Wendy's Explained

Wendy's
Type:Subsidiary
Founded:
Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
Founder:Dave Thomas
Hq Location:1 Dave Thomas Boulevard
Hq Location City:Dublin, Ohio
Hq Location Country:U.S.
Num Locations:7,166
Num Locations Year:3Q23
Area Served:United States (incl. Puerto Rico and Guam), Canada, Argentina, Aruba, the Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Chile, Curaçao, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Panama, Qatar, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan
Key People:Kirk Tanner (President, CEO)
Carl Loredo (CMO)
Industry:Restaurant
Parent:The Wendy's Company
Footnotes:[1] [2] [3]

Wendy's is an American international fast food restaurant chain founded by Dave Thomas on November 15, 1969, in Columbus, Ohio. Its headquarters moved to Dublin, Ohio, on January 29, 2006. As of December 31, 2018, Wendy's was the world's third-largest hamburger fast-food chain with 6,711 locations, following McDonald’s and Burger King. On September 29, 2008, the company merged with Triarc Companies Inc., the publicly traded parent company of Arby's;[4] [5] Wendy's headquarters remained in Dublin. Triarc then became known as Wendy's/Arby's Group, and later as the Wendy's Company following the sale of Arby's to Roark Capital Group.

As of November 2, 2023, there were 7,166 Wendy's outlets, of which 415 are company-owned and 6,751 franchised, 83% of which are in the United States.[6] The company specifies stores' standards; owners control opening hours, decor, and staff uniforms and pay.

The chain serves square hamburger patties on circular buns, sea salt fries, and the Frosty, soft ice cream mixed with starches. The food menu consists primarily of hamburgers, chicken sandwiches, and French fries. The company discontinued its Big Classic signature sandwich.

History

Wendy's hamburgers are based on those of Kewpee Hamburgers in Dave Thomas's home town, Kalamazoo, Michigan; Kewpee sold square hamburgers and thick malt shakes. Thomas founded Wendy's in Columbus, Ohio, in 1969, selling square patties with corners that stuck out of the circular bun, giving the impression of plentiful meat.[7] The Columbus location later added a Tim Hortons. It was closed on March 2, 2007, after 38 years of business, due to declining sales.[8] [9] Basketball star John Havlicek, an Ohio State University alumnus, was one of Thomas's earliest investors, which allowed him to retire comfortably.[10]

Thomas named the restaurant after his fourth child Melinda Lou "Wendy" Thomas.[11] Photographs of her were on display at the original Wendy's restaurant until it closed. Thomas wrote that he regretted naming the restaurant after his daughter because once it became a fast food empire she "lost some of her privacy" with many people assuming she was the official company spokesperson.[12] In August 1972, the first Wendy's franchisee, L.S. Hartzog, signed an agreement for Indianapolis, Indiana.[13] Also in 1972 Wendy's broadcast its first TV commercials, locally in Ohio, portraying an animated Wendy and dancing hamburgers.

The first Canadian restaurant opened in Hamilton, Ontario, in 1976.[14] In December 1976, Wendy's opened its 500th restaurant, located in Toronto. In March 1978, Wendy's opened its 1000th restaurant in Springfield, Tennessee.[15]

Wendy's founded the fried chicken chain Sisters Chicken & Biscuits in 1978 and sold it to its largest franchisee in 1987.[16] In the 1970s Wendy's opened in Australia, but by 1986 almost all of their Australian stores had been purchased by Hungry Jack's, the Australian franchisee of Burger King. On May 13, 2021, Wendy's opened a pop-up store in The Rocks in Sydney's city centre for a day.[17] In 1979, the first European Wendy's opened in Munich, West Germany.[18] Wendy's entered the Asian market by opening its first restaurants in Japan in 1980, in Hong Kong in 1982, and in the Philippines and Singapore in 1983.[19] [20] [21] [22] In 1984, Wendy's opened its first restaurant in South Korea.[23]

The chain opened locations in West Germany in the 1980s in Mannheim, Heidelberg and Munich and other areas where the US maintained Army bases. When the troops were removed after German reunification in the early 1990s, these Wendy's stores were closed.

In response to a 1986 slowdown in the chain's performance, Wendy's took steps to ensure that stores met the required standards.[24] Wendy's closed all its outlets in Hong Kong in 1986 and in Singapore in the following year.[20] [22] From 1988 to 1990, Wendy's expanded operations globally to Mexico, New Zealand, Indonesia, Greece, Turkey, Guatemala, as well as the U.S. Naval Base in Naples, Italy.[25] [26] In 1988, Wendy's expanded its bar to a full-blown buffet called the Superbar for $2.99; while popular it was difficult to maintain and was discontinued in 1998.[27]

In 1989, Wendy's opened its first restaurant in Greece at Syntagma Square, Athens, the first foreign fast-food chain in the country. After opening 12 restaurants in 3 cities, the company abandoned the Greek market in 2002 due to differences with the local franchisee, although it was a very successful and profitable business at the time.[28] [29] In 1996, the chain expanded in Argentina by opening 18 local restaurants. However, all of them closed only four years later due to the economic crisis in the country.[30] In 1998, Wendy's pulled out of South Korea by closing all its 15 restaurants and in 2000 exited from the UK, Argentina, and Hong Kong.[31]

