks

Men

See also: Men's heptathlon world record progression.

RankScoreAthleteDatePlaceRef
16645 9–10 March 2012Istanbul
26639 10–11 March 2023Albuquerque[22]
36518 10–11 March 2023Albuquerque
4648918–19 March 2022Belgrade[23]
564794–5 March 2017Belgrade[24]
66476 13–14 March 1993Toronto
76438 6–7 March 2004Budapest
86424 25–26 February 2000Ghent
9641828–29 February 1992Genoa
2–3 March 2024Glasgow[25]
116415 28 February – 1 March 1998Valencia
126412 7–8 February 2003Moscow
1364072–3 March 2024Glasgow[26]
14638226–27 February 2022Spokane[27]
156374 6–7 March 1999Maebashi
166372 2–3 March 2013Gothenburg
1763718–9 March 2008Valencia
1863627–8 March 2009Turin
19636115–16 March 2003Birmingham
2063537–8 March 2015Prague
2163478–9 March 2024Boston[28]
22634418–19 March 2022Belgrade
2363402–3 March 2024Glasgow[29]
24632016–17 February 2020Kirov[30]
2563037–8 March 2014Sopot

Notes

Below is a list of all other scores equal or superior to 6303 pts:

Medalists

Men's World Indoor Championships medalists

1995 Barcelona
1997 Paris
1999 Maebashi
2001 Lisbon
2003 Birmingham
2004 Budapest
2006 Moscow
2008 Valencia
2010 Doha
2012 Istanbul
2014 Sopot
2016 Portland
2018 Birmingham
2022 Belgrade
2024 Glasgow

Season's bests

Women's heptathlon

The world record as of 18/07/2024 is highlighed in yellow.

YearScoreAthletePlace
19806049Pyatigorsk
19816788Kyiv
19826845Halle
19836935Moscow
19846946Potsdam
19856718Baton Rouge
19867158Houston
19877128Rome
19887291Seoul
19897007Bryansk
19906783Seattle
19916878New York City
19927044Barcelona
19936837Stuttgart
19946741Talence
19956715Götzis
19966942Götzis
19976787Ratingen
19986559Budapest
19996861Seville
20006842Götzis
20016736Götzis
20026542Munich
20037001Saint-Denis
20046952Athens
20056889Arles
20066740Gothenburg
20077032Osaka
20086733Beijing
20096731Berlin
20106823Barcelona
20116790Götzis
20126955London
20136623Kazan
20146682Götzis
20156808Götzis
20166810Rio de Janeiro
20177013Götzis
20186816Berlin
20196981Doha
20206419Götzis
20216791Tokyo
20226947Eugene
20236988Götzis

Men's indoor heptathlon

YearScoreAthletePlace
19996386Maebashi
20006424Ghent
20016420 Lisbon
20026291Tallinn
20036412Moscow
20046438 Budapest
20056232Madrid
20066229Moscow
20076196Birmingham
20086371Valencia
20096362Turin
20106499Fayetteville
20116568Tallinn
20126645 Istanbul
20136372Gothenburg
20146632Sopot
20156353Prague
20166470Portland
20176479Belgrade
20186348Birmingham
20196218Glasgow
20206320Kirov
20216392Toruń
20226489Belgrade
20236639 Albuquerque

National records

Women's heptathlon

Equal or superior to 6200 pts:

