Whitehead Mark 2 torpedo explained

Whitehead Mark 2 torpedo
Origin:Austria-Hungary
Type:Anti-surface ship torpedo[1]
Is Ranged:yes
Is Explosive:yes
Is Missile:yes
Service:1896–1913
Used By:United States Navy[2]
Designer:Robert Whitehead
Manufacturer:Torpedofabrik Whitehead & Co.[3]
E. W. Bliss Company
Design Date:1893
Variants:Whitehead Mk 2 (Type C)[4]
Weight:845 pounds
Length:140 inches (3.55 meters)
Diameter:17.7 inches (45 centimeters)
Range:800 yards
Filling:wet guncotton
Filling Weight:118 lbs
Detonation:War Nose Mk 1 contact exploder
Engine:3-cylinder reciprocating
Speed:27 knots
Guidance:depth control
Launch Platform:battleships and torpedo boats

The Whitehead Mark 2 torpedo[5] was a Whitehead torpedo adopted by the United States Navy for use in an anti-surface ship role after the E. W. Bliss Company of Brooklyn, New York secured manufacturing rights in 1892.[2] It was identical to the Whitehead Mark 1 torpedo, except for some mechanical details.[1]

Characteristics

The Mark 2 was ordinarily assembled into three sections: the warhead, the air flask and the after-body. The warhead's charge of wet guncotton weighed 118 pounds. The Mark 2 was what was known as a "cold-running" torpedo.[1] The three-cylinder reciprocating engine ran on cold, compressed air which was stored in the air flask, which had a capacity of 7.154 cubic feet at 1350 pounds per square inch. The after-body carried the engine and the tail, which contained the propellers.[6]

The Mark 2 guidance component included the Pendulum-and-hydrostat control device which was called the "Whitehead Secret". This version of the Whitehead torpedo lacked the gyroscope gear designed by Ludwig Obry, which was incorporated in another Whitehead model, the Mark 3.

The Mark 2 was launched from battleships and torpedo boats. The first commissioned U.S. Navy submarine, USS Holland, was armed with three Mark 2 torpedoes. [7]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Torpedo History: Whitehead Torpedo Mk1 . 8 June 2013.
  2. Web site: Artifact Spotlight: Whitehead torpedo. 8 June 2013. 12 May 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130512032155/http://navalunderseamuseum.org/media/6c06204b6731dd48ffff8336ffffe906.pdf. dead.
  3. Web site: Chronology: Torpedo in Word and Picture . 2013-06-08 . 6 April 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140406180154/http://www.muzej-rijeka.hr/torpedo/en/chronology.html . dead .
  4. Book: Silverstone, Paul . The New Navy, 1883-1922 . Taylor & Francis Group . 2006 . xxiii . 0-415-97871-8.
  5. Book: Silverstone, Paul . The New Navy, 1883-1922 . Taylor & Francis Group . 2006 . xxiii . 0-415-97871-8.
  6. Book: The Whitehead Torpedo . . 1898 .
  7. Web site: A Brief History of U.S. Navy Torpedo Development - References.