Wilfred J. Funk Explained

Birth Name:Wilfred John Funk
Birth Date:March 20, 1883
Death Place:Montclair, New Jersey, US
Occupation:Writer

Wilfred John Funk (March 20, 1883 – June 1, 1965) was an American writer, poet, lexicographer and publisher. He was president of Funk & Wagnalls from 1925 to 1940, and founded the publishing company Wilfred Funk, Inc.

Personal life

Funk was the only son of Funk & Wagnalls' founder Isaac Kaufmann Funk. He graduated from Princeton in 1909,[1] and joined the family firm.[2] He married Eleanor Hawkins on July 29, 1915.[3]

He had a wealthy lifestyle. His main residence was in Montclair, New Jersey, a suburb of Manhattan. His beach house "Cobble Court" in Southampton was a society venue in the Hamptons summer season.[4] [5] Several tax-efficient trusts Funk created for his wife were the subject of dispute with the Tax Office, ending in a Court of Appeals decision in 1950.[6]

His son Wilfred J. Funk, Jr was killed in August 1943 in Operation Cottage, the assault on Kiska, Alaska in an engagment with Japanese forces in World War II.[7]

Wilfred Funk died of arteriosclerosis in Montclair.[8]

Early work

Funk became president of Funk & Wagnalls in 1925. In 1933, Time magazine described him as "titular president, but famed only for light verse".[9] He had poems printed in the New York Evening Sun in 1928–29,[10] and one called "Oh, Doctor!" in The New Yorker in 1930, whose opening lines were:[11]

In 1932, he publicized his firm's dictionary with a list of the ten most beautiful words in the English language, having regard for both sound and meaning.[12] In 1934, he listed the "ten modern Americans who have done most to keep American jargon alive":[13] In 1937, he listed the ten most overworked words:[14] He received an honorary Doctor of Letters degree in 1932 from Oglethorpe University.[15]

The Literary Digest

See main article: The Literary Digest. In March 1936 Funk became editor in chief of Funk & Wagnalls' magazine The Literary Digest.[16] The Digest polled its readers regarding the outcome of the 1936 presidential election, and put Alf Landon at 56%; in fact he got only 36% of the vote. AIPO predicted not only the correct result, but also the result of the Digest poll.[17] Funk had desired a wider poll with greater cross-checking, but the costs were prohibitive.[18] He had not questioned the poll's fundamentally flawed methodology, and derided George Gallup of AIPO as "our fine statistical friend".[19] Though Funk and the Digest were good-humored and self-deprecating about the embarrassment,[18] it hastened the Digests decline. Funk and Cuddihy sold the Digest to Albert Shaw in June 1937 for $200,000.[20] Funk in turn got "a very good chuckle" when Gallup failed to predict the 1948 presidential election result.[21]

Publishing success

In late 1937, Funk started Your Life, a 128-page digest size Popular Guide to Desirable Living. At 25¢ an issue, it contained articles such as "Be Glad Your Wife's Neurotic" and "Why Commit Suicide?". Circulation ran to more than 100,000, with spin-off titles Your Personality and Your Health. The success of the magazine allowed him to start his own book publishing business in 1940, Wilfred Funk, Inc.[22]

Funk wrote numerous books on vocabulary and etymology aimed at a general audience. He favored descriptive linguistics over linguistic prescription, stating "Let's throw the old textbooks out the window, along with the words correct and incorrect, because there's really no such thing as grammar, but only an ever-changing language pattern formed by everyday usage". In 1942, he co-wrote 30 Days to a more Powerful Vocabulary with Norman Lewis; total sales to 1968 were claimed at 4.7m.[23] In 1945, he created the Reader's Digest feature "It Pays to Increase Your Word Power". His son Peter continued this from 1962 to 1998.[24]

Works

Published works:

