Wim Crusio Explained

Wim E. Crusio
Birth Date:1954 12, df=yes
Birth Place:Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands
Native Name:Wilhelmus Elisabeth Crusio
Citizenship:Dutch
Fields:behavioral and neural genetics, behavioral neuroscience
Workplaces:Radboud University Nijmegen, University of Heidelberg, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS; Paris, Orleans, and Talence (Bordeaux)), University of Massachusetts Medical School
Alma Mater:Radboud University Nijmegen
Thesis Title:Olfaction and behavioral responses to novelty in mice: a quantitative-genetic analysis
Thesis Url:http://repository.ubn.ru.nl/bitstream/handle/2066/148360/mmubn000001_027651975.pdf?sequence=1
Thesis Year:1984
Doctoral Advisor:Hans van Abeelen
Academic Advisors:Bram van Overbeeke,
Hendrik de Wit,
Victor Westhoff
Known For:Behavioral neurogenetics of the hippocampus, mouse models of neuropsychiatric disorders
Author Abbrev Bot:Crusio
Awards:IBANGS Distinguished Service Award

Wim E. Crusio (born Wilhelmus Elisabeth Crusio on 20 December 1954) is a Dutch behavioral neurogeneticist and a directeur de recherche (research director) with the French National Centre for Scientific Research in Talence, France.

Education and career

Crusio received his bachelor's degree in biology from Radboud University Nijmegen in 1975, where he went on to obtain a master's degree and then a PhD in 1979 and 1984, respectively.[1] His Anubias revision, which was originally published in 1979, was translated in German[2] and continues to engender interest.[3] For his PhD thesis, Crusio studied the inheritance of the effects of anosmia on exploratory behavior of mice, and more in general the genetic architecture of exploratory behavior, using quantitative-genetic methods such as the diallel cross.[4] From 1984 to 1987, Crusio worked as a postdoc at the University of Heidelberg, supported by a NATO Science Fellowship[5] and an Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellowship.[6] During 1988, Crusio spent a year in Paris, France, supported by a fellowship from the Fyssen Foundation.[7] He then returned to Heidelberg as a senior research scientist before being recruited as chargé de recherche by the CNRS, initially working in an institute of the Université René Descartes (Paris V) and later moving to the CNRS campus in Orléans, having been promoted to directeur de recherche. In 2000 he became full professor of psychiatry at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, Massachusetts, returning to the CNRS in 2005 as a group leader in the Centre de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives in Talence, a suburb of Bordeaux.[8] [9] He is currently adjunct director of the Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine.[10]

Research

Hippocampal mossy fibers

Crusio and his collaborators found that neuroanatomical variations in the mouse hippocampus, in particular the sizes of their intra- and infrapyramidal mossy fibers (IIPMF) correlated with learning performance.[11] Together with Herbert Schwegler and Hans-Peter Lipp, Crusio showed that an inverse correlation, that is, animals with larger IIPMF learn better, could be found for spatial learning in a radial arm maze task.[12] [13] [14] Taken together, Crusio and collaborators think that it is highly likely that this correlation is causal,[15] although this is not universally accepted.[16]

Mouse model of depression

When mice are exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), they start exhibiting symptoms reminiscent of major depressive disorder in humans.[17] As it had been suggested that deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis might underlie depression,[18] Crusio and collaborators undertook a series of experiments investigating changes in behavior and neurogenesis in mice that had undergone UCMS. They showed dramatic changes in levels of aggression,[19] anxiety,[20] [21] depressive-like behaviors,[20] and learning,[22] with a concomitant drop in neurogenesis.[22] However, the results were strain- and sex-specific and there did not appear to be a clear-cut correlation between the different changes, so that they finally concluded that although their data do not disprove the idea that deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis solely underlie the behavioral impairments observed in human psychiatric disorders such as depression, they do not provide support for this hypothesis either.[22]

