William of St. Barbara explained
William of St. Barbara or William of Ste Barbe (died 1152) was a medieval Bishop of Durham.
Life
From William's name, it is presumed that he was a native of Sainte-Barbe-en-Auge in Calvados in Normandy (Neustria).[1] He was a canon of York Minster in 1128.[2] He was Dean of York by December 1138.[3]
William was elected to the see of Durham on 14 March 1143 and consecrated on 20 June 1143.[4] He was elected in opposition to William Cumin who had been intruded into the see by King David I of Scotland in 1141. Cumin was never consecrated and by 1143 had been excommunicated by Pope Innocent II who also ordered a new election to be held at York Minster. It was this election which selected William of St. Barbara.[5] However, the new bishop was not able to enter Durham right away,[6] and he was enthroned either on 18 October 1144 or shortly thereafter.[7]
Troubles continued in Durham, and the bishop was unable to attend the Council of Rheims in 1148, which led to a suspension by the pope for inattendance. William supported Henry Murdac in the disputed election to the archbishopric of York, and it was probably Murdac who arranged for the suspension to be lifted. William also supported the Cistercians and the Augustinians, which perturbed his cathedral chapter which was made up of Benedictine monks.[1] He died 13 November 1152.[4] A grave identified as his was excavated in the 19th century in the chapter house of Durham Cathedral.[8]
References
- Encyclopedia: Carver, M. O. H. . Early Medieval Durham: the Archaeological Evidence . Medieval Art and Architecture at Durham Cathedral . 1980 . British Archaeological Association Conference Transactions for the year 1977 . British Archaeological Association . Leeds, UK . 11–19 . 13464190.
- Book: Crouch, David . David Crouch (historian) . The Reign of King Stephen: 1135–1154 . Longman . New York . 2000 . 0-582-22657-0 .
- Book: Fryde, E. B. . Greenway, D. E. . Porter, S. . Roy, I. . Handbook of British Chronology. Third revised . Cambridge University Press . Cambridge, UK . 1996 . 0-521-56350-X .
- Book: Greenway, Diana E. . Durham: Bishops . Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300. 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces). http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33859 . Institute of Historical Research . 1971 . 25 October 2007.
- Book: Greenway, Diana E. . Deans of York . Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300. 6: York. http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=10458 . Institute of Historical Research . 1999 . 25 October 2007.
- Book: Greenway, Diana E. . Prebends: Unidentified Prebends . Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300. 6: York. http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=2951 . Institute of Historical Research . 1999 . 25 October 2007.
- Encyclopedia: Offler, H. S. . Ste Barbe [Sancta Barbara], William de . Summerson, Henry . 2004 . 10.1093/ref:odnb/38128.
Notes and References
- Offler "Ste Barbe, William de" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 6: York: Prebends: Unidentified Prebends
- Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 6: York: Deans of York
- Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 241
- Crouch Reign of King Stephen p. 310
- Barlow English Church p. 97
- Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Durham: Bishops
- Carver "Early Medieval Durham" Medieval Art and Architecture p. 13
