Wee1-like protein kinase explained

See also: Wee1.

WEE1 homolog (S. pombe), also known as WEE1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the WEE1 gene.^[1]

Function

This gene encodes a nuclear protein, which is a tyrosine kinase belonging to the Ser/Thr family of protein kinases. This protein catalyzes the inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of CDC2/cyclin B kinase, and appears to coordinate the transition between DNA replication and mitosis by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated CDC2 kinase.^[2]

Interactions

Wee1-like protein kinase has been shown to interact with YWHAB^[3] and PIN1.^[4]

Further reading

• Kino T, Pavlakis GN . Partner molecules of accessory protein Vpr of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. . DNA Cell Biol. . 23 . 4 . 193–205 . 2004 . 15142377 . 10.1089/104454904773819789 .
• Kino T, Chrousos GP . Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 accessory protein Vpr: a causative agent of the AIDS-related insulin resistance/lipodystrophy syndrome? . Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. . 1024 . 1. 153–67 . 2004 . 15265780 . 10.1196/annals.1321.013 . 2004NYASA1024..153K . 23655886 .
• Le Rouzic E, Benichou S . The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle. . Retrovirology . 2 . 11 . 2006 . 15725353 . 10.1186/1742-4690-2-11 . 554975 . free .
• Zhao RY, Elder RT . Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation. . Cell Res. . 15 . 3 . 143–9 . 2005 . 15780175 . 10.1038/sj.cr.7290279 . free .
• Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT . HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses. . Indian J. Med. Res. . 121 . 4 . 270–86 . 2005 . 15817944 .
• Li L, Li HS, Pauza CD, etal . Roles of HIV-1 auxiliary proteins in viral pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions. . Cell Res. . 15 . 11–12 . 923–34 . 2006 . 16354571 . 10.1038/sj.cr.7290370 . free .
• Igarashi M, Nagata A, Jinno S, etal . Wee1(+)-like gene in human cells. . Nature . 353 . 6339 . 80–3 . 1991 . 1840647 . 10.1038/353080a0 . 1991Natur.353...80I . 2920330 .
• Baldin V, Ducommun B . Subcellular localisation of human wee1 kinase is regulated during the cell cycle. . J. Cell Sci. . 108 . 6. 2425–32 . 1995 . 10.1242/jcs.108.6.2425 . 7673359 .
• Watanabe N, Broome M, Hunter T . Regulation of the human WEE1Hu CDK tyrosine 15-kinase during the cell cycle. . EMBO J. . 14 . 9 . 1878–91 . 1995 . 7743995 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07180.x. 398287 .
• McGowan CH, Russell P . Cell cycle regulation of human WEE1. . EMBO J. . 14 . 10 . 2166–75 . 1995 . 7774574 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07210.x. 398322 .
• Kharbanda S, Yuan ZM, Taneja N, etal . p56/p53lyn tyrosine kinase activation in mammalian cells treated with mitomycin C. . Oncogene . 9 . 10 . 3005–11 . 1994 . 8084605 .
• Heald R, McLoughlin M, McKeon F . Human wee1 maintains mitotic timing by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated Cdc2 kinase. . Cell . 74 . 3 . 463–74 . 1993 . 8348613 . 10.1016/0092-8674(93)80048-J . 12091935 .
• McGowan CH, Russell P . Human Wee1 kinase inhibits cell division by phosphorylating p34cdc2 exclusively on Tyr15. . EMBO J. . 12 . 1 . 75–85 . 1993 . 8428596 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05633.x. 413177 .
• Taviaux SA, Demaille JG . Localization of human cell cycle regulatory genes CDC25C to 5q31 and WEE1 to 11p15.3-11p15.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. . Genomics . 15 . 1 . 194–6 . 1993 . 8432534 . 10.1006/geno.1993.1032 .
• Booher RN, Holman PS, Fattaey A . Human Myt1 is a cell cycle-regulated kinase that inhibits Cdc2 but not Cdk2 activity. . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 35 . 22300–6 . 1997 . 9268380 . 10.1074/jbc.272.35.22300 . free .
• Zhou BB, Li H, Yuan J, Kirschner MW . Caspase-dependent activation of cyclin-dependent kinases during Fas-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 12 . 6785–90 . 1998 . 9618490 . 10.1073/pnas.95.12.6785 . 22635 . 1998PNAS...95.6785Z . free .
• Taylor WR, DePrimo SE, Agarwal A, etal . Mechanisms of G2 arrest in response to overexpression of p53. . Mol. Biol. Cell . 10 . 11 . 3607–22 . 1999 . 10564259 . 10.1091/mbc.10.11.3607. 25646 .
• Wang Y, Jacobs C, Hook KE, etal . Binding of 14-3-3beta to the carboxyl terminus of Wee1 increases Wee1 stability, kinase activity, and G2-M cell population. . Cell Growth Differ. . 11 . 4 . 211–9 . 2000 . 10775038 .
• Cichutek A, Brueckmann T, Seipel B, etal . Comparative architectural aspects of regions of conserved synteny on human chromosome 11p15.3 and mouse chromosome 7 (including genes WEE1 and LMO1). . Cytogenet. Cell Genet. . 93 . 3–4 . 277–83 . 2001 . 11528126 . 10.1159/000056998 . 25807985 .
• Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, etal . HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25. . Virology . 287 . 2 . 359–70 . 2001 . 11531413 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1007 . free .

Notes and References

1. Igarashi M, Nagata A, Jinno S, Suto K, Okayama H . Wee1(+)-like gene in human cells . Nature . 353 . 6339 . 80–3 . September 1991 . 1840647 . 10.1038/353080a0 . 1991Natur.353...80I . 2920330 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: WEE1 WEE1 homolog (S. pombe).
3. Wang . Y . Jacobs C . Hook K E . Duan H . Booher R N . Sun Y . April 2000 . Binding of 14-3-3beta to the carboxyl terminus of Wee1 increases Wee1 stability, kinase activity, and G2-M cell population . Cell Growth Differ. . 11 . 4 . 211–9 . UNITED STATES. 1044-9523. 10775038 .
4. 10.1101/gad.12.5.706 . Shen . M . Stukenberg P T . Kirschner M W . Lu K P . March 1998 . The essential mitotic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 binds and regulates mitosis-specific phosphoproteins . Genes Dev. . 12 . 5 . 706–20 . UNITED STATES. 0890-9369. 9499405 . 316589 .