Westmere (microarchitecture) explained

Westmere
Model:	Core in, Xeon
Cores:	2-6 (4-10 Xeon)
Cores1:	6 (12) (Extreme)
Cores2:	4-10 (4-20) (Xeon) -->
Transistors:	382M to 2600M 32nm
Transistors1:	1,170M 32nm (B1)
Transistors2:	2,600M 32nm (A2) -->
Clock:	1.06 GHz to 3.46 GHz
L1cache:	64 KB per core
L2cache:	256 KB per core
L3cache:	2 MB to 30 MB shared
Dmi-Slowest:	2.50
Qpi-Slowest:	4.80
Qpi-Fastest:	6.40
Gpu:	533 MHz to 900 MHz 177M 45nm (K0)
Arch:	x86-16, IA-32, x86-64
Extensions:	AES-NI, CLMUL
Extensions1:	MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4, SSE4.1, SSE4.2
Extensions2:	VT-x, VT-d
Sock1:	LGA 1156
Sock2:	LGA 1366
Sock3:	LGA 1567
Sock4:	rPGA988A
Predecessor:	Nehalem
Successor:	Sandy Bridge
Support Status:	Unsupported

Westmere (formerly Nehalem-C) is the code name given to the 32 nm die shrink of Nehalem. While sharing the same CPU sockets, Westmere included Intel HD Graphics, while Nehalem did not.

The first Westmere-based processors were launched on January 7, 2010, by Intel Corporation.

The Westmere architecture has been available under the Intel brands of Core i3, Core i5, Core i7, Pentium, Celeron and Xeon.

Technology

Westmere's feature improvements from Nehalem, as reported:

• Native six-core (Gulftown) and ten-core (Westmere-EX) processors.^[1]
• A new set of instructions that gives over 3x the encryption and decryption rate of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) processes compared to before.
  • Delivers seven new instructions (AES instruction set or AES-NI), out of which six implement the AES algorithm, and PCLMULQDQ (see CLMUL instruction set) implements carry-less multiplication for use in cryptography and data compression.
• Integrated graphics, added into the processor package (dual core Arrandale and Clarkdale only).
• Improved virtualization latency.
• New virtualization capability: "VMX Unrestricted mode support," which allows 16-bit guests to run (real mode and big real mode).
• Support for "Huge Pages" of 1 GB in size.

Translation lookaside buffer sizes ^[2]

Cache		Page size
Name	Level	4 KB	2 MB	1 GB
DTLB	1st	64	32
ITLB	1st	128	7 / logical core
STLB	2nd	512	none	none

CPU variants

Processing cores (interface)	Process	Die size	CPUID	Model	Stepping	Mobile	Desktop, UP server	DP server	MP server
Ten-Core (Quad-channel)^[3]	32 nm	513 mm^2	206F2	47	A2				Westmere-EX (80615)
Six-Core (Triple-Channel)	32 nm	248 mm^2	206C0 (ES/QS), 206C1 (ES/QS), 206C2	44	A0, B0, B1		Gulftown (80613)	Westmere-EP (80614)
Dual-Core (Dual-Channel, PCIe, Graphics Core)	32 nm 45 nm	114 mm^2 +81 mm^2	20652 20655	37	C2 K0	Arrandale (80617)	Clarkdale (80616)

Westmere CPUs

• TDP includes the integrated GPU, if present.
• Clarkdale processors feature 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes, which can be used in 1x16 or 2x8 configuration.
• Clarkdale and Arrandale contain the 32 nm dual core processor Hillel and the 45 nm integrated graphics device Ironlake, and support switchable graphics.
• Only certain higher-end CPUs support AES-NI and 1GB Huge Pages.

