Watson C. Squire Explained

Watson C. Squire
Jr/Sr1:United States Senator
State1:Washington
Term Start1:November 20, 1889
Term End1:March 3, 1897
Predecessor1:Position established
Successor1:George Turner
Order2:12th Governor of Washington Territory
Term Start2:July 2, 1884
Term End2:April 9, 1887
Appointer2:Chester A. Arthur
Predecessor2:William A. Newell
Successor2:Eugene Semple
Birth Name:Watson Carvosso Squire
Birth Date:18 May 1838
Birth Place:Cape Vincent, New York
Death Place:Seattle, Washington
Nationality:American
Party:Republican

Watson Carvosso Squire (May 18, 1838June 7, 1926) was an American Civil War veteran, twelfth governor of Washington Territory, and United States Senator from the state of Washington.

Biography

Born in Cape Vincent, New York, Squire attended the public schools, Falley Seminary (in Fulton, New York) and Fairfield Seminary (Herkimer County, New York). He graduated from Wesleyan University in 1859 and was principal of the Moravia Institute.

Career

During the Civil War, Squire enlisted in Company F, Nineteenth Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry, in 1861; he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, and was mustered out the same year. He graduated from Cleveland Law School in 1862 and was admitted to the bar the same year, commencing practice in Cleveland, Ohio.

He rejoined the Union Army, soon thereafter, when the Union called for more men. Upon raising and organizing the 7th Independent Company of the Ohio Sharpshooters, Squire was commissioned a captain in 1862.[1] He served with the Seventh Ohio Sharpshooters until 1865. During the Civil War, Squire participated in the battles of Nashville, Chickamauga, Resaca, and Missionary Ridge. During the latter campaign, "Squire served as judge advocate of the general courts martial. Later Squire was made judge advocate of the district of Tennessee," with headquarters in Nashville.[2] "He served on the staff of Major General Rousseau as judge advocate and also under Major General Thomas during the siege and battle of Nashville." In 1865, he was discharged with the rank of captain and was subsequently Brevetted major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel.

From 1865 to 1879, Squire was employed with the Remington Arms Company as secretary, treasurer, and manager and purchased large holdings in the Territory of Washington in 1876. He married Ida Remington, daughter of Philo Remington, on December 23, 1868, and they had four children, Philo Remington, Shirley Herbert, Adine, and Marjorie.[3] [4]

Squire moved to Seattle in 1879 and was Governor of the Territory of Washington from 1884 to 1887. As governor, Squire confronted the difficult challenge of maintaining law and order during the anti-Chinese riots in Seattle and Tacoma.[5] These riots began in 1885 and peaked on February 8, 1886. At that time, Squire declared martial law and began a system of military rule until order was restored.[6] [7] "Soon after President Cleveland issued a proclamation calling for the restoration of order, and when that was ignored, Federal troops were ordered into Seattle." Squire withdrew martial law on February 22, 1886, but by then most of the Chinese residents already had been expelled from the Territory, put on a ship, and sent to San Francisco. Subsequently, at the request of the U.S. State Department, Governor Squire investigated the losses of property by the Chinese residents of Tacoma, Seattle, and the surrounding area.

Upon the admission of Washington as a State into the Union in 1889, Squire was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate on a strong anti-Chinese platform.[8] He was reelected in 1891 and served from November 20, 1889, to March 4, 1897. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1897. While in the Senate, he was chairman of the Committee on Coast Defenses (Fifty-second and Fifty-fourth Congresses) and a member of the Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Fifty-second Congress). He retired from the practice of law and devoted his time to the management of his properties in Seattle; he was organizer and president of the Union Trust Co. and the Squire Investment Co.

Death

Squire died in Seattle, aged 88, and is interred at Evergreen - Washelli Memorial Park, Washelli Cemetery, Seattle.[9]

References

Retrieved on 2008-02-15

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Watson C. Squire . https://web.archive.org/web/20110714175047/http://www.newyorkancestry.com/Famous%20Folks/Soldiers%20and%20Spies%20master%20list/Watson%20Carvosso%20Squire.htm . 2011-07-14 . Famous People of New York . Patricia R. . James . December 2005 . The Family Tree.
  2. Web site: Guide to the Watson C. Squire Papers . University Libraries, University of Washington . November 4, 2012.
  3. Web site: Watson C. Squire. Washington Secretary of State. 10 October 2012.
  4. Book: Hills, Frederick S. . New York State Men: Biographic Studies and Character Portraits . The Argus Company . 1910 . 34 . . 2024-07-18.
  5. Web site: President Chester A. Arthur appointed Watson C. Squire governor . Territorial Timeline . Washington Secretary of State . November 4, 2012.
  6. Web site: Watson C. Squire . University Libraries, University of Washington . November 4, 2012.
  7. Web site: Daniel Manning letter to Governor Watson C. Squire regarding enforcement of the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act, December 9, 1885 . Pacific Northwest Historical Documents Database . University Libraries, University of Washington . November 4, 2012.
  8. Beth Lew-Williams, The Chinese Must Go: Violence, Exclusion, and the Making of the Alien in America 145 (Cambridge 2018).
  9. Web site: Watson C. Squire. The Political Graveyard. 10 October 2012.