Walter White (Tennessee politician) explained

Walter White
Office:Member of the Tennessee House of Representatives
Constituency:10th floterial district
Term Start1:1909
Term End1:1911
Predecessor1:John Neal
Term Start2:1933
Term End2:1935
Predecessor2:Grover Harris
Successor2:Sue K. Hicks
Term Start3:1937
Term End3:1939
Predecessor3:Sue K. Hicks
Successor3:Herschel Denton
Term Start4:1941
Term End4:1949
Predecessor4:Herschel Denton
Successor4:Mary Shadow
Office5:Minority Leader of the Tennessee House of Representatives
Term Start5:1937
Term End5:1939
State Senate6:Tennessee
District6:9th
Term Start6:1911
Term End6:1913
Predecessor6:John Neal
Successor6:Lewis Shepherd Pope
Birth Date:24 December 1881
Birth Place:Meigs County, Tennessee, U.S.
Death Place:Dayton, Tennessee, U.S.
Party:Republican
Spouse:Ina B. Whittemore
Relatives:Milburn White (brother)

Walter White (December 24, 1881February 14, 1951) was an American educator and politician from the state of Tennessee. White served in the Tennessee House of Representatives from the 10th floterial district non-consecutively from 1909 to 1949, and in the Tennessee Senate from 1911 to 1913, as a member of the Republican Party. He also served as the superintendent of county schools in Rhea County, Tennessee, from the 1920s to 1940s, and was a figure in the 1925 Scopes trial, helping to organize and publicize the event.

White was born in Meigs County, Tennessee, and educated at multiple universities. He was elected to the state house in 1908, and to the state senate in 1910, where he was the youngest member for that session, before he lost reelection in 1912. He unsuccessfully ran for governor twice, for the Republican nomination in 1924 and with the nomination in 1926. White returned to the state house in 1932, but was defeated in 1934. He returned in 1936, where he served as Minority Leader, but was defeated in 1938. He served in the state house again from 1941 to 1949, until his defeat by Democratic nominee Mary Shadow after losing the Republican nomination.

White served as superintendent until his removal in 1931 due to school funds misappropriation accusations, but was reappointed in 1939, where he served until his removal in 1950. He was active in local politics in Rhea County, where he operated a political machine, and was sent as a delegate to two Republican National Conventions.

Early life

Walter White was born in Meigs County, Tennessee, on December 24, 1881, to John White and Susan Couch. White was educated in schools in Meigs and Rhea counties. He attended University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, American Temperance University, Valparaiso University, Cumberland University, and Southern University Law School. He married Ina B. Whittemore, a widow with two children, on January 10, 1915. His brother, Milburn White, was elected to the Tennessee House of Representatives in the 1914 election.[1]

White became principal of Carp High School in the early 1900s.[2] He purchased the Rhea County News in 1913 while working as a teacher in Graysville, Tennessee.[3] He was an educator in multiple counties for seventeen years. He was admitted to the bar in 1944, and practiced until his death.

Career

Politics

White and John Denton chaired the 1912 Rhea County Republican convention and was a delegate to the Tennessee Republican Party's state convention.[4] [5] He chaired the county convention in 1916.[6] He was a member of the Republican congressional committee in the 4th district until his resignation in 1921.[7]

White supported Herbert Hoover for the Republican presidential nomination during the 1928 election.[8] [9] He was a delegate to the 1940 Republican National Convention from Tennessee's 3rd congressional district and supported Thomas E. Dewey and Robert A. Taft.[10] [11] He supported B. Carroll Reece, a member of the United States House of Representatives and member of the Republican National Committee, for the Republican vice-presidential nomination during the 1944 presidential election.[12] He attempted to serve as a delegate to the 1944 Republican National Convention, but a rival delegate slate was seated instead.[13] A resolution by White honoring Wendell Willkie was passed by the state house in 1945.[14]

White led a Republican faction against Luke and Ed Morgan. In 1948, the two factions held two rival county conventions that sent contesting delegates to the state convention.[15] The credentials committee voted four to three in favor of White's delegation.[16] White opposed Robert Kemmer's, a member of his political opposition, reelection to the Tennessee Senate in the 1948 election.[17] White's faction of the county party was recognized by the state party through a unanimous vote in 1950, rather than the faction led by Earl Smith.[18]