Server / Desktop processors

Codename	Market	Cores / threads	Socket	Processor branding & model	Clock rate		Turbo	TDP	Interfaces		L3 cache	Release date	Price
				Core	GPU	Chipset			Memory
Westmere-EX	MP Server	10 (20)	LGA 1567	Xeon	E7-8870	2.4 GHz	130 W	4× QPI 6.4 GT/s	4× DDR3-1066	30 MB	2011-04-05	$4616
					E7-4870		$4394
					E7-2870		$4227
					E7-8867L	2.13 GHz	105 W					$4172
					E7-8860	2.26 GHz	130 W			24 MB		$4061
					E7-4860							$3838
					E7-2860							$3670
					E7-8850	2 GHz						$3059
					E7-4850							$2837
					E7-2850							$2558
		8 (8)			E7-8837	2.66 GHz						$2280
		8 (16)			E7-8830	2.13 GHz	105 W
					E7-4830							$2059
					E7-2830							$1779
					E7-4820	2 GHz		4× QPI 5.86 GT/s		18 MB		$1446
					E7-2820							$1334
		6 (12)			E7-4807	1.86 GHz	95 W	4× QPI 4.8 GT/s	4× DDR3-800			$890
					E7-2803	1.73 GHz	105 W					$774
Westmere-EP	DP Server	2 (4)	LGA 1366	Xeon	X5698^[4]	4.4 GHz		130 W	2× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333	12 MB	Q1 2011	OEM
		6 (12)			X5690	3.46 GHz	2011-02-13					$1663
					X5680	3.33 GHz	2010-03-16
					X5679	3.2 GHz	115 W	2011-02-13				OEM
					X5675	3.06 GHz	95 W					$1440
					X5670	2.93 GHz		2010-03-16
					X5660	2.8 GHz						$1219
					X5650	2.66 GHz						$996
					E5649	2.53 GHz	80 W	2× QPI 5.86 GT/s	2011-02-13			$774
					E5645	2.4 GHz			2010-03-16			$551
					L5645		60 W		2011-02-13			OEM
					L5640	2.26 GHz			2010-03-16			$996
					L5639	2.13 GHz			2011-02-13			OEM
					L5638	2.0 GHz			2010-03-16			$958
		4 (8)			X5687	3.6 GHz	130 W	2× QPI 6.4 GT/s	2011-02-13			$1663
					X5677	3.46 GHz			2010-03-16
					X5672	3.2 GHz	95 W		2011-02-13			$1440
					X5667	3.06 GHz			2010-03-16
					X5647	2.93 GHz	130 W	2× QPI 5.86 GT/s	3× DDR3-1066	2011-02-13		$774
					E5640	2.66 GHz	80 W			2010-03-16
					E5630	2.53 GHz						$551
					E5620	2.4 GHz						$387
					L5630	2.13 GHz	40 W					$551
					L5618	1.86 GHz						$530
		4 (4)			L5609	1.86 GHz		2× QPI 4.8 GT/s				$440
					E5607	2.26 GHz	80 W	8 MB		2011-02-13	$276
					E5606	2.13 GHz					$219
					E5603	1.6 GHz		4 MB			$188
Gulftown	UP Server	6 (12)		Xeon	W3690	3.46 GHz	130 W	1× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333	12 MB	2011-02-13	$999
					W3680	3.33 GHz	2010-03-16				$999
					W3670	3.20 GHz	1× QPI 4.8 GT/s	3× DDR3-1066	2010-08-29		$885
	Extreme / Performance Desktop			Core i7 Extreme	990X	3.46 GHz	1× QPI 6.4 GT/s		2011-02-13		$999
					980X	3.33 GHz			2010-03-16
				Core i7	980		1× QPI 4.8 GT/s		2011-06-26		$583
					970	3.20 GHz			2010-07-17		$583
Clarkdale	UP Server	2 (4)	LGA 1156	Xeon	L3406	2.26 GHz	30 W	DMI	2× DDR3-1066	4 MB	2010-03-16	$189
		2 (2)			L3403	2.0 GHz	2010-10				OEM
	Mainstream / Value Desktop	2 (4)		Core i5	680	3.6 GHz	733 MHz		73 W		2× DDR3-1333	2010-04-18	$294
					670	3.46 GHz						2010-01-07	$284
					661	3.33 GHz	900 MHz		87 W				$196
					660		733 MHz		73 W
					655K	3.2 GHz						2010-05-30	$216
					650							2010-01-07	$176
				Core i3	560	3.33 GHz						2010-08-29	$138
					550	3.20 GHz						2010-05-30
					540	3.06 GHz						2010-01-07	$133
					530	2.93 GHz							$113
		2 (2)		Pentium	G6960		533 MHz			2× DDR3-1066	3 MB	2011-01-09	$89
					G6951	2.8 GHz						Q3 2010	OEM
					G6950							2010-01-07	$87
				Celeron	G1101	2.26 GHz					2 MB		$70
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model	Core	GPU	Turbo	TDP	Chipset	Memory	L3 cache	Release Date	Price
				Clock rate		Interfaces