Mouse model of autism

More recently, Crusio has been investigating the possibility that Fmr1 knockout mice might perhaps be used as a model for autism. This idea is based on the fact that patients suffering from the Fragile X syndrome, caused by a deficiency of the FMR1 gene often show autistic symptoms. A good mouse model for the Fragile X syndrome is available in the form of mice in which the Fmr1 gene (the mouse homologue of the human FMR1 gene) has been invalidated.[23] A review of the findings obtained with these mice in many different laboratories did indeed indicate that these animals display autistic-like symptoms,[24] especially changes in social behavior, a key symptom of autism.[25] [26]

Editorial activities

Crusio is the founding editor-in-chief of Genes, Brain and Behavior, which he edited from 2001 to 2011.[27] The standards for the publication of mouse mutant studies that he and his co-editors developed for this journal[28] are gradually being accepted in the field.[29] [30] [31] Since 2017, Crusio is the editor-in-chief of Behavioral and Brain Functions[32] and since 2019 co-editor of Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology.[33] He is also an academic editor of PLoS ONE and served as associate editor of Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1991–2008) and The Scientific World Journal (2002-2011). Crusio serves or has served on the editorial boards of Behavioral and Brain Functions, Behavior Genetics (1991–1995), Behavioural Brain Research (1997–2007), BMC Neuroscience, BMC Research Notes, Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal of Visualized Experiments, Molecular Brain (2012-2017), Neurogenetics (1998–2006), Physiology and Behavior, and Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences. He edited special issues for the journals Behavior Genetics,[34] Behavioural Brain Research,[35] Physiology and Behavior (with Robert Gerlai),[36] Hippocampus (with Aryeh Routtenberg),[37] and Brain Research Bulletin (with Catherine Belzung and Robert Gerlai).[38] Together with Robert Gerlai he also edited a handbook on molecular genetic techniques for behavioral neuroscience.[39] [40]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Wim E. Crusio Curriculum Vitae . Wim E. Crusio Blog . February 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171107005135/http://www.mousebehavior.com/CV-WEC.pdf . 7 November 2017 . 15 August 2018.
  2. Brünner . Gerhard . Crusio, Wim: Die Gattung Anubias (Araceae) . Aquarien Magazin . 1987 . 21 . 7 . Für Ihre Bücherei . de.
  3. Protokoll der Mitgliederversammlung 2009 des Arbeitskreises Wasserpflanzen in Dresden . . 2009 . Wolf-Dieter . Klix . 34 . 4 . 150–151 . 2010-08-22 . Announcement of re-issue on CD of 1987 German edition of Anubias revision . de . 7 October 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101007080739/http://arbeitskreis-wasserpflanzen.de/aquaplanta.php . dead .
  4. Book: Olfaction and behavioral responses to novelty in mice: A quantitative-genetic analysis . Krips Repro . 1984 . . viii+146+78 . Crusio, WE . 31 July 2016 . 14 August 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160814090047/http://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/148360 . live .
  5. Web site: Curriculum Vitae Wim E. Crusio . https://web.archive.org/web/20170130230232/http://mousebehavior.com/vitae_wec.htm . 30 January 2017 . 15 August 2018.
  6. Web site: Publications by Humboldt Research Fellows from abroad in 2005: Biosciences, Life Sciences . 2009-08-11 . 27 September 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927223351/http://www.avh.de/automat_db/pub_humboldtiana2.humboldtiana_index_pub?p_year=2005&p_group=1&p_fg2=2G . dead .
  7. Liste des boursiers 1987/1988 . . 1989 . 4 .
  8. Web site: CNIC UMR5228 – Equipe 3 – Neurogénétique comportementale . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071030031635/http://www.cnic.u-bordeaux1.fr/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=29 . 2007-10-30 . fr . 2009-08-15.
  9. Web site: Nouvel arrivant à l'INB, aujourd'hui : Wim CRUSIO . Deris, Yves . Institut des Neurosciences de Bordeaux . 2009-08-23 . fr . 17 July 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090717061310/http://www.inb.u-bordeaux2.fr/siteneuro2/pages/archiindex/Crusio/CrusioWim.php . dead .
