| Wladimir d'Ormesson | |
| Term Start: | 1948 |
| Term End: | 1956 |
| Term Start2: | 1940 |
| Term End2: | 1940 |
| Term Start3: | 1945 |
| Term End3: | 1948 |
| Birth Name: | Wladimir Lefèvre d'Ormesson |
| Birth Date: | 2 August 1888 |
| Death Place: | Ormesson-sur-Marne, Val-de-Marne, France |
| Relatives: | Jean d'Ormesson (nephew) |
| Occupation: | Journalist, essayist, novelist, diplomat |
| Awards: | Académie Française (seat 13) |
Count Wladimir Lefèvre d'Ormesson (2 August 1888 - 15 September 1973) was a French journalist, essayist, novelist and diplomat.
Wladimir d'Ormesson was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia, where his father, Count Olivier d'Ormesson, served as a diplomat. He was the uncle of Jean d'Ormesson, also a writer who, like himself, would be elected a member of the Académie Française.[1] Until the age of twenty, d'Ormesson spent the majority of his life travelling due to his father's diplomatic postings; during this time, he lived in Copenhagen, Athens and Brussels. He studied economy at the École libre des sciences politiques in 1905, but did not graduate; during this time he had already developed an interest in literature, and published a book of verse while a student.[2]
During World War I, d'Ormesson was mobilized into the French auxiliary service and later volunteered in the French Army. He was seriously wounded in Altkirch in 1916, and later served as an orderly officer under Marshal Hubert Lyautey in Morocco. He would describe his service under Marshal Lyautey in the memoir Auprès de Lyautey in 1963.[2]
After the war, d'Ormesson pursued a journalistic career. He wrote articles on foreign policy for La Revue hebdomadaire from 1922, which drew the attention of former President Raymond Poincaré. On Poincaré's recommendation, he started working for the Swiss daily Le Temps in 1924. d'Ormesson also worked for Le Journal de Genève and La Revue des deux Mondes. From 1934 he served on the editorial board of Le Figaro, while continuing to write for numerous other newspapers. In 1938, he succeeded Georges Goyau as president of the Corporation of Christian Publicists (Corporation des publicistes chrétiens).[2]
d'Ormesson's career as a diplomat began in May 1940, when he was named French ambassador to the Holy See by Prime Minister Paul Reynaud. He only served in this position for a few months, until he was recalled by the Vichy government of Marshal Philippe Pétain. On returning to France he settled in Lyon in the free zone, where the editorial of Le Figaro was now based, and once again took up work for the newspaper. When the free zone in southern France was occupied by Nazi Germany in November 1942, he was condemned to death in absentia by a court of the Milice; d'Ormesson spend the rest of World War II in hiding, and did not resurface in public life until after the liberation of France.[2]
After the liberation, d'Ormesson was named ambassador of France to Argentina by Prime Minister Charles de Gaulle in 1945; from 1946, he also represented France in Chile. In 1948 he was once again named ambassador to the Holy See, and would remain as such until 1956. In 1956 he was also elected a member of the Académie Française, replacing Paul Claudel on seat 13. From 1964, he was president of the Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française, the French national broadcasting agency.[3]
Aside from his journalistic and diplomatic career, d'Ormesson was also a prolific writer: he wrote many essays (Dans la nuit européenne, La Confiance de l'Allemagne) and some novels (La Préface d'une vie). He died at Ormesson Castle in Ormesson-sur-Marne, Val-de-Marne, where he is also buried.[3]