Mobile processors

Codename	Market	Cores / threads	Processor branding & model	CPU Clock rate		GPU clock rate	Turbo	TDP	Memory	L3 cache	Interface	Release date	Price
			Standard	Turbo (1C/2C active cores)
Arrandale	Mainstream / Value Mobile	2 (4)	Core i7	640M	2.8 GHz	3.46/3.2 GHz	766 MHz	35 W	2× DDR3-1066	4 MB	DMI * PCIe 1 x16 * Socket: μPGA-988 / BGA-1288	2010-09-26	$346
				620M	2.66 GHz	3.33/3.06 GHz		2010-01-07				$332
				610E	2.53 GHz	3.2/2.93 GHz
				660LM	2.26 GHz	3.06/2.8 GHz	566 MHz	25 W				2010-09-26	$346
				640LM	2.13 GHz	2.93/2.66 GHz						2010-01-07	$332
				620LM / 620LE	2.0 GHz	2.8/2.53 GHz							$300
				680UM	1.46 GHz	2.53/2.16 GHz	500 MHz	18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-09-26	$317
				660UM / 660UE	1.33 GHz	2.4/2.0 GHz						2010-05-25
				640UM	1.2 GHz	2.26/1.86 GHz						2010-01-07	$305
				620UM / 620UE	1.06 GHz	2.13/1.76 GHz							$278
			Core i5	580M	2.66 GHz	3.33/2.93 GHz	766 MHz	35 W	2× DDR3-1066	3 MB		2010-09-26	$266
				560M		3.2/2.93 GHz							$225
				540M	2.53 GHz	3.06/2.8 GHz						2010-01-07	$257
				520M / 520E	2.4 GHz	2.93/2.66 GHz							$225
				560UM	1.33 GHz	2.13/1.86 GHz	500 MHz	18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-09-26	$250
				540UM	1.2 GHz	2.0/1.73 GHz						2010-05-25
				520UM	1.06 GHz	1.86/1.6 GHz						2010-01-07	$241
				480M	2.66 GHz	2.93/2.93 GHz	766 MHz	35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09	OEM
				460M	2.53 GHz	2.8/2.8 GHz						2010-09-26
				450M	2.4 GHz	2.66/2.66 GHz						2010-06-26
				430M	2.26 GHz	2.53/2.53 GHz						2010-01-07
				470UM	1.33 GHz	1.86/1.6 GHz	500 MHz	18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-10-01
				430UM	1.2 GHz	1.73/1.46 GHz						2010-05-25
			Core i3	390M	2.66 GHz	n/a	667 MHz	35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09
				380M	2.53 GHz			2010-09-26
				370M	2.4 GHz			2010-06-20
				350M	2.26 GHz			2010-01-07
				330M / 330E	2.13 GHz
				380UM	1.33 GHz		500 MHz	18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-10-01
				330UM	1.2 GHz							2010-05-25
		2 (2)	Pentium	P6300	2.26 GHz		667 MHz	35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09
				P6200	2.13 GHz							2010-09-26
				P6100	2.0 GHz
				P6000	1.86 GHz							2010-06-20
				U5600	1.33 GHz		500 MHz	18 W	2× DDR3-800			2011-01-09
				U5400	1.2 GHz							2010-05-25
			Celeron	P4600	2.0 GHz		667 MHz	35 W	2× DDR3-1066	2 MB		2010-09-26	$86
				P4500 / P4505	1.86 GHz							2010-03-28	OEM
				U3600	1.2 GHz		500 MHz	18 W	2× DDR3-800			2011-01-09	$134
				U3400 / U3405	1.06 GHz				2× DDR3-800 / 1066			2010-05-25	OEM

Roadmap

The successor to Nehalem and Westmere is Sandy Bridge.

See also

• List of Intel CPU microarchitectures
• Tick-Tock model

External links

• Official Intel homepage for Westmere-EP
• Official Intel homepage for Westmere-EX
• Westmere-EX: A 20 thread server CPU (PDF)

Notes and References

1. Web site: Valich. Theo. Intel says no to 28nm, focuses on 22nm: Ivy Bridge/Haswell & Larrabee. 23 March 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20110708093954/http://www.brightsideofnews.com/news/2009/4/16/intel-says-no-to-28nm2c-focuses-on-22nm-ivy-bridgehaswell--larrabee.aspx. 2011-07-08. 2009-04-16.
2. Web site: Intel® Developer Zone . January 16, 2013 .
3. Web site: Westmere-EX 10 core CPUs announced by Intel at IDF. September 14, 2010. TweakTown.
4. Web site: Intel ships a 4.4GHz Xeon X5698 . Hilbert Hagedoorn . March 15, 2011 . The Guru of 3D .