Weather of 2004 explained

The following is a list of weather events that occurred on Earth in the year 2004. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones. The deadliest disaster was Hurricane Jeanne, which killed more than 3,000 people when it struck Hispaniola, mostly in Haiti. This was just four months after flooding in Hispaniola killed 2,665 people. Jeanne was also the fourth hurricane to strike the United States in the year, following Charley, Frances, and Ivan. Ivan was the costliest natural disaster of the year, causing US$26.1 billion in damage in the Caribbean and the United States.

Winter storms and cold waves

In February, a snow storm dropped significant snowfall across eastern Canada.[1]

In December, a snow storm killed 18 people and left US$800 million in damage.[2]

Another winter storm produced snowfall in Texas and extreme northern Mexico, causing the first ever recorded White Christmas for some areas.[3]

Droughts, heat waves, and wildfires

Alaska's wildfire season was the worst on record in the state in terms of area burned.[4] In California, there were 7,898 fires that burned 311024acres of land.[5]

In July, Tokyo, Japan recorded its highest-ever temperature  - 39.5 C (103.1 F).[6]

Floods

In May, flooding in Hispaniola killed 2,665 people.[7]

Floods affected Japan in July, causing US$1.95 billion in damage and 20 deaths.[8]

Tornadoes

See main article: Tornadoes of 2004. During the year, there was a record-high total of 1,817 tornadoes in the United States alone, collectively resulting in 35 deaths.[9] [10] This included an outbreak related to Hurricane Ivan, which resulted in 120 tornadoes, the most ever related to a tropical cyclone.[11]

In addition to the United States tornadoes, a powerful tornado struck portions of North-Central Bangladesh in April, killing 111 and injuring nearly 1,500 others.[12] Seven people were killed and 207 injured by a tornado that appeared on the evening of April 21 in Hengyang, Hunan, China.[13] [14]

Tropical cyclones

See also: Tropical cyclones in 2004. As the year began, Cyclone Heta was developing near Fiji,[15] and a few days later, it devastated the South Pacific nation of Niue, resulting in damage equivalent to 25% of its gross domestic product (GDP).[16] Also as the year began, Tropical Storm Darius was approaching Mauritius in the south-west Indian Ocean.[17] Throughout 2004, a further 18 tropical cyclones developed in the south-west Indian Ocean,[18] [19] which included Cyclone Gafilo, the most intense tropical cyclone on record in that part of the world.[20] In March, Gafilo struck Madagascar near peak intensity, killing 363 people.[18] [21] A month prior to Gafilo, Cyclone Elita moved across the same country for the third time, dropping heavy rainfall that led to 33 deaths.[18] In the Australian region, there were 14 tropical cyclones throughout the year, including Tropical Cyclone Raymond which lasted into early January 2005.[19] [22] The South Pacific Ocean had 15 tropical cyclones after Heta, most of them weak.[23] [24]

In addition to the previous tropical cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere, there was an unusual South Atlantic tropical cyclone named Cyclone Catarina, which became the first-ever recorded hurricane off the coast of Brazil. The body of water was previously thought to be hostile to the formation of tropical cyclones. Catarina caused about US$425 million in damage and 12 fatalities.[25] [26]

In the Northern Hemisphere, a record ten typhoons struck Japan, part of the active typhoon season, collectively causing 214 fatalities. Among the typhoons was Typhoon Songda, which left an estimated US$12.5 billion in damage.[27] There was a series of tropical cyclones affecting the Philippines in a two-week period from November to early December, resulting in 1,762 deaths.[28] In the north-east Pacific Ocean, there were 17 tropical cyclones, most of which remained away from land.[29] [30] In the North Indian Ocean, there were nine tropical cyclones, with the practice of naming storms beginning in October. The season included a deadly cyclone in Myanmar that killed 236 people, and a depression that killed 273 people in India.[31] [32]