In 2001, Wendy's created Vermont-based Scioto Insurance Company to furnish insurance to Wendy's and other affiliates.[32] [33] Scioto owns a subsidiary, Oldemark LLC, which holds Wendy's intellectual property and licenses it back to Wendy's for royalties.[34]

Garden Sensations salads were added in 2002.[35] Wendy's signed a franchise agreement to re-enter the Singapore market in 2009, though that agreement was short-lived; in April 2015, Wendy's once again ceased operation in the country and closed all the restaurants.[36]

In 2011, Wendy's returned to Japan and Argentina announcing a development agreement for 50 restaurants in the country.[37] [38] It also entered the Russian market for the first time with plans to open 180 restaurants over a 10-year period. However, only three years later, in 2014, Wendy's closed all its restaurants in the country.[39]

In 2013, Wendy's opened the first restaurant in Georgia and made a deal to open 25 restaurants in Georgia and the Republic of Azerbaijan.[40] In September 2014, several pork-based products were introduced to be on sale until early November. These included a standard pulled pork sandwich with slaw and three sauce options, a BBQ Pulled Pork Cheeseburger and cheese fries with pulled pork, cheddar cheese sauce, onions, and barbecue sauce.[41] In May 2015, Wendy's announced they would be expanding into India, with its first outlet located in Gurgaon.[42]

In September 2016, JAE Restaurant Group acquired 97 Wendy's restaurants throughout the South Florida region.[43] JAE Restaurant Group is one of the country's largest franchisee owners. The Group owns 177 Wendy's Restaurants.

Wendy's Co. has been looking to remodel existing stores and upgrade the curb appeal of its locations. They have been doing this by adding fireplaces, more seating options, adding WiFi and flat-screen TVs, and digital menus.

In 2017, the company sold 540 of its restaurants. The divesture was the second step in a three-step action plan to improve the brand. Other steps include new openings and remodeling of existing stores. In 2015, the brand opened 80 new restaurants and remodeled 450 of its existing locations. The brand's goal is to remodel at least 60% of its North American locations by year-end 2020.[44]

In December 2017, Wendy's announced a partnership with DoorDash for food delivery in the U.S.[45]

In October 2019, Wendy's announced that it was returning to the UK market, which it had served from 1980 to 1986, then again from 1992 to 2000. The first of 20 planned restaurants was due to open in 2020 in Stoke-on-Trent,[46] but it was later announced that the first location would be Reading, Berkshire.[47] The Reading restaurant opened on June 2, 2021.[48] Wendy's would open its first drive-thru location in the UK in Colchester in July 2023. [49]

In January 2021, Wendy's announced that after the bankruptcy of franchisee NPC Quality Burgers Inc., half of NPC's outlets would be bought by Flynn Restaurant.[50]

In 2023, Wendy's announced that they would be returning to Australia, with hundreds of locations set to open across the country. The chain previously operated in Australia from the 1970s until it was closed in 1986. However, the US Burger giant has already run into a potential issue with the trademark to Wendy's name already owned by a different fast food outlet named Wendy's Milk Bar, which opened in 1979 and has been operating in the country for over 40 years.[51]

In July 2024, Wendy's announced that they had signed an agreement with franchisees in the Republic of Ireland and would begin opening restaurants there beginning in early 2025, with the agreement stipulating that 30 new restaurants would open across the country over the following 10 years.[52] A few days later, they announced that they will enter the Romanian market, opening 5 restaurants in 2025.[53]

Wendy's by country and continent

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

South America

Former locations

Menu

Wendy's offers two different hamburger patties, a "Junior" 1.78oz patty and a "Single" 4oz patty. The 4-ounce patties are sold in single, double, and triple configurations, and the 1.78-ounce ones in single and double. The previous size of 2oz per junior patty was reduced in 2007 to save money. The chain's patties are known for being square instead of round; as more square patties can fit onto a single grill over round.[67] Originally, Wendy's had only two kinds of chicken sandwiches, fried and grilled. The spicy chicken sandwich started out as a promotion. It was later put on the menu full-time in 1996 because of its popularity and its ease of preparation; it used the same condiments as the standard fried chicken sandwich.

The Frescata line of sandwiches also went from being promotional items to main menu items; after going through several revisions, the Turkey and Swiss and the Ham and Swiss were put on the menu full-time. They were discontinued in mid-December 2007. Occasionally, some Wendy's restaurants offer a fried fish sandwich.

In 1988, Wendy's was the first fast-food chain to create a single-price-point "value menu" where all items listed on that menu were priced exclusively at 99¢. That menu was modified in 2007, with prices ranging from 99¢ to $2.00.