Tennessee legislature

Elections

During the 1906 election White was endorsed by the Meigs County Republican Party for a seat in the state house from Meigs and Rhea counties despite him stating that he was not interested in running. John Neal, a member of the Democratic Party who represented the district, sought election to the state senate in the 1908 election.[19] White was elected with the Republican nomination to succeed him.[20] [21] [22]

White was the chair of the Rhea County Republican Convention in 1910, and the convention endorsed him for a seat in the state senate from the 9th district.[23] [24] The 9th District Republican Senatorial Convention gave him the nomination by acclamation[25] and he was elected to succeed Neal.[26] [27] He was the youngest member of the state senate for that session.[28] White was defeated by Democratic nominee Lewis Shepherd Pope in the 1912 election.[29] [30] [31] U.S. Senator Newell Sanders gave White a job as a clerk for the Congressional Post Office after his defeat.[32]

White defeated incumbent Democratic Representative Grover Harris in the 1932 election for a seat in the state house from the 10th floterial district.[33] [34] [35] Democratic nominee Sue K. Hicks, who worked with White on the prosecution during the Scopes trial, defeated him in the 1934 election by twenty votes.[36] [37] White accused there of being fraud in the election, but the state house seated Hicks following the recommendation of an investigatory committee.[38] [39]

White defeated Democratic nominee George McKenzie in the 1936 election.[40] He lost to Democratic nominee Herschel Denton by six vote in the 1938 election. White contested the results of the election and claimed there was fraud.[41] [42] [43] He filed a petition with the Tennessee Election Commission seeking the removal of Ed Godsey and F.A. Grubb from the Meigs County Election Commission.[44] White later withdrew his contest against Denton, who was seated.[45] [46] White defeated Democratic nominee R.J. Jaco in the 1940 election.[47] He was reelected in 1942 and 1944.[48] [49] He defeated Democratic nominee D.F. Pope and independent candidate Carroll Tallent in the 1946 election.[50]

Smith challenged White for the Republican nomination during the 1948 election and both claimed victory in the primary. Glenn Woodlee ordered the arrest of C.H. Smith, chair of the Rhea County Republican primary board and Earl's father, for not releasing an official canvass of the primary vote.[51] [52] [53] He was fined $500 for contempt of court.[54] Another member of the board was Earl's first cousin.[55] The Republican state executive committee declared Smith the winner which brought criticism from Ralph Duggan, the Dewey's presidential campaign manager in Tennessee.[56] White stated that the committee ruled against him because he supported Dewey and announced his independent candidacy.[57] [58] Democratic nominee Mary Shadow defeated White and Smith.[59] She defeated him in the 1950 election.[60] Four people were accused of tampering with the election, but no indictments were issued.[61]

Tenure

White voted for Hillsman Taylor to be Speaker of the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1909.[62] White ran to be the leader of the Republicans in the state house in 1933, but withdrew and M.G. Goodwin was selected instead.[63] He served on the Labor and Education committees in the 1900s, Ways and Means committee in the 1930s, and Banking, Educator, and Labor committees in the 1940s.[64] [65] [66] White was selected as the minority leader in the state house in 1936, and also nominated for speaker.[67]

White supported the reelection of U.S. Senator James B. Frazier during the 1910–11 election.[68] White sought an appointment to the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1937.[69]

Superintendent

White became the superintendent of schools in Rhea County.[70] He was appointed by the county court for his first five terms until the state legislature changed the selection process to be done through an election and increased the term from two years to four years.[71] He defeated independent candidate J.E. Atkinson in the 1928 election.[72] The county court selected to appoint White as superintendent rather than incumbent Tallent in 1939, by a vote of 11 to 8.[73] [74]

White sought to be appointed as superintendent of public instruction by Governor Alfred A. Taylor, but J.B. Brown was appointed instead.[75] [76] In 1921, he appointed the first woman to serve on a school board in Rhea County.[77] In 1929, White filed a $10,000 libel lawsuit against B.C. Kimmer, a former member of the state house and member of the county court, but his case was dismissed by Judge Leslie Rogers Darr.[78] [79]

John T. Scopes was a teacher at one of the schools that White oversaw.[80] He was one of the attorneys for prosecution of the Scopes trial. White replaced George Rappleyea in the prosecution on May 25, 1925, at the suggestion of Neal as Rappleyea believed in evolution.[81] [82] [83] White invited Billy Sunday to assist in the prosecution, but he declined the offer.[84] [85]

