Westringia cremnophila explained

Westringia cremnophila, commonly known as Snowy River westringia,[1] is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, a rare shrub that is endemic to Victoria, Australia. It is a small shrub with leaves mostly in groups of three and white flowers.

Description

Westringia cremnophila is a shrub to high, much-branched and thickly covered with slightly flattened white hairs, and found growing out of steep cliffs. The leaves are arranged in whorls mostly in groups of three, oblong or almost linear shaped, long, wide, thickly hairy when young, becoming smooth, margins distinctly rolled under, apex rounded occasionally sharply points and on a petiole long. The flowers are in racemes, the corolla about long, white with a mauve tinge and yellow-brown spotted throats. The calyx tube long, lobes about long and up to wide and the outer surface thickly covered with white hairs. Flowering occurs in spring.[2]

Taxonomy and naming

Westringia cremnophila was first formally described in 1957 by botanist Norman Wakefield and the description was published in The Victorian Naturalist based on a type specimen collected from "Porphory cliffs above Snowy River, east of Butchers Ridge".[3] [4] The specific epithet (cremnophila) is in reference to its "habitat".[5]

Distribution and habitat

Snowy river westringia is restricted to Tulloch Ard Gorge in the Snowy River National Park in East Gippsland, where it grows on cliff faces above the Snowy River with a north to north-east aspect. Associated plant species include shrubby platysace (Platysace lanceolata), violet daisy-bush (Olearia iodochroa), digger's speedwell (Veronica perfoliata), common fringe-myrtle (Calytrix tetragona) and tall baeckea (Sannantha pluriflora).[2]

Conservation status and measures

Westringia cremnophila is listed as "vulnerable" under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.[6]

After previously being listed as "vulnerable" (as of 2014) on the Advisory List of Rare Or Threatened Plants In Victoria and under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 (Vic.),[7] Westringia cremnophila is since October 2021 and listed as "Endangered" .[8]

Due to the species' restricted habitat in difficult terrain, plants have proved difficult to find over the years, but in 2011 about 500 plants were located.[9] Only around 60 individuals (12%) of the former population of 500 plants remained after the 2019–2020 bushfires. Plants have been propagated and established at the Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne as an insurance population.[10]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Westringia cremnophila . VICFLORA-Flora of Victoria . Royal Botanic Garden Victoria . 16 September 2021.
  2. Web site: National National Recovery Plan for the Snowy River WestringiaWestringia cremnophila . Carter, Oberon . Neville Walsh . 3 July 2012. Department of Sustainability and Environment (Victoria). 2006.
  3. Web site: Westringia cremnophila . 3 July 2012 . Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra.
  4. Wakefield . Norman . Westringia cremnophila . The Victorian Naturalist . 1957 . 73 . 11 . 186 . 19 September 2021.
  5. Book: Sharr . Francis Aubi . George . Alex . Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings . 2019 . Four Gables Press . Kardinya, WA . 9780958034180 . 172 . 3rd.
  6. Web site: Westringia cremnophila - Snowy River Westringia . Species Profile and Threats Database. SPRAT Profile . Australian Government . 4 April 2022.
  7. Book: Advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria - 2014. 978-1-74146-313-2. Victorian Government. Department of Environment and Primary Industries. 2014.
  8. Web site: Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act Threatened List . Department of Environment, Water and Planning. . 16 March 2022 . 4 April 2022. Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 - Threatened List October 2021
  9. Web site: Living on the Edge! - Rare plant continues to hang on. 28 December 2011. 3 July 2012.
  10. Web site: SWIFFT Seminar notes 29 July 2021, Royal Botanic Gardens . SWIFFT. 29 July 2021 . 4 April 2022.