  10. Web site: Crusio Wim . The Aquitaine Institute for Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience . 2012-12-29 . 21 October 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141021164838/http://www.incia.u-bordeaux1.fr/spip.php?article168 . live .
  11. Book: La Biologie de la Mémoire . . Que sais-je? . Chapouthier . Georges . Georges Chapouthier . 1994 . 128 . fr . 2-13-046261-8.
  12. Radial-maze performance and structural variation of the hippocampus in mice: a correlation with mossy fibre distribution . . 425 . 1 . 182–185 . November 1987 . 3427419 . 10.1016/0006-8993(87)90498-7. Crusio . W. E. . Schwegler . H . Lipp . H. P. . 39198617 .
  13. Hippocampal mossy fibers and radial-maze learning in the mouse: a correlation with spatial working memory but not with non-spatial reference memory . . 34 . 2 . 293–298 . 1990 . 2333144 . 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90139-U. Schwegler . H . Crusio . W. E. . Brust . I . 9557091 .
  14. Book: What's Wrong with My Mouse: Behavioral Phenotyping of Transgenic and Knockout Mice . John Wiley & Sons . Crawley, Jacqueline . 2007 . 138 . Jacqueline Crawley . 9780470119044 . 8 February 2015 . 10 May 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160510175836/https://books.google.com/books?id=CTES09IWtm0C&pg=PA138 . live .
  15. Learning spatial orientation tasks in the radial-maze and structural variation in the hippocampus in inbred mice . . 1 . 3 . 3 . April 2005 . 15916698 . 10.1186/1744-9081-1-3 . 1143776. Crusio . W. E. . Schwegler . H . free .
  16. Book: Morris, R.. P. . Andersen . Per Andersen . R. . Morris . Richard G. Morris . D. . Amaral . David Amaral . T. . Bliss . Tim Bliss . O'Keefe . J. . The Hippocampus Book . Theories of hippocampal function . Oxford University Press . Oxford, UK. 2007 . 978-0-19-510027-3 . 581–713 . John O'Keefe (neuroscientist) .
  17. Willner P . Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: a 10-year review and evaluation . . 134 . 4 . 319–329 . December 1997 . 9452163 . 10.1007/s002130050456 . 40941720 . 2009-08-15 . 30 April 1999 . https://web.archive.org/web/19990430040840/http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00213/bibs/7134004/71340319.htm . live .
  18. Depressed new neurons--adult hippocampal neurogenesis and a cellular plasticity hypothesis of major depression . . 54 . 5 . 499–503 . September 2003 . 12946878 . 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00319-6. Kempermann . G . Kronenberg . G . 26823096 .
  19. Agonistic behavior and unpredictable chronic mild stress in mice . . 33 . 5 . 513–519 . September 2003 . 14574128 . 10.1023/A:1025770616068 . 2009-08-16 . Mineur . Y. S. . Prasol . D. J. . Belzung . C . Crusio . W. E. . 20402648 .
  20. Effects of unpredictable chronic mild stress on anxiety and depression-like behavior in mice . . 175 . 1 . 43–50 . November 2006 . 17023061 . 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.07.029 . Mineur . Y. S. . Belzung . C . Crusio . W. E. . 28014881 . free .
  21. Book: Mouse Behavioral Testing: How to Use Mice in Behavioral Neuroscience . Academic Press . Wahlsten, Douglas . 2010 . 166 . 9780123756756 . 6 February 2015 . 3 June 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160603191737/https://books.google.com/books?id=a2DVctEczBMC&pg=PT16 . live .
  22. Functional implications of decreases in neurogenesis following chronic mild stress in mice . . 150 . 2 . 251–259 . December 2007 . 17981399 . 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.09.045 . Mineur . Y. S. . Belzung . C . Crusio . W. E. . 25560162 .
  23. The Dutch-Belgian Fragile X Consortium . Fmr1 knockout mice: a model to study fragile X mental retardation . . 78 . 1 . 23–33 . July 1994 . 8033209 . 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90569-X. 29674883 .
  24. Fmr1 KO mice as a possible model of autistic features . The Scientific World Journal . 6 . 1164–1176 . 2006 . 16998604 . 10.1100/tsw.2006.220 . Bernardet . M . Crusio . W. E. . 5917219 . free .
  25. Social behavior deficits in the Fmr1 mutant mouse . . 168 . 1 . 172–175 . March 2006 . 16343653 . 10.1016/j.bbr.2005.11.004 . Mineur . Y. S. . Huynh . L. X. . Crusio . W. E. . 45731129 .