ScoreNationAthleteDatePlace
7291Jackie Joyner-Kersee23–24 September 1988Seoul
7032Carolina Klüft25–26 August 2007Osaka
7013Nafissatou Thiam27–28 May 2017Götzis
7007Larisa Nikitina10–11 June 1989Bryansk
6985Sabine Braun30–31 May 1992Götzis
6981Katarina Johnson-Thompson2–4 October 2019Doha
6942Ghada Shouaa25–26 May 1996Götzis
6889Eunice Barber4–5 June 2005Arles
6867Anouk Vetter17–18 July 2022Eugene
6832Lyudmyla Blonska25–26 August 2007Osaka
6815Laura Ikauniece-Admidiņa27–28 May 2017Götzis
6808Brianne Theisen-Eaton30–31 May 2015Götzis
6750Ma Miaolan11–12 September 1993Beijing
6742Yorgelis Rodríguez26–27 May 2018Götzis
6695Jane Flemming27–28 January 1990Auckland
6672Adrianna Sułek17–18 July 2022Eugene
6658Svetla Dimitrova30–31 May 1992Götzis
6651Xénia Krizsán29–30 May 2021Götzis
6639Annik Kälin8–9 August 2024Saint-Denis
6635Svetlana Buraga17–18 August 1993Stuttgart
6619Liliana Nastase1–2 August 1992Barcelona
6604Remigija Nazaroviene10–11 June 1989Bryansk
6591Verena Preiner29–30 June 2019Ratingen
6527Diane Guthrie-Gresham2–3 June 1995Knoxville
6462Eunice Barber29–30 May 1999Arles
6460Eliška Klučinová14–15 June 2014Kladno
6423Lyubov Ratsu27–28 August 1983Chişinău
6423Margaret Simpson28–29 May 2005Götzis
6418Tyra Gittens13–14 May 2021College Station
6404Satu Ruotsalainen26–27 August 1991Tokyo
6392Yasmina Azzizi26–27 August 1991Tokyo
6386 Martha Araújo8–9 August 2024Saint-Denis
6379Sveva Gerevini7–8 June 2024Rome
6371Akela Jones10–11 June 2015Eugene
6349Yekaterina Voronina28–29 May 2021Tashkent
6304María Vicente24–25 April 2021Lana
6297Kate O'Connor24–25 April 2021Lana
6293Jana Koščak27–28 May 2023Götzis
6280Grit Šadeiko27–28 May 2017Götzis
6278Joanne Henry28 February – 1 March 1992Auckland
6274Odile Ahouanwanou19–20 June 2021Ratingen
6272Yelena Davydova13–14 July 1987Zagreb
6250Marthe Koala29–30 May 2021Götzis
6235Aryiro Strataki27–28 May 2006Götzis
6230Naide Gomes16–17 July 2005Logroño
6226Ida Marcussen25–26 August 2007Osaka
6211Javur Jagadeeshappa Shobha16–17 March 2004New Delhi

Men's indoor heptathlon

Equal or superior to 6000 pts:

ScoreNationAthleteDatePlace
6645Ashton Eaton9–10 March 2012Istanbul
6518 Ayden Owens-Delerme10–11 March 2023Albuquerque
6489Damian Warner18–19 March 2022Belgrade
6479Kevin Mayer4–5 March 2017Belgrade
6438Roman Šebrle6–7 March 2004Budapest
6418Simon Ehammer2–3 March 2024Glasgow
6415Sebastian Chmara28 February – 1 March 1998Valencia
6412Lev Lobodin7–8 February 2003Moscow
6407Sander Skotheim2–3 March 2024Glasgow
6374Erki Nool6–7 March 1999Maebashi
6372Eelco Sintnicolaas2–3 March 2013Gothenburg
6347Leo Neugebauer8–9 March 2024Boston
6344Ashley Moloney18–19 March 2022Belgrade
6340Ken Mullings26–27 January 2024Champaign
6303Andrei Krauchanka7–8 March 2014Sopot
6293Jón Arnar Magnússon6–7 March 1999Maebashi
6259Thomas van der Plaetsen7–8 March 2014Sopot
6254Oleksiy Kasyanov30–31 January 2010Zaporizhzhia
6249Dezső Szabó28 February – 1 March 1998Valencia
6249Jorge Ureña28–29 January 2017Prague
6229Dmitriy Karpov15–16 February 2008Tallinn
6188Timothy Duckworth9–10 March 2018College Station
6142Henrik Dagård11–12 March 1995Barcelona
6099Mihail Dudaš2–3 March 2013Gothenburg
6076Dario Dester20–21 February 2021Ancona
6065Roland Schwarzl20–21 February 2010Vienna
6036Darko Pešić6–7 February 2021Belgrade
6035Maurice Smith25–26 February 2005Fayetteville
6032Prodromos Korkizoglou11–12 February 2000Piraeus
6029Lindon Victor18–19 March 2022Belgrade