In 1929, twenty-five property owners in Rhea County filed a lawsuit to remove White and seven members of the school board and in 1930, six members of the board were removed while White was acquitted, but fined $50 for being in contempt of court in 1930.[86] [87]

In 1931, the county court accused White and R.M. Green, chair of the county board of education, of misappropriating school funds.[88] [89] The school board rejected White's proposed list of teachers and then demanded their resignations after White's faction created a competing school board.[90] [91] W. N. Morgan, a supporter of White, issued a warrant against the members of the committee investigating White accusing them of "conspiring falsely to move and maintain a suit against Walter White".[92] On August 18, the county court voted twelve to three to remove White and nine to six to remove Green from their positions.[93] [94] J.H. Miser was selected to replace White and C.F. McDonald was selected to replace Green.[95] White returned to his position after Justice Alexander W. Chambliss suspended all of the actions while the case was being heard.[96] The Tennessee Supreme Court ruled that the county court had the power to remove White and Miser assumed the position on November 27.[97] [98]

The county court voted to replace White with W.B. Follis in 1948, but an injunction prevented Follis from taking office until White's term expired in 1950.[99] [100] In 1949, the state supreme court ruled that it was not unconstitutional for an official to be both a county school superintendent and member of the state house.[101] The injunction was dissolved on July 13, 1950, but a second injunction was issued on October 2.[102] [103] The injunction was dissolved and Virgil Watson was selected to replace him on October 11.[104] Another injunction was issued, but Woodlee dismissed it and Watson took office on October 25.[105] [106] White sought another injunction, but a court ruled that his term ended on July 1, 1950.[107]

Gubernatorial campaigns

White announced his campaign for the Republican nomination in the 1924 gubernatorial election on September 17, 1923.[108] The Rhea County Republican Party endorsed him during the primary.[109] Bledsoe, Greene, and Meigs counties instructed their delegates to support White,[110] but none of the candidates received the endorsement of the state party at the convention.[111] He withdrew before the primary and endorsed T. F. Peck.[112]

White was put up for the Republican nomination in the 1926 election without his permission as he was supporting former Governor Taylor.[113] [114] He announced his campaign after all of the other candidates, including Taylor, withdrew from the primary.[115] [116] Brown managed White's campaign.[117] White lost the election to Democratic Governor Austin Peay.

Death

White died on February 14, 1951, due to a heart attack in Dayton, Tennessee, and was buried on February 18.[118] A resolution by Shadow to mourn his death was passed by the Tennessee legislature.[119]

Political positions

White supported the prohibition of alcohol.[120] [121] He proposed legislation in 1909 to make campaign expenses public.[122] In 1936, White supported the creation of $30 per month pension for old people.[123] He proposed legislation to allocate $100,000 to create a printing facility in order to make textbooks free for elementary students.[124]

White supported efforts to repeal poll taxes.[125] [126] White supported women's suffrage and called for Republicans in the Tennessee state legislature to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920.[127] [128] In 1943, he called for a convention to create a new state constitution which would eliminate the poll tax, lower the voting age to 18, creation of an income tax, four-year terms for all non-judicial officials, all elections held with the presidential election, and a requirement that all rulings from the state supreme court be unanimous.[129]

White opposed the convict leasing system.[130] In 1933, he proposed legislation to make ransom kidnapping punishable by death in response to the Lindbergh kidnapping.[131] He proposed legislation to prohibit the usage of the death penalty on people under 21.[132]

White was against evolution, sent a letter to U.S. Representative J. Will Taylor asking him to introduce legislation to deny funding to schools that taught evolution, and wrote anti-evolution legislation for William David Upshaw.[133] [134]