  26. Altered anxiety-related and social behaviors in the Fmr1 knockout mouse model of fragile X syndrome . . 4 . 7 . 420–430 . October 2005 . 16176388 . 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2005.00123.x . Spencer . C. M. . Alekseyenko . O . Serysheva . E . Yuva-Paylor . L. A. . Paylor . R . 9094269 . free .
  27. Pagel, Mark . 7 May 2004 . The order in a billion sequences . . 2010-07-09 . 3 April 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120403011355/http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=188536&sectioncode=26 . live .
  28. Standards for the publication of mouse mutant studies . Genes, Brain and Behavior . 8 . 1 . 1–4 . February 2009 . 18778401 . 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2008.00438.x. Crusio . W. E. . Goldowitz . D . Holmes . A . Wolfer . D . 205853147 . free .
  29. Author Guidelines . . 10.1111/(ISSN)1460-9568. 10.1.1.721.6506.
  30. Troublesome variability in mouse studies. Nature Neuroscience. September 2009. Editorial. 12. 9. 1075. 19710643 . 10.1038/nn0909-1075. free.
  31. Web site: Preparing your manuscript – Research – Criteria . Behavioral and Brain Functions . BioMed Central . 2020-05-05 . 3 June 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210603221106/https://behavioralandbrainfunctions.biomedcentral.com/submission-guidelines/preparing-your-manuscript/research . live .
  32. Web site: Editorial Board . Behavioral and Brain Functions . . 2017-08-25 . 19 September 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200919091620/https://behavioralandbrainfunctions.biomedcentral.com/about/editorial-board . live .
  33. Web site: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology . . 2019-10-30 . 30 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191130033416/https://www.springer.com/series/5584 . live .
  34. Crusio WE . Special issue: The neurobehavioral genetics of aggression . Behavior Genetics . 26 . 5 . 459–504 . September 1996 . 10.1007/BF02359749 . 8917943 . 2009-08-14 . Crusio, Wim E. . 31579336 . 25 August 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170825020013/https://link.springer.com/journal/10519/26/5/page/1 . live .
  35. Crusio WE . Special issue: The genetic dissection of brain-behaviour relationships: An introduction to neurobehavioural genetics . Behavioural Brain Research . 95 . 1 . 1–142 . September 1998 . 10.1016/S0166-4328(97)00203-9 . 208791454 . 2009-08-14 . 13 March 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130313202627/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01664328/95/1 . live .
  36. Gerlai RT, Crusio WE . Special issue: Bridging the gap from gene to behavior: Recombinant DNA techniques merge with behavioral neurobiology . Physiology and Behavior . 73 . 5 . 671–886 . August 2001 . 10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00583-2 . 2009-08-14 . Gerlai . Robert T. . 54311109 . 24 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924193457/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00319384/73/5 . live .
  37. Routtenberg A, Crusio WE . Special Issue: Gene Targeting and Hippocampal Function . Hippocampus . 12 . 1 . 2–3 . February 2001 . 10.1002/hipo.10001 . 11918284 . 2009-08-14 . Crusio . Wim E. . Routtenberg . Aryeh . 37535269 . 22 October 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121022005843/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hipo.v12:1/issuetoc . live .
  38. Belzung C, Crusio WE, Gerlai RT . Special issue: Behavioral neurogenetics, the genetic dissection of brain and behavior . Brain Research Bulletin . 57 . 1 . 1–131 . January 2002 . 10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00629-3 . 2009-08-14 . 11827730 . Belzung . Catherine . Crusio . Wim E. . Gerlai . Robert T. . 9742148 . 24 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924194141/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03619230/57/1 . live .
  39. Book: Crusio . WE . Gerlai . RT . Handbook of Molecular-Genetic Techniques for Brain and Behavior Research . . . 1999 . xxvii+965 . 978-0-444-50239-1 .
  40. 10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01670-2 . A tool for synthesis . 2001 . Skoulakis . Efthimios M.C. . Trends in Neurosciences . 24 . 2 . 127. 53185722 . Reprinted in: Trends in Molecular Medicine . 2001 . 7 . 3 . 139 . 10.1016/S1471-4914(01)01956-6. A tool for synthesis . Skoulakis . Efthimios M.C .