Men's heptathlon under-20 records

Key:

✕ = Inadequate doping control

EventRecordAthleteNationalityDateMeetPlaceAgeRef
Heptathlon (Senior implements)6022✕Gunnar Nixon27-28 January 2012Razorback InvitationalFayetteville[31]
(7.10 - 7.53 - 13.97 - 2.15 / 8.21 - 4.50 - 2:40.15)
Heptathlon (U20 implements)align=right 6062Jente Hauttekeete13-14 February 2021Mehrkampf - Siebenkampf U20Frankfurt[32]
(7.07 - 7.33 - 15.64 - 2.10 / 8.06 - 4.70 - 2:46.71)

Men's heptathlon under-20 bests

(In completed heptathlons of more than 5200 points)

EventSpecificationResultScoreAthleteNationDateMeetPlaceAgeRef
60 malign=right 6.75align=right 973Ayden Owensalign=right 8 March 2019NCAA Division 1 Indoor ChampionshipsBirmingham[33]
Long jumpalign=right 7.96 malign=right 1050Eusebio Cáceresalign=right 6 March 2010Spanish Junior Indoor ChampionshipsSan Sebastián[34]
Shot put6 kgalign=right 16.51 malign=right 883Simon Petterssonalign=right 10 March 2012Swedish Indoor Junior Combined Events ChampionshipsGöteborg[35]
7.26 kgalign=right 15.06 malign=right 793Matas Adamonisalign=right 14 December 2017Šiauliai[36]
High jump2.19 m982Yaroslav Rybakovalign=right 13 February 1999Russian U20 Indoor Combined Events ChampionshipsChelyabinsk[37]
Andrei Krauchankaalign=right 5 February 2005Reval Hotels CupTallinn[38]
First-day scoreU20 implementsalign=right 3476Jente Hauttekeetealign=right 13 February 2021Mehrkampf - Siebenkampf U20Frankfurt
Senior implementsalign=right 3466Andrei Krauchankaalign=right 5 February 2005Reval Hotels CupTallinn
60 m hurdles0.991 malign=right 7.68align=right 1064Maxime MoitieCharnoisalign=right 12 February 2023French U20 Indoor Combined Events ChampionshipsVal-de-Reuil[39]
1.067 malign=right 7.84align=right 1022Ayden Owensalign=right 9 March 2019NCAA Division 1 Indoor ChampionshipsBirmingham[40]
Pole vault5.55 m1083Oleksandr Korchmidalign=right 20 December 2001Ukraine Junior MEBrovary[41]
1000 malign=right 2:30.67align=right 980align=right 5 March 1994Prague[42]
Second-day scoreU20 implementsalign=right 2713Maxime Moitie-Charnoisalign=right 12 February 2023French U20 Indoor Combined Events ChampionshipsVal-de-Reuil[43]
Senior implementsalign=right 2663André Niklausalign=right 6 February 2000Frankfurt-Kalbach Int. ME MeetingFrankfurt-Kalbach[44]

See also

Other multiple event contests include:

Summer sports
Winter sports
Other

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Heptathlon – Definition. Merriam-webster.com . 2012-08-31 . 2013-08-18.
  2. Web site: D'Andrea . Christian . 2016-08-12 . Here's how the heptathlon works . 2023-12-18 . SBNation.com . en.
  3. Holders correct as of 2020. The European Games does not feature a heptathlon event.
  4. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/aug/03/london-2012-jessica-ennis-heptathlon "London 2012: Jessica Ennis leads heptathlon after first day"
  5. Web site: IAAF Scoring Tables for Combined Events . . 15 . April 2004 . August 5, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080910115455/http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/Competitions/TechnicalArea/ScoringTables_CE_744.pdf . September 10, 2008 . mdy-all .
  6. Web site: Women's Heptathlon 100 Metres Hurdles Results. IAAF. August 3, 2012. August 5, 2012.
  7. Web site: World Combined Best Performances . worldathletics.org . 25 August 2023.
  8. In 1977, Eva Wilms threw 20.79m during a pentathlon event, which is sometimes referred to as the heptathlon best.
  9. Web site: Women's Heptathlon Shot Put Results. IAAF. August 3, 2012. August 6, 2012.
  10. Women's javelin was redesigned in 1999 and all records started afresh. Point allocation for Heptathlon remained the same, but the comparison is being made between the WR and Heptathlon best of the current model.
  11. News: Van Alphen and Yosypenko prevail in Talence – IAAF Combined Events Challenge. IAAF. Hans van Kuijen. September 16, 2012. September 18, 2012.
  12. http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/Competitions/TechnicalArea/ScoringTables_CE_744.pdf
  13. News: 29 January 2022 . Simon Ehammer Sets Long Jump World Record in Heptathlon of 8.26m . watchathletics.com . 29 January 2022.
  14. News: Krajewski . Casey . February 22, 2013 . Drouin Jumps to World Record in Heptathlon . Indiana Daily Student . dead . February 22, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140606215848/http://www.idsnews.com/blogs/hoosierhype/?p=21792 . June 6, 2014 . mdy-all.
  15. http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/combined-events/heptathlon/outdoor/women/senior Heptathlon – women – senior – outdoor
  16. News: Thiam scores 7013 to break meeting record in Götzis. IAAF. Diego Sampaolo. 28 May 2017. 28 May 2017.
  17. Web site: Hall scores 6988 to win Götzis heptathlon, LePage takes decathlon. World Athletics. Diego Sanpaolo. 28 May 2023. 31 May 2023.
  18. Web site: Heptathlon Results. IAAF. 3 October 2019. 5 October 2019.
  19. Web site: Women's Heptathlon Final Results. World Athletics. 18 July 2022. 20 July 2022.
  20. News: World leads for Thiam and Warner in Gotzis. IAAF. Diego Sampaolo. 27 May 2018. 28 May 2018.
  21. http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/combined-events/heptathlon/indoor/men/senior Heptathlon – men – senior – indoor
  22. Web site: Heptathlon Results. flashresults.ncaa.com. 11 March 2023. 17 March 2023.
  23. Web site: 19 March 2022 . Heptathlon Results . 19 March 2022 . World Athletics.
  24. Web site: 5 March 2017 . Men's Heptathlon Results . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170305214525/http://www.european-athletics.org/externalmodules/AT/pdf/ATM700000_C73U.pdf . 5 March 2017 . 5 March 2017 . European Athletics.
  25. Web site: Heptathlon Results. World Athletics. 3 March 2024. 4 March 2024.
  26. Web site: Heptathlon Results. World Athletics. 3 March 2024. 4 March 2024.
  27. News: 28 February 2022 . Scantling and Crouser book Belgrade places with world-leading victories at US Indoor Championships . World Athletics . 28 February 2022.
  28. Web site: Heptathlon Results. flashresults.ncaa.com. 9 March 2024. 10 March 2024.
  29. Web site: Heptathlon Results. World Athletics. 3 March 2024. 4 March 2024.
  30. News: 18 February 2020 . Артем Макаренко завоевал золото на ЧР по семиборью в помещении . ru . mir-la.com . 17 December 2020.
  31. Web site: IAAF World Indoor Championships Birmingham 2018 Statistics Handbook . https://web.archive.org/web/20200329112203/https://worldathletics.org/ebooks/2018/WIC/publication/contents/pdfweb.pdf#page=244 . 29 March 2020 . live . IAAF Athletics . World Athletics . 21 February 2018.