Breakfast

Wendy's served breakfast beginning in 1985, but that endeavor proved unsuccessful.[68] In mid-2007, Wendy's started serving breakfast again in its U.S. and some Canadian locations.[69] While approximately 12 Wendy's restaurants in the U.S. and its territories had been serving breakfast since 2006, Wendy's did not have a company-wide breakfast offering until 2020.[69] [70]

The 2007 breakfast menu is different from the ones featured in 1985 and is structured similarly to the lunch/dinner menu, with "value meals" and various sides like blended fruit.[70] Menu items include several breakfast sandwiches served on biscuits, "frescuits", and Kaiser rolls, breakfast burritos, and side orders of hash browns, muffins, and cinnamon sticks.[71] To avoid problems encountered with the 1985 breakfast, the 2007 menu was designed for ease of operation, lower cost, and reduced preparation time.[69]

In January 2016, Wendy's announced a transition plan to serve only cage-free eggs by 2020 in all U.S. and Canadian locations that serve breakfast.[72] [73]

In September 2019, Wendy's announced it would launch a nationwide breakfast menu in March 2020, including a breakfast version of its Baconator, a Frosty-inspired coffee drink, and a honey butter chicken biscuit.[74] That menu includes 19 items.[75] It began offering new a cinnamon roll-like baked good via a partnership with Cinnabon in February 2024, and this came on top of other recent additions like a breakfast burrito that resembled something from Taco Bell and or a sandwich similar to the McMuffin from McDonalds, as CNN reported.[76]

Surge pricing

In February 2024, the company announced a plan to explore dynamic pricing, or surge pricing, where the cost of menu items would change throughout the day depending on timing of purchases and restaurant activity, in early 2025. Similar moves have been attempted by AMC Entertainment and Uber. Despite not receiving much attention when first discussed on the company's earnings call, the reaction was largely negative. The company decided against the move later that month and emphasized discounts it offers customers.[77]

Notable menu items

Food safety

In 2015, Wendy's had two food safety incidents involving foreign objects in food at their restaurants in Gurgaon, India.[102]

In late August 2022, 97 people reported getting sick after eating sandwiches containing romaine lettuce at Wendy's restaurants in the U.S. states of Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and Kentucky.[103] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention never could officially identify the specific source of the E. coli outbreak, but Wendy's removed romaine lettuce from the affected restaurants.[104] [105] In October 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declared the E. coli outbreak was over, stating that at least 109 people had been impacted. Of those cases, 52 people had been admitted to hospitals and 13 had developed hemolytic uremic syndrome.[106]

Advertising

After successful early growth of the chain, sales flattened as the company struggled to achieve brand differentiation in the highly competitive fast-food market. This situation would turn around in the mid-1980s. Starting on January 9, 1984, elderly actress Clara Peller was featured in the successful "Where's the beef?" North American commercial campaign written by Cliff Freeman. Her famous line quickly entered the American pop culture (it was even used by Walter Mondale in a debate with Gary Hart in the Democratic primary election) and served to promote Wendy's hamburgers. Peller, age 83, was dropped from the campaign in 1985 because she performed in a commercial for Prego spaghetti sauce, saying "I found it, I really found it",[107] a phrase alluding to the beef in the listener's mind.

Peller was soon after replaced by Wendy's founder Dave Thomas himself. Soft-spoken and bashful, the "Dave" ads generally focused on Thomas praising his products and offering a commitment to quality service, although there would occasionally be "wackier" ads as well. Thomas ultimately appeared in more than 800 commercials, more than any other company founder in television history.[108]

After Dave Thomas' death in 2002, Wendy's struggled to find a new advertising campaign. After a round of conventional ads describing the food they serve, in 2004 they tried using a character they made called "Mr. Wendy" who claimed to be the unofficial spokesperson for the chain. These proved to be extremely unsuccessful. After seven months, Wendy's returned to an animated campaign focusing on the difference between Wendy's square hamburgers and the round hamburgers of competitors.

Wendy's marketing arm engages in product placement in films and television and is sometimes seen on ABC's reality show , serving food to the more than 100 construction workers.

A 2007 Wendy's commercial featured the tune from the Violent Femmes song "Blister in the Sun". The inclusion of the song in the commercial provoked an internal conflict between members of the Violent Femmes, which resulted in a lawsuit between bassist Brian Ritchie and lead singer Gordon Gano that ultimately led to the band disbanding in 2009 (however, they would reunite in 2013).[109] [110]

With their "That's right" ad campaign, not a success, Wendy's unveiled a new ad campaign, featuring the animated version of their mascot voiced by Luci Christian highlighting certain menu items. The new ad campaign made its debut in late January 2008, with slogans: in the US:"It's waaaay better than fast food. It's Wendy's." and in Canada, "It's waaaay delicious. It's Wendy's."[111] The company's slogan, "you know when it's real", was introduced in 2010.