  41. Web site: Series – Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioral Genetics . Cambridge University Press . 2012-11-25 . 25 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150925120113/http://www.cambridge.org//knowledge/series/series_display/item6661364 . live .
  42. Book review: Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse . 2014 . Mandillo . Silvia . Genes, Brain and Behavior . 13 . 5 . 517 . 10.1111/gbb.12125. free .
  43. 10.4415/ANN_14_04_14 . Michetti . Caterina . BEHAVIORAL GENETICS OF THE MOUSE. Genetics of Behavioral Phenotypes. Volume 1 . . 2014 . 50 . 4 . 378–379 . 31 July 2016 . 8 August 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160808011519/http://www.scielosp.org/pdf/aiss/v50n4/14.pdf . live .
  44. Web site: Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioral Genetics . Cambridge University Press . Cambridge, United Kingdom . 2015-10-29 . 2 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211002112054/https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/life-sciences/genetics/series/cambridge-handbooks-behavioral-genetics . live .
  45. Web site: IBANGS History . IBANGS Homepage . 2009-04-01 . 26 July 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110726164433/http://www.ibangs.org/mc/page.do?sitePageId=83923&orgId=ibngs . dead .
  46. Web site: Past Officers and Executive Committee Members. 9 March 2012. 9 March 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120309151802/http://www.ibangs.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46. live.
  47. Web site: IBANGS Awards . IBANGS Homepage . 2011-11-25 . 1 October 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111001232515/http://www.ibangs.org/mc/page.do?sitePageId=83207 . dead .
  48. Web site: Call for 2011 IBANGS award nominations . IBANGS Homepage . 2011-11-25 . 1 October 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111001234436/http://www.ibangs.org/mc/page.do?sitePageId=93495 . dead .
  49. Book: Yong-Kyu . Kim . Loehlin . John . Handbook of Behavior Genetics . History of behavior genetics . Springer . Berlin . 978-0-387-76726-0 . 3–11 . https://books.google.com/books?id=T3P_SLtfIN0C&q=crusio+%22glayde+whitney%22&pg=PA11 . 2009-04-01 . 17 December 2020 . 2 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211002112040/https://books.google.com/books?id=T3P_SLtfIN0C&q=crusio+%22glayde+whitney%22&pg=PA11 . live .
  50. Book: 2014 . Aaron . 978-0-226-05831-3 . Panofsky . Misbehaving Science. Controversy and the Development of Behavior Genetics . . Chicago . 3–4.
  51. Web site: Past committee members. 2009-08-11. 14 March 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120314123152/http://www.ebbs-science.org/cms/general/committee-members.html. live.
  52. Web site: IBNS History of Officers . 2009-08-11 . 21 November 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081121061052/http://www.ibnshomepage.org/history.htm . dead .
  53. Obituary Sjeng Kerbusch (1947-1991) . . 1991 . W.E. . Crusio . 21 . 5 . 431–432 . 10.1007/BF01066721 . 148069790 . free .
  54. Web site: Xth World Congress on Psychiatric Genetics – Committees . 2010-07-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20020930114155/http://www.wcpg2002.be/ . 30 September 2002.
  55. Web site: IBNS Committees/Mission Statements . 2009-08-11 . 4 May 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090504005059/http://www.ibnshomepage.org/committees.htm . dead .
  56. Web site: Wim Crusio . . 2022-05-16.
  57. Web site: Crusio, W.E. [WorldCat Identities] |access-date=2009-08-11 |archive-date=17 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217221811/http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n99-46580 |url-status=live }}[40] Currently, he is editing the Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioral Genetics, a series of handbooks published by Cambridge University Press,[41] of which the first volume, Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse: Genetics of Behavioral Phenotypes, appeared in 2013.[42] [43] Since then, two more volumes have appeared.[44]