  32. Web site: Siebenkampf (Halle) Männliche Jugend U20 - Resultate Offiziell . https://web.archive.org/web/20210214224356/https://ergebnisse.leichtathletik.de/Competitions/MultiResultList/236902/4220 . 14 February 2021 . live . 2 February 2024 . Deutcher Leichtathletik Verband.
  33. Web site: All-time Indoor Heptathlon individual event lists . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201230557/https://decaamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Indoor-Hepta-Individual-event-lists-230312.pdf . 1 February 2024 . live . Yoshiaki Oikawa . DecaAmerica . 17 March 2023.
  34. Web site: All-time Indoor Heptathlon individual event lists . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201230557/https://decaamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Indoor-Hepta-Individual-event-lists-230312.pdf#page=4 . 1 February 2024 . live . Yoshiaki Oikawa . DecaAmerica . 17 March 2023.
  35. Web site: Resultat: ISM-IJSM-IUSM Mångkamp, Göteborg/FH 10‐11.3.12 Inne . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201230841/https://www.friidrottsstatistik.se/resultsswe.php?CID=12962236&Season=2012 . 1 February 2024 . live . 2 February 2024 . Svensk Friidrotts resultat- och statistikdatabas . Friidrottsstatistik.
  36. Web site: 7-kovė vyrai - Lithuanian LAF Cup Multi-Athletic Competition, Šiauliai, 2017 December 14-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181008181236/http://lengvoji.lt/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/20171214KDV.xls . 8 October 2018 . live . 16 December 2017 . Lithuanian Athletics Federation . Lithuanian Athletics Federation.
  37. Web site: All-time Indoor Heptathlon individual event lists . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201230557/https://decaamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Indoor-Hepta-Individual-event-lists-230312.pdf#page=9 . 1 February 2024 . live . Yoshiaki Oikawa . DecaAmerica . 17 March 2023.
  38. Web site: IAAF International Association of Athletics Federations - Top Lists - Heptathlon 2005 . https://web.archive.org/web/20050310041511/http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=I/ageGroup=N/season=2005/gender=M/discipline=HEP/legal=A/index.html . 10 March 2005 . dead . 2 February 2024 . . IAAF.
  39. Web site: les Résultats des Compétitions - 11/02/23 - Championnats de France d'épreuves combinées/marche en salle . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201231618/https://bases.athle.fr/asp.net/liste.aspx?frmbase=resultats&frmmode=1&frmespace=0&frmcompetition=272854&frmepreuve=Heptathlon+Jh-salle+%2F+JUM . 1 February 2024 . live . 2 February 2024 . Fédération Française d'Athlétisme . Athlé.
  40. Web site: All-time Indoor Heptathlon individual event lists . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201230557/https://decaamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Indoor-Hepta-Individual-event-lists-230312.pdf#page=12 . 1 February 2024 . live . Yoshiaki Oikawa . DecaAmerica . 17 March 2023.
  41. Web site: All-time Indoor Heptathlon individual event lists . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201230557/https://decaamerica.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Indoor-Hepta-Individual-event-lists-230312.pdf#page=14 . 1 February 2024 . live . Yoshiaki Oikawa . DecaAmerica . 17 March 2023.
  42. Web site: Český Atletický Svaz Halová Ročenka 1994 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220121051548/https://www.atletika.cz/_sys_/FileStorage/download/17/16329/1994i.pdf#page=37 . 21 January 2022 . live . April 1994 . Český Atletický Svaz . Český Atletický Svaz.
  43. Web site: les Résultats des Compétitions . https://web.archive.org/web/20240201232254/https://bases.athle.fr/asp.net/athletes.aspx?base=resultats&seq=50494851455444554257485150495049&saison=2023 . 1 February 2024 . live . 2 February 2024 . Fédération Française d'Athlétisme . Athlé.
  44. Web site: IAAF International Association of Athletics Federations - Top Lists - Heptathlon 2000 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071112031637/http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=I/ageGroup=N/season=2000/gender=M/discipline=HEP/legal=A/index.html . 12 November 2007 . dead . 2 February 2024 . . IAAF.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Heptathlon".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.