Westmorland Parish, New Brunswick Explained
| Westmorland |
| Settlement Type: | Parish |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Established Title: | Erected |
| Established Date: | 1786 |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Land Km2: | 173.27 |
| Population As Of: | 2021 |
| Population Total: | 997 |
| Population Density Km2: | 5.8 |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Change 2016-2021 |
| Population Blank1: | 9.8% |
| Population Blank2 Title: | Dwellings |
| Population Blank2: | 570 |
| Timezone: | AST |
| Utc Offset: | -4 |
| Timezone Dst: | ADT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -3 |
| Coordinates: | 46.19°N -64.6°W |
| Footnotes: | Figures do not include portion within the village of Port Elgin |
Westmorland is a geographic parish in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
For governance purposes it is divided between the town of Tantramar, the incorporated rural community of Strait Shores,[2] and the Southeast rural district,[3] all of which are members of the Southeast Regional Service Commission.[4]
Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between the village of Port Elgin[5] and the local service districts of Baie-Verte, Pointe de Bute, and the parish of Westmorland.[6] Pointe de Bute is now part of Tantramar, while Port Elgin and Baie-Verte are part of Strait Shores.
Origin of name
Ganong considers the name to have "probably" come from Westmorland's proximity to Cumberland in England, or by the marshes in the English county.[7]
Westmorland County was part of Cumberland County, Nova Scotia until New Brunswick was created, and Westmorland Parish was part of the Nova Scotia township of Cumberland.[8]
History
Cumberland Township was organised in Nova Scotia in 1763.[9]
Westmorland was erected as a parish in 1786[10] from the New Brunswick portion of Cumberland Township. The exact boundary with Nova Scotia was not finalised until 1862.[11] [12]
In 1880 much of the interior was transferred to Sackville Parish.
In 1894 the existing boundaries were declared retroactive to the parish's erection.
Boundaries
Westmorland Parish is bounded:[13] [14] [15]
- on the northeast by a line running north 38º 30' west from the southeast angle of lot number one, granted to Otho Reed, at the mouth of Gaspereau Creek in Port Elgin;
- on the east by Baie Verte;
- on the southeast by the Nova Scotia border;
- on the southwest by Cumberland Basin;
- on the west and northwest by a line running up the Aulac River to the prolongation of Route 940 and Goose Creek Road, then by a line running northerly along the prolongation for about 4.3 kilometres, then running north 57º 30' east the channel of Big Jolicure Lake, then northeasterly to the mouth of Goose Creek, then up Goose Creek and Robinson Brook to a point about 300 metres south of Brooklyn Road and 300 metres west of Luciphy Road, then northeasterly about 3.6 kilometres to Brooklyn Road, then north 45º east to the starting point.
Communities
Communities at least partly within the parish; bold indicates an incorporated municipality
Bodies of water
Bodies of water[16] at least partly in the parish:
Demographics
Parish population total does not include portion within Port Elgin
Language
Mother tongue (2016)
| Language | Population | Pct (%) |
|---|
| English only | 850 | 93.4% |
| French only | 25 | 2.8% |
| Other languages | 35 | 3.8% |
| Both English and French | 0 | 0% | |
Access routes
Highways and numbered routes that run through the parish, including external routes that start or finish at the parish limits:[17]
- Principal Routes
- Secondary Routes:
See also
References
46.1113°N -63.9754°W
Notes and References
- Web site: Census Profile . Statistics Canada . 30 October 2022 . 26 October 2022.
- Web site: Southeast Regional Service Commission: RSC 7 . Government of New Brunswick . 26 March 2023.
- Web site: Southeast Regional Service Commission: RD 7 . Government of New Brunswick . 26 March 2023.
- Web site: Regions Regulation – Regional Service Delivery Act . Government of New Brunswick . 26 March 2023 . 21 July 2022.
- Web site: Municipalities Order - Municipalities Act . Government of New Brunswick . 26 March 2023 . 25 June 2021.
- Web site: Local Service Districts Regulation - Municipalities Act . Government of New Brunswick . 26 March 2023 . 25 June 2021.
- Book: Ganong . William F. . A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick . 1896 . Royal Society of Canada . 279 . 17 March 2021.
- Book: Ganong . William F. . A Monograph of the Evolution of the Boundaries of the Province of New Brunswick . 1901 . Royal Society of Canada . 430 . 27 March 2021.
- Book: Ganong . William F. . A Monograph of Historic Sites in the Province of New Brunswick . 1899 . Royal Society of Canada . 335 . 27 March 2021.
- Book: Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, passed in the year 1786.. 20 March 2021. 1786. Government of New Brunswick. Saint John, New Brunswick. 3–12. 26 Geo. III Chapter I. An Act for the better ascertaining and confirming the Boundaries of the several Counties within this Province, and for subdividing them into Towns or Parishes..
- Book: Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in March and April 1859.. 1859. Government of New Brunswick. Fredericton. 52. 22 Vic. c. 9 An Act relating to the Boundary Line between the Provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia..
- Book: Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in March and April 1862.. 1862. Government of New Brunswick. Fredericton. 101. 25 Vic. c. 32 An Act to explain an Act intituled An Act relating to the Boundary Line between the Provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia..
- Web site: No. 121 . Provincial Archives of New Brunswick . Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development . 25 June 2021. Remainder of parish on maps 122, 133, and 144 at same site.
- Web site: 361 . Transportation and Infrastructure . Government of New Brunswick . 25 June 2021. Remainder of parish on mapbooks 362, 382, 383, and 402 at same site.
- Web site: Search the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB) . Government of Canada . 25 June 2021.
- Not including brooks, ponds or coves.
- Atlantic Canada Back Road Atlas