Works cited

Notes and References

  1. News: January 21, 1933 . Tennessee Lawmakers . 4 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225183152/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119679303/nashville-banner/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  2. News: July 19, 1906 . Does Not Desire An Empty Honor . 10 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220090139/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119220530/nashville-banner/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  3. News: December 4, 1913 . Senator White Now Editor . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221152243/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119383655/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  4. News: February 17, 1912 . Republicans of Rhea Indorse Sanders . 13 . The Chattanooga News Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221144922/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119382129/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  5. News: February 18, 1912 . Rhea County . 36 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221145159/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119382137/the-tennessean/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  6. News: March 3, 1916 . Rhea Republicans For Sanders and Hooper . 4 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222045529/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119436805/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  7. News: April 14, 1921 . White Resigns from District Committee . 6 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222050851/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119437328/nashville-banner/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  8. News: August 24, 1927 . Dayton Man To Boost Hoover As Candidate . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081414/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585253/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  9. News: January 31, 1928 . White Indorses Herbert Hoover . 9 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082625/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585405/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  10. News: April 20, 1940 . Republicans Name Patten and White . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226213928/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119769098/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  11. News: June 28, 1940 . Balloting . 7 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226214254/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119769486/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  12. News: October 22, 1943 . Educator Backs Reece Nomination . 10 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301112624/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119805354/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  13. News: June 22, 1944 . State's Third District Delegates Given Seats . 2 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227073849/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119805525/nashville-banner/ . February 27, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  14. News: January 23, 1945 . Legislature Gets Bills of Cities for 'Home Rule' . 9 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227075155/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119805733/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . February 27, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  15. News: January 16, 1948 . GOP In Rhea Holds Rival Conventions . 20 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301064503/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944066/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  16. News: February 8, 1948 . Politically Speaking . 18 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301071116/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944579/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  17. News: January 19, 1948 . State Senate Tiff Develops In Ninth . 11 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301065158/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944163/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  18. News: April 22, 1950 . State GOP Ruling For Walter White . 10 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301112506/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947424/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  19. News: October 26, 1908 . Floterial Fight Is Growing Warm . 5 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220091634/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119220885/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  20. News: January 28, 1908 . History of Rhea County . 10 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220090844/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119220739/the-chattanooga-star/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  21. News: June 20, 1908 . Rhea Republicans Nominate Ticket . 7 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220092002/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119220971/nashville-banner/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  22. News: November 4, 1908 . Legislature of Tennessee . 7 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220091820/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119220950/nashville-banner/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  23. News: April 13, 1910 . Republicans of Rhea Select Their Ticket . 6 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221013221/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119329597/knoxville-sentinel/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  24. News: April 16, 1910 . Acute In Its Many Phases . 4 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221013530/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119329980/nashville-banner/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  25. News: July 4, 1910 . Republicans of the Ninth District . 9 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221013913/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119330450/nashville-banner/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  26. News: August 27, 1910 . State Politics Turn To Legislative Ticket . 4 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221015638/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119331935/knoxville-sentinel/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  27. News: November 21, 1910 . Members-Elect of General Assembly . 13 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221015820/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119334082/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  28. News: March 20, 1912 . White for Re-Election . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221145440/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119382269/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  29. News: August 10, 1912 . Senator Walter White Is Given Renomination . 14 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221150717/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119382928/knoxville-sentinel/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  30. News: November 8, 1912 . Pope's Election . 10 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221150922/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119382916/nashville-banner/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  31. News: Pope, Lewis Shepherd (1878-1972) Papers 1825-1971 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221151224/https://sos-tn-gov-files.tnsosfiles.com/forms/POPE_LEWIS_SHEPHERD_PAPERS_1825-1971.pdf . February 21, 2023.
  32. News: December 30, 1912 . Senator Newell Sanders Gets Walter White Job . 8 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221151431/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119383259/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  33. News: July 3, 1932 . Walter White a Candidate . 24 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225052039/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119652657/nashville-banner/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  34. News: July 17, 1932 . Candidates for the Legislature In Counties Near Chattanooga . 8 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225052226/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119652776/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  35. News: November 9, 1932 . Walter White Wins In Meigs and Rhea . 2 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225052403/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119652809/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  36. News: November 5, 1934 . In Assembly Race . 11 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226041119/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119723070/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  37. News: November 21, 1934 . To Contest Election . 2 . Kingsport Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226041735/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119723247/kingsport-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  38. News: November 13, 1934 . Rhea Man Charges Fraud In Election . 4 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226042230/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119723274/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  39. News: January 22, 1935 . Lower House Seats Hicks After Report . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226042320/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119723732/nashville-banner/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  40. News: November 4, 1936 . Walter White Elected To State Legislature . 