In November 2010, a series of commercials aired featuring the company's namesake, Wendy Thomas, which marked the first time she had appeared in a Wendy's advertisement.[112] [113] In April 2012, Morgan Smith Goodwin began appearing as the redhead in ads with the slogan "Now that's better."[114] [115] In 2013, social media advertising featuring Nick Lachey directed at millennials promoted the Pretzel Bacon Cheeseburger.[116]

A 2014 campaign to promote the Tuscan Chicken on Ciabatta sandwich entitled L'Estrella de la Toscana (or "Star of Tuscany" in English) was launched on television and social media.[117]

Slogans

United States – Canada

Other countries

Controversies

Worker relations

Wendy's has been the target of protests and boycotts by advocates of the Fair Food Program (FFP) in the US due to corporate refusal to join the agricultural worker protection partnership,[126] established in 2011.[127] In 2016, the Coalition of Immokalee Workers began a US-wide boycott of Wendy's to pressure the company to join the FFP,[128] supported by the Student/Farmworker Alliance.[129] A key component of the predecessors to the FFP was commitment by buyers of agricultural products like tomatoes to pay growers a small amount more (such as one penny per pound), to be passed on to their field workers.[130] The FFP provides protections against exploitation to agricultural workers.[127]

In response, Wendy's reported that it began to purchase tomatoes in 2019 solely from growers who use hydroponics and greenhouses to cultivate tomatoes, subject to Wendy's corporate code of conduct for its supply chain. Wendy's policy requires third-party reviews of farm labor practices.[131] [132]

In popular culture

On March 23, 2018, Wendy's released an EP titled We Beefin?, a reference to their 1984 slogan Where's the beef?[133]

On October 3, 2019, Wendy's released a tabletop role-playing game titled Feast of Legends: Rise From the Deep Freeze,[134] [135] in the style of Dungeons & Dragons. A short multi-part adventure was included, pitting Wendy's kingdom against the Ice Jester, a parody of Ronald McDonald, the clown mascot of Wendy's competitor, McDonald's. Critical Role was sponsored for a special event live stream of the game.[136] [137]