    Community service

    In 1996, Crusio was one of two co-founders of the International Behavioural and Neural Genetics Society,[45] for which he served as member-at-large of the executive committee, treasurer, and president (1998–2001).[46] In 2011 he received from this society the "Distinguished Service Award",[47] which is given for exceptional contributions to the field of behavioral neurogenetics.[48] Crusio also served on the executive committees of the Behavior Genetics Association (from which he resigned in protest to Glayde Whitney's 1995 presidential address),[49] [50] the European Brain and Behaviour Society,[51] and the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society,[52] and has been a President of the Dutch Behavior Genetics Contact Group.[53] He has been a member of several program committees for scientific meetings, most notably the 8th and 10th[54] World Congresses of Psychiatric Genetics and the 2008, 2009 (co-chair), 2010 (chair), and 2011 (chair) Annual Meetings of the IBNS.[55]

    Significant papers

    According to Google Scholar, Crusio's works have been cited over 10,000 times and he has an h-index of 46.[56] Some significant papers are:

    • A quantitative-genetic analysis of hippocampal variation in the mouse . . 21 . 4; Special Retrospective Issue: The Origins of Neurogenetics . 197–208 . 2007 . 18161583 . 10.1080/01677060701715827 . Crusio . W. E. . Genthner-Grimm . G. . Schwegler . H.. 7334116 . Original publication: Journal of Neurogenetics . 3 . 4 . 203–214 . July 1986 . 3746523 . 10.3109/01677068609106850. A quantitative-genetic analysis of hippocampal variation in the mouse . Crusio . W. E. . Genthner-Grimm . G. . Schwegler . H..
    • Radial-maze performance and structural variation of the hippocampus in mice: a correlation with mossy fibre distribution . . 425 . 1 . 182–185 . November 1987 . 3427419 . 10.1016/0006-8993(87)90498-7 . Crusio . W. E. . Schwegler . H. . Lipp . H. P.. 39198617 .
    • Behavioral responses to novelty and structural variation of the hippocampus in mice. II. Multivariate genetic analysis . . 32 . 1 . 81–88 . February 1989 . 2930637 . 10.1016/S0166-4328(89)80075-0. Crusio . W. E. . Schwegler . H. . van Abeelen . J. H. F.. 42291976 .
    • Crusio W. E. . Genetic dissection of mouse exploratory behaviour . . 125 . 1–2 . 127–132 . November 2001 . 11682103 . 10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00280-7. 28031277 .
    • Standards for the publication of mouse mutant studies . . 8 . 1 . 1–4 . February 2009 . 18778401 . 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2008.00438.x. Crusio . W. E. . Goldowitz . D. . Holmes . A. . Wolfer . D.. 205853147 . free .

    External links

    • Web site: Crusio Wim . The Aquitaine Institute for Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience . Homepage . 2012-01-12 . 21 October 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141021164838/http://www.incia.u-bordeaux1.fr/spip.php?article168 . dead .
    • Web site: Wim Crusio – Google Scholar Citations . Google Scholar . 2013-10-10.
    .

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