| Wanjiazhai Dam | |
| Location Map: | China |
| Coordinates: | 39.5783°N 111.4283°W |
| Country: | China |
| Location: | Border of Pianguan County, Shaanxi Province (east bank) and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (west bank) |
| Status: | In use |
| Construction Began: | 1994 |
| Opening: | 1998 |
| Owner: | Shanxi Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project Corporation |
| Dam Type: | Gravity, concrete |
| Dam Length: | 4430NaN0 |
| Dam Height: | 1050NaN0 |
| Dam Crosses: | Yellow River |
| Spillway Type: | Crest, controlled overflow |
| Res Name: | Wanjiazhai Reservoir |
| Res Capacity Total: | 896000000m2 |
| Res Catchment: | 3950000NaN0 |
| Plant Turbines: | 6 x 180 MW Francis turbines |
| Plant Capacity: | 1,080 MW |
| Plant Annual Gen: | 2.75 TWh |
The Wanjiazhai Dam is a gravity dam on the Yellow River on the border of Pianguan County, Shaanxi Province (east bank) and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (west bank), China. The main purpose of the dam is water supply for the Wanjiazhai Water Control Project along with peak hydroelectric power generation. Construction on the dam began in 1994, the first generator went online in 1998 and the last in 2000.
The State Planning Commission approved construction of the dam in 1993. At the end of 1994, construction on the dam began and by December 1995, the river was diverted around the construction site. On October 1, 1998, the dam began to impound the reservoir and the first generator went online on November 28, 1998. Two more generators went online in 1999 and the final three in 2000.[1]
The dam is a 1050NaN0 tall and 4430NaN0 long concrete gravity dam that withholds a reservoir with 896000000m2 of water, 445000000m2 of which is the regulating capacity. The dam's power plant contains 6 x 180 MW Francis Turbine-generators for an installed capacity of 1,080 MW.[2]
Also known as the Wanjiazhai Water Transfer Project or Shanxi Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project, it is designed to alleviate water shortages in Taiyuan, Shuozhou and Datong and provide electricity for areas around the dam.[3] First, water derived from the Wanjiazhai Dam's reservoir is pumped through the 440NaN0 long General Main at a rate up to 480NaN0, being assisted by three pump stations and the Shentongzui Reservoir along the way. At Xiatuzhai village, the General Main reaches a diversion sluice where it splits into the South Main and the North Main. Traveling at a rate of 20.50NaN0, water moves through the South Main for a distance of 1020NaN0 to Fenhe River and then the Fenhe Reservoir near Taiyuan. The South Main is intended to deliver 640000000m2 of water a year. The North Main, beginning at Xiatuzhai, travels northward for a distance of 1670NaN0 at a rate of 22.20NaN0, being assisted during its route by the Daliang Reservoir and pump station. The North Main terminates at the Zhaojiaxiaocun Reservoir near Datong.[4]
Contracts for the water control project were awarded in 2001 and by the end of the year, the first step was complete when Yellow River water flowed into the Fehne Reservoir. The entire cost of the project is $1.5 billion, $500 million is being funded by the World Bank.[5]