See also

External links

Notes and References

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  2. Web site: The Wendy's Company. February 7, 2018. June 9, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190609101336/http://services.corporate-ir.net/SEC/Document.Service?id=P3VybD1hSFIwY0RvdkwyRndhUzUwWlc1cmQybDZZWEprTG1OdmJTOWtiM2R1Ykc5aFpDNXdhSEEvWVdOMGFXOXVQVkJFUmlacGNHRm5aVDB4TVRRek9UTTJNU1p6ZFdKemFXUTlOVGM9JnR5cGU9MiZmbj1UaGVXZW5keXNDb21wYW55XzEwS18yMDE3MDMwMi5wZGY=. dead.
  3. Web site: Leadership Team . Wendy's . May 18, 2016 . March 31, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190331210046/https://www.wendys.com/leadership-team . live .
  4. News: UPDATE 2-Triarc completes $2.2 bln Wendy's acquisition . October 15, 2023 . Reuters . September 29, 2008 . en.
  5. News: Williams . Trevor . Triarc, Wendy's Seal Merger Deal . October 15, 2023 . Global Atlanta . September 30, 2008.
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  7. Web site: Taylor. Kate. Here's why Wendy's Burgers are Square. Business Insider. September 14, 2016. March 3, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210303174228/https://www.businessinsider.com/why-are-wendys-burgers-square-2016-9. live.
  8. Web site: Fast food dies slow death downtown. Eaton. Dan. December 19, 2008. March 8, 2009. August 29, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090829005932/http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/stories/2008/12/22/story1.html. live.
  9. Web site: April 30, 2010 . Catholic Foundation opens new HQ at old Wendy's . subscription . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20121103055401/http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/stories/2010/04/26/daily38.html . November 3, 2012 . November 19, 2010 . Business First.
  10. Web site: Powers . John . John Powers (journalist) . April 25, 2019 . John Havlicek, one of the greatest Celtics ever, dies at 79 – The Boston Globe . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220802085839/https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/obituaries/2019/04/25/john-havlicek-one-greatest-celtics-ever-dies/Dwh59K8YIZO9PZ0b3lMQ7J/story.html . August 2, 2022 . January 2, 2020 . The Boston Globe.
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  16. Web site: History of Wendy's International, Inc. – FundingUniverse. May 30, 2015. June 5, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150605102613/http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/wendy-s-international-inc-history/. live.
  17. Web site: Curran . Libby . May 13, 2021 . US Burger Chain Wendy's Is Handing Out Free Burgers and Desserts in The Rocks Today . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210527114753/https://concreteplayground.com/sydney/food-drink/us-burger-chain-wendys-is-handing-out-free-burgers-and-desserts-in-the-rocks-today . May 27, 2021 . May 27, 2021 . Concrete Playground.
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  22. Web site: (WEN) Wendy's/Arby's Group Opens Store in Singapore. stockbloghub.com. September 24, 2015. February 16, 2016. https://archive.today/20160216050144/http://www.stockbloghub.com/2009/12/16/wen-wendy%E2%80%99sarby%E2%80%99s-group-opens-store-in-singapore/23017. dead.
  23. News: Schuman . Michael . Gibson . Richard . November 27, 1998 . Following Wendy's Exit, Koreans Munch on Winner's . The Wall Street Journal . Seoul, South Korea . Reuters . September 23, 2015 . September 17, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150917081756/http://www.wright.edu/~tdung/wendy_korea.htm . dead. Wright State University.
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  28. Web site: December 1, 1996 . Το καρέ των ταχυφαγάδικων . The frame of fast food restaurants . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150923170847/http://www.tovima.gr/finance/article/?aid=84213 . September 23, 2015 . September 22, 2015 . tovima . el.
  29. Web site: Christodoulou . Kostis . September 26, 2015 . Γιώργος Νίκας: Έφερε τα Wendy's στην Ελλάδα, πάει τον γύρο στην Αμερική . Giorgos Nikas: He brought Wendy's to Greece, he is doing the rounds in America . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210511070304/https://www.news247.gr/weekend-edition/giorgos-nikas-efere-ta-wendy-s-stin-ellada-paei-ton-gyro-stin-ameriki.6374572.html . May 11, 2021 . May 11, 2021 . news247.gr . el.
  30. Web site: November 29, 2000 . Wendy's se fue de la Argentina . Wendy's left Argentina . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150925090634/http://edant.clarin.com/diario/2000/11/29/e-01901.htm . September 25, 2015 . September 22, 2015 . clarin.com . Spanish.
  31. Web site: Wendy's UK pull-out nets £1.5m. the caterer. September 22, 2015. September 23, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150923173427/https://www.thecaterer.com/articles/28286/wendy39s-uk-pull-out-nets-1631.5m. dead.
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  42. Web site: May 6, 2015 . Wendys, Worlds Third Largest Burger Chain to Open Outlet in India . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150518083153/http://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/wendys-worlds-third-largest-burger-chain-to-open-outlet-in-gurgaon-india-760768 . May 18, 2015 . May 30, 2015 . NDTV Food.
  43. News: JAE Restaurant Group Acquires 97 South Florida Wendy's Restaurants . Hospitality Tech . September 26, 2016 . February 3, 2019 . February 4, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190204070137/https://hospitalitytech.com/jae-restaurant-group-acquires-97-south-florida-wendys-restaurants . live .
  44. News: Wendy's lays out 2020 sales, restaurant goals . Dan . Eaton . . February 22, 2018 . February 3, 2019 . April 23, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200423202637/https://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2018/02/22/wendys-lays-out-2020-sales-restaurant-goals.html . live .
  45. News: Locklear . Mallory . Wendy's will deliver your next Baconator through DoorDash . June 19, 2021 . Engadget . December 1, 2017 . June 24, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203843/https://www.engadget.com/2017-12-01-wendys-deliver-baconator-doordash.html . live .
