White Dawns Explained

Italic Title:	(see above) -->
White Dawns
Author:	Kočo Racin
Title Orig:	Бели мугри
Language:	Macedonian
Pub Date:	1939
Pages:	31

White Dawns (Macedonian: Бели мугри|Beli mugri) is a collection of poems by the famous Macedonian writer Kočo Racin (Кочо Рацин), published in 1939 in Samobor, near Zagreb, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (present-day Croatia).^{[1] [2]} This is the third collection of poems published in contemporary Macedonian language, after Venko Markovski's Folk Sorrows (Народни бигори) and The Fire (Огинот), published in 1938.

Publication and content

White Dawns was printed on 25 November at the printing house of Dragutin Schpuler in 4,000 copies. After the established communist practice, the title is printed in red. Since there was a danger in discovering the author's identity, Kosta Solev published the work under the pseudonym "K. Racin" (К. Рацин). According to The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, the poetry collection explores the fate of impoverished Macedonians.^[3] The poems of the book were prohibited by the Yugoslav government.^[4] Per Preply, it is the most translated book from North Macedonia.^[5]

White Dawns comprises 12 poems in the following order:

• Days (Денови)
• Sorrow (Печал)
• Rural toil (Селска мака)
• The tobacco harvesters (Тутуноберачите)
• Lenka (Ленка)
• Farewell (Проштавање)
• A ballad to the unknown one (Балада за непознатиот)
• Elegies for you (Елегии за тебе)
• The morning above us (Утрото над нас)
• Tatunčo (Татунчо)
• To have a shop in Struga (На Струга дуќан да имам)
• The diggers (Копачите)

See also

• Socialist realism
• Macedonian literature

External links

• Several songs from White Dawns in Macedonian and in English
• „Lenka“ performed by Zafir Hadžimanov (mp3)
• White Dawns in Macedonian

Notes and References

1. Book: Dimitar Bechev . Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe . 2019 . Rowman & Littlefield. . 978-1538119624 . xxxi.
2. Book: Matjaž Klemenčič . Mitja Žagar . The Former Yugoslavia's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook . 2004 . ABC-CLIO . 1576072940 . 146.
3. Book: Cushman . Stephen . Cavanagh . Clare . Ramazani . Jahan . Rouzer . Paul . The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics: Fourth Edition . 2012 . Princeton University Press . 9781400841424 . 837 . 4th.
4. Book: Cultural Heritage of East Central Europe: A Historical Outline, Volume 1 of East of the West . 2015 . Instytut Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Instytut Jagielloński . 9788364091551 . 205.
5. Web site: Most translated books by country. preply.com.