Notes and References

  1. Aviation: Mr. Horsepower . https://web.archive.org/web/20110604162434/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,890116-9,00.html. dead. June 4, 2011. May 28, 1951. Time. March 8, 2010 . Also in Fred Rentschler's class ('09): ... Publisher Wilfred J. Funk .
  2. Lexicography: Words That Sizzled . https://web.archive.org/web/20101023092942/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,833709,00.html . dead . October 23, 2010 . . June 11, 1965.
  3. News: Parties Are Held At Southampton; Wilfred J. Funks Entertain to Mark 25th Anniversary Or Their Marriage. July 28, 1940. The New York Times. 23, Society News. March 8, 2010.
  4. News: Mrs. W.J. Funk Hold a Beach Supper at Cobble Court for House Guests.. July 15, 1933. The New York Times. 12, Society. March 8, 2010.
  5. News: Wilfred J. Funks give Beach Party; They Entertain for Daughter at Large Supper on Shore Near Home in Southampton. July 28, 1941. The New York Times. 10, Society. March 8, 2010.
  6. Web site: 185 F.2d 127; 50-2 USTC P 9507; Funk v Commissioner of Internal Revenue; No. 10216.. November 16, 1950. Federal Cases. Public.Resource.Org. March 8, 2010.
  7. Book: Jenkins, McKay . The Last Ridge: The Epic Story of America's First Mountain Soldiers and the Assault on Hitler's Europe . 94 . 0-375-75951-4 . Random House . 2004 .
  8. Milestones. https://web.archive.org/web/20081029063756/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,833740,00.html. dead. October 29, 2008. June 11, 1965. Time. March 8, 2010.
  9. The Press: Digest Overhauled Monday. https://web.archive.org/web/20110604162558/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,753753-2,00.html . dead . June 4, 2011 . July 10, 1933. Time . March 8, 2010.
  10. The Press: Rhymester Funk . https://web.archive.org/web/20101027210026/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,732671,00.html . dead . October 27, 2010 . July 8, 1929 . Time. March 8, 2010.
  11. People. https://web.archive.org/web/20100715120758/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,738637,00.html . dead . July 15, 2010 . February 10, 1930. Time. March 8, 2010.
  12. People. https://web.archive.org/web/20101027065747/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,753533,00.html . dead . October 27, 2010 . December 19, 1932. Time. March 8, 2010.
  13. Press: Doctor & Duke. https://web.archive.org/web/20101125075353/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,746817,00.html. dead. November 25, 2010. January 15, 1934. Time. March 9, 2010.
  14. News: Ten Overworked Words. April 1, 1937. The Age . 6. March 8, 2010. New London, Connecticut.
  15. Web site: History: Honorary Degrees . Oglethorpe University.
  16. News: To edit Literary Digest; Wilfred J. Funk Takes Post That Arthur S. Draper left.. March 21, 1936. The New York Times. 23 Books. March 8, 2010.
  17. Book: Ohmer, Susan . George Gallup in Hollywood . Columbia University Press. 2006 . 56–63. America Speaks. 0-231-12133-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=b3az9jcXqnEC&q=%22wilfred+%2A+funk%22&pg=PA56.
  18. Press: Editors' Afterthoughts. https://web.archive.org/web/20110604162656/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,756918-2,00.html. dead. June 4, 2011. November 16, 1936. Time. March 8, 2010.
  19. Book: Moon, Nick . Opinion polls: history, theory and practice. Manchester University Press. 1999 . Political Analyses . 10. 0-7190-4223-2.
  20. Press: Funk & Fawcett. https://web.archive.org/web/20110604162718/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758284,00.html. dead. June 4, 2011. October 18, 1937. Time. March 8, 2010.
  21. The Press: The Great Fiasco. https://web.archive.org/web/20090705171254/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,853430,00.html . dead . July 5, 2009 . November 15, 1948. Time. March 8, 2010.
  22. The Press: Funk's Amoeba . https://web.archive.org/web/20081214192040/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,771616,00.html . dead . December 14, 2008 . April 3, 1939 . .
  23. Books: Alltime Bestsellers. https://web.archive.org/web/20090813095930/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,837843,00.html . dead . August 13, 2009 . February 2, 1968. Time. March 8, 2010.
  24. Web site: Peter Funk . Our Board of Experts . ComFit online learning center.

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