  46. News: American burger chain Wendy's to open 20 diners in Britain next year – and Stoke-on-Trent could be on the hit list! . Hayley . Parker . . October 26, 2019 . October 28, 2019 . October 28, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191028102316/https://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/whats-on/food-drink/american-burger-chain-wendys-open-3464122 . live .
  47. News: Wendy's on track to open first UK restaurant in 20 years . Sophie . Witts . . October 12, 2020 . January 10, 2021 . January 25, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210125100942/https://www.thecaterer.com/news/wendys-uk-restaurant-opening-reading . live .
  48. News: Perrin . Isabella . June 2, 2021 . Wendy's first UK restaurant opens in Reading today . Reading Chronicle . June 2, 2021 . June 2, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210602085037/https://www.readingchronicle.co.uk/news/19342562.wendys-opens-reading-today/ . live .
  49. News: First Wendy's drive-thru in UK opening in new £65m Essex leisure park. Arike. Idris. Essex Live. July 11, 2023. July 11, 2023.
  50. News: January 8, 2021. Flynn Restaurant to buy half of Wendy's burger joints operated by bankrupt NPC. en. Reuters. January 8, 2021. January 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210107180119/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-wendy-npc-idUSKBN29C2DJ. live.
  51. News: Jessica Yun. March 13, 2023. US burger giant Wendy's is coming. Australians are taking the fight to them. en. The Age. March 13, 2023. March 12, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230312192116/https://www.theage.com.au/business/entrepreneurship/burger-wars-global-giant-to-disrupt-australian-fast-food-industry-20230308-p5cqg7.html. live.
  52. News: 11 July 2024. US fast-food chain Wendy's set to launch in Ireland next year. Irish Mirror .
  53. Web site: EXCLUSIV Planul gigantului Wendy's pentru România, prima ieșire în afara SUA după mulți ani. Se vine cu investiții de cel puțin 200 milioane dolari. Detalii despre primele restaurante . 2024-08-15 . Profit.ro . ro.
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  55. News: US trade mission to Tashkent comes amid growing investment . Caravanserai . June 26, 2019 . January 10, 2021 . Yeniseyev . Maksim . October 20, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201020174345/https://central.asia-news.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_ca/features/2019/06/26/feature-01 . live .
  56. Web site: Staines . Michael . US burger chain Wendy's is coming to Ireland . Newstalk . April 3, 2023 . en . November 28, 2022.
  57. Web site: EXCLUSIV Planul gigantului Wendy's pentru România, prima ieșire în afara SUA după mulți ani. Se vine cu investiții de cel puțin 200 milioane dolari. Detalii despre primele restaurante. Profit.ro.
  58. Web site: US fast food giant sets sights on Australia in looming battle of the burger. September 23, 2022. 7NEWS. November 26, 2022. October 15, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221015200324/https://7news.com.au/lifestyle/food/us-fast-food-giant-wendys-sets-sights-on-australia-with-plans-for-10-stores-on-our-shores-c-8334178. live.
  59. Web site: US burger chain Wendy's is coming to Australia. Sarah. Stowe. September 15, 2022. SmartCompany. November 26, 2022. October 3, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221003070118/https://www.smartcompany.com.au/industries/hospitality/us-burger-chain-wendys-australia/. live.
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  62. News: Wendy's Burger Chain Seeks Franchisee to Renew Activity in Israel. Globes. July 21, 1996. Zehava. Dovrat. February 7, 2018. Wendy's has already tried its luck in Israel. It entered activities in Israel nine years ago through the Blue Square supermarket chain, then managed by Benny Gaon. The chain was operated by the franchise method and reached six branches. [People] in the industry say that the chain failed due to managerial problems and a poor marketing plan. In addition, [Israelis] simply didn't like the product.. February 7, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180207122245/http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-351091. live.
  63. Web site: Burgers are King and South Africans are licking their lips!. November 14, 2012. April 6, 2019. December 23, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191223142053/https://whichfranchise.co.za/burgers-are-king-and-south-africans-are-licking-their-lips/. live.
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  65. Web site: Swiss burghers in pickle over US fast-food invasion. The Christian Science Monitor. July 2, 1981. February 2, 2021. February 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210207074942/https://www.csmonitor.com/1981/0702/070206.html. live.
  66. Web site: Wendy's cierra en Venezuela. October 12, 2023. March 26, 2021. Spanish.
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  68. Web site: David Zuckerman. July 1, 1985. Wendy's enters breakfast arena; chain faces fierce competition. dead. https://archive.today/20120708034534/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3190/is_v19/ai_3842394/. July 8, 2012. July 1, 2007. Nation's Restaurant News.
  69. Web site: Wendy's considers new breakfast menu. . Billings Gazette. March 8, 2005. July 1, 2007. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20071006080316/http://www.billingsgazette.com/newdex.php?display=rednews%2F2005%2F03%2F08%2Fbuild%2Fbusiness%2F52-wendys.inc. October 6, 2007.
  70. Web site: Sue Stock. April 7, 2006. Wendy's to try breakfast at three local stores. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070125143442/http://www.newsobserver.com/104/story/426227.html . January 25, 2007. July 1, 2007. The News & Observer.
  71. Web site: Wendy's joins scramble to lure morning diners . Cheryl V. Jackson . . June 26, 2007 . July 1, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071013164702/http://dailysouthtown.com/business/442923,261BIZ2.article . October 13, 2007 . dead .