In the north Atlantic Ocean, there were 16 tropical cyclones, most of which affected land in the Caribbean or the United States.[33] Four hurricanes  - Charley, Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne  - affected Florida in a six-week period, the most to affect the state in a year.[34] Charley left US$16.9 billion in damage when it hit Cuba and Florida.[35] Damage from Frances was estimated at US$9.8 billion.[35] Ivan was the season's strongest, killing 92 people and causing US$26.1 billion in damage in the Caribbean and the United States.[36] Jeanne struck Hispaniola, causing 3,029 deaths on the island, mostly in Haiti, and later caused US$7.5 billion in damage in the United States.[37]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Randi . Mann . Recalling when Nova Scotia and PEI were hit by Hurricane Juan and 'White Juan'. 2022-01-26. The Weather Network . 18 February 2021 . en-CA.
  2. Web site: The Pre-Christmas 2004 Snowstorm Disaster in the Ohio River Valley . Stanley A. . Changnon . David . Changnon . April 2005 . Illinois State Water Survey . Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
  3. Web site: White Christmas Dream Becomes Reality for the Lower RGV, 2004!. 2022-01-26. www.weather.gov. EN-US.
  4. Web site: 2015 wildfire season could be Alaska's worst ever. UPI. 2015-11-24.
  5. Web site: 2004 Wildfire Activity Stats. NIFC. February 14, 2005. August 1, 2018.
  6. Web site: Tokyo Heat Wave Lasted Eight Days, Doubling All-Time Record; 55 Confirmed Dead in Japan | The Weather Channel - Articles from The Weather Channel | weather.com. 2022-01-26. The Weather Channel. en-US.
  7. Web site: Human cost of disasters: An overview of the last 20 years (2000-2019) . UNDRR Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters . Reliefweb.int.
  8. Book: OECD. OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies: Japan 2009 Large-Scale Floods and Earthquakes: Large-Scale Floods and Earthquakes. 2009-02-25. OECD Publishing. 978-92-64-05030-3. en.
  9. Web site: U.S. Annual Tornado Maps (1952–2011): 2004 Tornadoes. Storm Prediction Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. May 14, 2015.
  10. Web site: Annual U.S. Killer Tornado Statistics. Storm Prediction Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. January 18, 2016.
  11. Web site: US Department of Commerce. NOAA. Major Hurricane Beulah - September 20, 1967. 2022-01-26. www.weather.gov. EN-US.
  12. Web site: Microsoft Word - QR169.doc . 2012-11-07 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100606181213/http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/research/qr/qr169/qr169.pdf . 2010-06-06 .
  13. Web site: Asian Disaster Reduction Center（ADRC） . Adrc.asia . 2012-11-07 . 2013-06-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130604234449/http://www.adrc.asia/view_disaster_en.php?NationCode=156&lang=en&KEY=708 . live .
  14. News: Tornado kills 7, injures 207 in central China . 19 January 2022 . China Daily . 23 April 2004.
  15. Web site: IBTrACS - International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. 2022-01-26. ibtracs.unca.edu.
  16. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/31136/economics-climate-change-pacific-brochure.pdf
  17. Web site: IBTrACS - International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. 2022-01-26. ibtracs.unca.edu.
  18. Cyclone Season 2003–2004. RSMC La Réunion. Météo-France. June 21, 2017.
  19. Web site: Southern Hemisphere 2004-2005 Tropical Cyclone Season Review. 2022-01-26. australiasevereweather.com.
  20. Web site: 2014-03-06. 10th Anniversary of Cyclone Gafilo's landfall. 2022-01-26. Hurricane Research Division. en.
  21. Web site: At least 5 killed when cyclone hits Madagascar.
  22. Web site: Southern Hemisphere 2003-2004 Tropical Cyclone Season Review. 2022-01-26. australiasevereweather.com.
  23. Fiji Meteorological Service . May 20, 2024. Tropical Cyclone Summary 2003 — 2004 Season . https://web.archive.org/web/20220126144603/http://www.pacificdisaster.net/doc/TC_Seasonal_Summary_2003-2004.pdf. January 26, 2022. live.
  24. Fiji Meteorological Service . May 20, 2024. Tropical Cyclone Summary 2004 — 2005 Season . https://web.archive.org/web/20220126144604/http://www.pacificdisaster.net/doc/TC_Seasonal_Summary_2004-2005.pdf. January 26, 2022. live.
  25. McTaggart-Cowan. Ron. Bosart. Lance F.. Davis. Christopher A.. Atallah. Eyad H.. Gyakum. John R.. Emanuel. Kerry A.. 2006-11-01. Analysis of Hurricane Catarina (2004). Monthly Weather Review. EN. 134. 11. 3029–3053. 10.1175/MWR3330.1. 2006MWRv..134.3029M. 1520-0493. free.
  26. SYNOPTIC AND MESOSCALE ANALYSIS OF HURRICANE CATARINA, BRAZIL . Proceedings of 8 ICSHMO . 1901–1907 . Foz do Iguaǧu, Brazil, April 24–28, 2006, INPE . Augusto José Pereira Filho . Raquel Silva Lima . 2006.
  27. Web site: Japan's Latest Billion-Dollar Typhoon: Hagibis. 2022-01-26. www.wunderground.com. en.
  28. Web site: Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary November 2004. 2022-01-26. australiasevereweather.com.
  29. Book: Mariners Weather Log. 2005. Environmental Data and Information Service. en.
  30. Web site: 2004 Tropical Cyclones Central North Pacific . NOAA . Andy Nash . Tim Craig . Roy Matsuda . Jeffrey Powell . February 2005.
  31. Report on Cyclonic Disturbances Over North Indian Ocean During 2004. India Meteorological Department. January 2005. 2015-05-24. 2015-04-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104124/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/2004.pdf. live.
  32. International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies. 2004-06-08. Myanmar: Cyclone Rakhine Appeal No. 14/2004 Operations Update No. 1. ReliefWeb. 2015-05-25. 2015-05-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20150526052903/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-cyclone-rakhine-appeal-no-142004-operations-update-no-1. live.
  33. Franklin. James L.. Pasch. Richard J.. Avila. Lixion A.. Beven. John L.. Lawrence. Miles B.. Stewart. Stacy R.. Blake. Eric S.. 2006-03-01. Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2004. Monthly Weather Review. EN. 134. 3. 981–1025. 10.1175/MWR3096.1. 2006MWRv..134..981F. 1520-0493. free.
  34. Web site: Pflugradt. Evan. Four hurricanes in six weeks? Remember 2004, the year of hurricanes. 2022-01-26. The News-Press. en-US.
  35. Web site: Costliest U.S. Hurricanes 1900–2004 (adjusted) . Eric S. Blake . Jerry D. Jarrell . Max Mayfield . Edward N. Rappaport . Christopher W. Landsea . . July 28, 2005 . October 10, 2007 . NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS TPC-1: The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones from 1851 to 2004 (And Other Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts).
  36. Web site: [{{NHC TCR url |id= AL092004_Ivan}} Hurricane Ivan Tropical Cyclone Report ]. Stewart . Stacey . May 22, 2005. . August 20, 2010 .
  37. World Meteorological Organization . 2005 . Twenty-seventh Hurricane Committee . July 10, 2014 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120927230759/http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/documents/FinalHC27Report-English.pdf . September 27, 2012 .

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