Wobé language explained

Wobé
Also Known As:Northern Wèè
States:Ivory Coast
Date:1993
Ref:e18
Familycolor:Niger-Congo
Fam2:Atlantic–Congo
Fam3:Kru
Fam4:Western Kru
Fam5:Wee
Iso3:wob
Glotto:weno1238
Glottorefname:Wobe-Wè Northern

Wobé (Ouobe) is a Kru language spoken in Ivory Coast. It is one of several languages in a dialect continuum called Wèè (Wɛɛ).

Tone

Wobé is known for claims that it has the largest number of tones (fourteen) of any language in the world.[1] However, other researchers has not confirmed this, many of whom believe that some of these will turn out to be sequences of tones or prosodic effects,[2] [3] [4] though the Wèè languages in general do have extraordinarily large tone systems.

The fourteen posited tones are:

IPApronounced as /˥/pronounced as /˦/pronounced as /˧/pronounced as /˨/pronounced as /˧˥/pronounced as /˧˦/pronounced as /˨˥/pronounced as /˨˦/pronounced as /˨˧/pronounced as /˥˩/pronounced as /˦˩/ pronounced as /˧˩/ pronounced as /˨˩/pronounced as /˨˧˩/
B&L tone numbers1 2 3 4 31 32 41 42 43 15 25 35 45 435
Newman adjustment0 1 2 3 20 21 30 31 32 04 14 24 34 324

Numerals

Wobe has a quinary, decimal system, and it is one of the only two Kru languages which have adopted the decimal system.[5]

Notes and References

  1. The tone puzzle of Wobe . Thomas . Bearth . Christa . Link . Studies in African Linguistics . 11 . 2 . 1980 . 147–207.
  2. On the underlying representation of contour tones in Wobe . John Victor . Singler . Studies in African Linguistics . 15 . 1 . 1984 . 59–75.
  3. Book: Newman, Paul . Contour Tones in Grebo . The Phonological Representation of Suprasegmentals . Harry . van der Hulst . Koen . Bogers . Marten . Mous . Publications in African Languages and Linguistics (Book 4) . De Gruyter Mouton . 1986 . 190–191 (notes 12 and 14).
  4. Newman believes Singler is a valuable counterweight to Bearth & Link, but does not accept all his criticism; he accept the Wobe 43 toneme, for example, but believes it should be analyzed as /32/ (all tones being off by 1 compared to related dialects).
  5. Hofer, Verena, Numerals in Wobé language.