  72. Web site: Quirk. Mary Beth. Wendy's Pledges To Use Only Eggs From Cage-Free Hens By 2020 In North American Locations. consumerist.com. January 4, 2016. January 4, 2016. January 4, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160104195138/http://consumerist.com/2016/01/04/wendys-pledges-to-use-only-eggs-from-cage-free-hens-by-2020-in-north-american-locations/. live.
  73. Web site: Settembre. Jeanette. Wendy's is the latest fast-food chain to join the cage-free egg movement. Daily News. January 4, 2016 . New York. January 4, 2016. January 6, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160106094407/http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/eats/wendy-joins-cage-free-egg-movement-article-1.2485029. live.
  74. Web site: Wendy's is rolling out a totally new breakfast menu — check it out. Today. September 10, 2019. February 16, 2020. February 15, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200215150141/https://www.today.com/food/wendy-s-rolling-out-breakfast-1st-time-ever-check-out-t162214. live.
  75. Web site: Here's everything on the new Wendy's breakfast menu. Mann. Court. March 2, 2020. Deseret News. en. March 4, 2020. March 3, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200303144535/https://www.deseret.com/entertainment/2020/3/2/21161883/wendys-breakfast-menu-new-list-baconator-frostyccino-march-2-national-mcmuffin-day-mcdonalds. live.
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  79. News: Tober . Janice . This Is Why Wendy's Chili Is So Delicious . . May 19, 2021 . September 19, 2022 . September 20, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173722/https://www.mashed.com/156521/this-is-why-wendys-chili-is-so-delicious/ . live .
  80. Book: Llanas, Sheila Griffin . Dave Thomas: Wendy's Founder . Abdo Publishing . 2014 . 9781629686059 . October 23, 2022 . March 18, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230318165308/https://books.google.com/books?id=_hVFBAAAQBAJ&dq=wendy%27s+frosty&pg=PA19 . live .
  81. Web site: Reality Check: Wendy's New Hot 'N Juicy. May 30, 2015. May 31, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150531015807/http://aht.seriouseats.com/archives/2011/09/reality-check-wendys-new-hot-n-juicy-review.html/. live.
  82. News: Paler. Kyla. October 6, 2016. The Bacon Mushroom Melt gets a holiday upgrade. spot.ph. September 21, 2018. September 21, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180921200121/https://www.spot.ph/eatdrink/the-latest-eat-drink/68013/wendys-christmas-bacon-ham-mushroom-melt-burgers-a00173-20161006. live.
  83. Web site: Χατζηιωάννου. Χρήστος. Φέρτε πίσω τα Wendy's. Ποια μάρμαρα του Παρθενώνα; Εδώ μαζεύουμε υπογραφές για να γυρίσει το Bacon Mushroom Melt.. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20121013152946/https://www.oneman.gr/keimena/diaskedash/oneman_food/ferte-pisw-ta-wendy-s.1965170.html. October 13, 2012. oneman.gr. el.
  84. Web site: Wendy's Bacon Mushroom Melt Television Commercial 1991. September 20, 2017 . https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/7YDD3bAiOhs . December 15, 2021 . live. YouTube.
  85. Web site: Baconator Mushroom Melt. Wendys. September 21, 2018. December 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181223185802/https://www.wendys.co.nz/menu/item?id=66%2F. live.
  86. Web site: News: Wendy's – New Bacon Portabella Mushroom Melt. Brand Eating. September 21, 2018. September 21, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180921191237/https://www.brandeating.com/2012/09/news-wendys-new-bacon-portabella.html. live.
  87. News: Thorn . Brett . January 23, 2014 . Wendy's introduces Ciabatta Bacon Cheeseburger . . January 2, 2015 . January 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150102062442/http://nrn.com/food-trends/wendys-introduces-ciabatta-bacon-cheeseburger . live .
  88. News: January 27, 2014 . Wendy's Unveils Mediterranean-Inspired Cheeseburger . QSR Magazine . January 2, 2015 . January 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150102044557/http://www.qsrmagazine.com/news/wendy-s-unveils-mediterranean-inspired-cheeseburger . live .
  89. News: Wong . Venessa . January 23, 2014 . Wendy's Next Expedition in Bread: Ciabatta . . January 2, 2015 . January 3, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150103025439/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-01-23/wendys-next-expedition-in-bread-ciabatta . dead .
  90. News: Mary. Vanac. January 27, 2014. Meet Wendy's Ciabatta Bacon Cheeseburger. Columbus Dispatch. Columbus, Ohio. dead. https://archive.today/20140203073454/http://www.dispatch.com/content/blogs/the-bottom-line/2014/01/wendys-bringing-bacon-cheeseburger-back-with-ciabatta-bun.html. February 3, 2014. January 2, 2015.
  91. News: Hugh . Robert . January 27, 2014 . Wendy's rolls out its Ciabatta Bacon Cheeseburger . . Springfield, Mass. . January 2, 2015 . January 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150102045807/http://www.masslive.com/dining/2014/01/wendys_introduces_the_ciabatta.html . live .
  92. Web site: CIABATTA BACON CHEESEBURGER. dead. https://archive.today/20140203073327/http://www.wendys.com/en-us/hamburgers/ciabatta-bacon-cheeseburger. February 3, 2014. February 3, 2014. wendys.com. Wendy's.
  93. News: Hoffman . Ken . February 10, 2014 . Drive-thru review: Wendy's Ciabatta Bacon Cheeseburger brings new, exciting tastes to burgers . The Gazette . Colorado Springs, CO . January 2, 2015 . January 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150102052953/http://gazette.com/drive-thru-review-wendys-ciabatta-bacon-cheeseburger-brings-new-exciting-tastes-to-burgers/article/1514188 . live .
  94. Web site: Wendy's Ciabatta Bacon Cheeseburger Makes Drive-Thru (Almost) Upscale . Grence . JK . February 26, 2014 . Phoenix New Times . March 3, 2014 . November 24, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141124080501/http://blogs.phoenixnewtimes.com/bella/2014/02/wendys-ciabatta-bacon-cheeseburger.php . live .
  95. News: Horlyk . Earl . February 6, 2014 . Fast food taste test: Ciabatta Bacon Cheeseburger . Sioux City Journal . Sioux City, IA . January 2, 2015 . February 9, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200209164405/https://siouxcityjournal.com/weekender/food/fast-food-taste-test-ciabatta-bacon-cheeseburger/article_ac1a93c8-d3b0-515d-9fca-c260c9e660e8.html . live .
  96. Web site: Wendy's – Quality Is Our Recipe. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160328142607/https://www.wendys.com/en-us/black-bean-burger12. March 28, 2016. March 2, 2017.
  97. News: Wendy's Updates $5 Biggie Bag Deal with More Crispy-Fried Chicken . 23 June 2024 . Brand Eating . May 9, 2020.
  98. News: New $5 Biggie Bag Arrives at Wendy's; Free with DoorDash Delivery Order Through March 24, 2019 . 23 June 2024 . Brand Eating . March 18, 2019.
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  103. News: An E. coli outbreak associated with Wendy's restaurants has now sickened 97 people in 6 states . Rebekah . Riess . . September 3, 2022 . September 15, 2022 . September 15, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220915074808/https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/03/health/wendys-ecoli-outbreak-september/index.html . live .
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  107. News: Ap. August 12, 1987. Clara Peller, the Actress In 'Where's the Beef?' TV Ad. The New York Times. April 6, 2019. April 6, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190406173421/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/12/obituaries/clara-peller-the-actress-in-where-s-the-beef-tv-ad.html. live.
  108. Web site: Dave Thomas Biography . Wendy's International . June 27, 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070628165205/http://www.wendys.com/dave/davethomas_biography.pdf . June 28, 2007 .
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  110. Web site: January 25, 2013. Grinderman reform for Coachella. dead. https://archive.today/20130219180543/http://themusic.com.au/news/all/2013/01/25/grinderman-reform-for-coachella/. February 19, 2013. January 26, 2013. theMUSIC.au.
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  112. News: Amanda . Finnegan . . Las Vegas to serve as test market for Wendy's burger line; Ad campaign next week will feature daughter of founder Dave Thomas . November 5, 2010 . August 6, 2011 . November 21, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211121065755/https://lasvegassun.com/news/2010/nov/05/las-vegas-serve-test-market-wendys-burger-line/ . live .
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  115. News: Is the Actress in the Wendy's Commercials a Real Redhead?. Scott. Walter. Parade. September 6, 2014. October 19, 2014. October 19, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141019203546/http://parade.condenast.com/334980/walterscott/is-the-actress-in-the-wendys-commercials-a-real-redhead/. live.
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  119. Web site: Philip H. Dougherty. June 26, 1986. Wendy's Spot Created By Lockhardt & Pettus. December 29, 2007. The New York Times. The group has a song Fresh that fits in well with the Wendy's theme, Choose fresh. Choose Wendy's.. February 23, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090223232422/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE1DA1230F935A15755C0A960948260. live.
  120. News: Wendy's has a beef with "Where's the beef?" effect . . June 18, 1987.
  121. News: Stakes are rising in the battle for JWT Group . . June 16, 1987.
  122. News: It's Now America's Not-so-Fast Food Industry . . June 6, 1987.
  123. News: Wendy's taps agency contenders . . May 29, 1987.
  124. Web site: Wendy's Salad Days . Davide Dukcevich . . April 9, 2002 . December 29, 2007 . Earlier this month, Wendy's released a new advertising tagline, "It's Better Here," as part of a campaign that purports to showcase Dublin, Ohio, where it has its headquarters. . May 14, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080514200131/http://www.forbes.com/2002/04/09/0409wendys.html . live .
  125. Web site: February 24, 2023 . Wendy's 'Square's the Beef' campaign tweaks famous slogan . March 24, 2023 . Ad Age . en.
  126. News: Wendy's Faces Farmworker Hunger Strike Over Claims Chain Won't Support Actions to End Sexual Abuse. Goodkind. Nicole. March 14, 2018. Newsweek. June 3, 2023.
  127. Web site: Farmworkers Push Wendy's, Kroger and Publix to Take Stance Against Forced Labor. Seidman. Derek. March 11, 2023. June 3, 2023. Truthout.
  128. Web site: USA: CIW calls on delivery companies to drop Wendy's until it joins the Fair Food Program; incl. company response. January 19, 2021. Business & Human Rights Resource Center. June 3, 2023.
  129. News: Chapman. Annabelle. FSU students fight for farmworker rights. FightBack!News. July 26, 2022. June 3, 2023.
  130. News: One Penny More a Pound. December 4, 2010. The New York Times. limited. June 3, 2023. Editorial.
  131. News: Navarro. Josh. Justice for Farmworkers: March urges Wendy's to join Fair Food Program. March 31, 2022. Fox 29 WFLX.com. Gray Television, Inc.. June 3, 2023.
  132. News: Sainato. Michael. Why Wendy's is the source of unrest among US farm workers. The Guardian. April 28, 2022. June 3, 2023.
  133. News: Williams . Aaron . Wendy's Disses Its Restaurant Competition All Over 'We Beefin'?' EP . February 11, 2019 . UPROXX . March 23, 2018 . February 12, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130736/https://uproxx.com/hiphop/wendys-we-beefin-mixtape/ . live .
  134. Web site: The Fight Against Frozen Beef | Feast Of Legends Wendy's Role-Playing Game. feastoflegends.com. October 20, 2019. August 13, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220813081151/http://feastoflegends.com/. dead.
  135. Web site: Griner . David . October 4, 2019 . 5 Perilous Choices You'll Face in the Wendy's Role-Playing Game . subscription . July 4, 2023 . . en-US.
  136. Web site: Hoffer . Christian . Critical Role Is Teaming Up with Wendy's for a Special One-Shot . comicbook.com . January 27, 2021 . April 15, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210415131126/https://comicbook.com/gaming/news/critical-role-wendys-dungeons-and-dragons/ . live .
  137. Web site: Girdwood . Andrew . July 7, 2020 . Critical Role officially denies any wrongdoing with a consultant . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210125053855/https://www.geeknative.com/74499/critical-role-officially-denies-any-wrongdoing-with-a-consultant/ . January 25, 2021 . January 27, 2021 . Geek Native.

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