2 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226125918/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119734876/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  41. News: November 15, 1938 . Report Shows White Beaten . 1 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226210302/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119766044/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  42. News: November 15, 1938 . White To Protest Denton Election . 3 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226210544/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119766252/the-tennessean/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  43. News: November 12, 1938 . White Charges Effort Made To 'Steal' Election . 3 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226210718/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119766284/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  44. News: November 22, 1938 . 2 Commissioners Accused By White . 9 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226211042/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119766706/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  45. News: January 3, 1939 . House Seats Denton Rhea-Meigs 'Floater' . 7 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226211326/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119766811/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  46. News: January 6, 1939 . White Drops Suit Contesting Vote . 8 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226211450/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119766837/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  47. News: November 8, 1940 . GOP Loses Little Prestige In East Tennessee Election . 2 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226214806/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119769914/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  48. News: November 5, 1942 . Democrats Get 29 Seats In Senate . 11 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227070951/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119805039/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 27, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  49. News: November 10, 1944 . Republicans Show Biggest Gain In Recent Years In Tennessee . 2 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227074424/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119805628/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 27, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  50. News: November 28, 1946 . M'Cord's Majority Was 76,715 Votes . 11 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301005445/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119925904/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  51. News: August 11, 1948 . Chancellor To Try Settling GOP Dispute . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301071951/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944691/the-leaf-chronicle/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  52. News: August 12, 1948 . Chancellor To Try Settling GOP Dispute . 13 . Johnson City Press . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301071859/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944745/johnson-city-press/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  53. News: August 13, 1948 . Chairman of GOP Primary Board Jailed For Contempt . 10 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301072156/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944798/kingsport-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  54. News: September 1, 1948 . GOP Primary Board Head Fined $500 As Vote Aftermath . 23 . Johnson City Press . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301073740/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119945009/johnson-city-press/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  55. News: August 15, 1948 . Shocking Events in Election Over Tennessee Point Up Need for Tightening Foolish Laws . 18 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301072452/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944852/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  56. News: August 15, 1948 . Duggan Accuses Smith Of GOP 'Star Chamber'; White Loses Rhea Fight . 1 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301073350/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944927/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  57. News: August 26, 1948 . Bulletin . 17 . Johnson City Press . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301073505/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944982/johnson-city-press/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  58. News: August 31, 1948 . Woman Candidate Busy Campaigner . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301073556/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119944985/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  59. News: November 3, 1948 . Professor Is Elected To State House . 8 . Bristol News Bulletin . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301074729/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119945204/the-bristol-news-bulletin/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  60. News: November 15, 1950 . Mary Shadow's Lead Officially 318 . 5 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301115113/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947715/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  61. News: December 5, 1950 . Jury Fails To Act on Rhea Election . 13 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301115359/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947840/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  62. News: January 5, 1909 . Taylor Elected Speaker . 4 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220092232/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119221061/nashville-banner/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  63. News: January 2, 1933 . Goodwin is G.O.P. House Floor Leader . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225053301/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119653184/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  64. News: January 26, 1909 . Taylor Committee Appointments . 5 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220093106/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119221238/the-leaf-chronicle/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  65. News: January 11, 1933 . Brack R. Sams Heads House Finance Group . 9 . Bristol News Bulletin . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225053130/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119653126/the-bristol-news-bulletin/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  66. News: January 10, 1947 . Committees Set By Legislature . 16 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301011314/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119927197/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  67. News: December 17, 1936 . Rhea Educator Named House Minority Chief . 2 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226130214/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119734934/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  68. News: September 26, 1910 . White Will Not Quit . 2 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221020101/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119331587/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  69. News: March 1, 1937 . I.C.C. Post Sought By Walter White . 11 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132750/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119735630/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  70. News: November 10, 1920 . White, of Rhea, Asks For Piece of Pie . 3 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222045737/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119436899/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  71. News: January 3, 1929 . Walter White Begins Sixth Term In Rhea . 4 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224084152/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585502/nashville-banner/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  72. News: August 4, 1929 . Rhea Vote Heaviest In County's History . 2 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224084337/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585550/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  73. News: January 2, 1939 . Rhea Court To Elect County Schools Head . 7 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226212057/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119767489/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  74. News: January 3, 1939 . White Again Heads Rhea County Schools . 5 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226212211/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119767480/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  75. News: November 11, 1920 . Rhea County Educator To Seek State Position . 7 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222045112/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119436631/knoxville-sentinel/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  76. News: January 8, 1921 . Congratulations Brown . 11 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222045944/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119436980/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  77. News: June 15, 1921 . Mrs. Broyles Appointed to Rhea School Board . 2 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222051237/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119437430/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  78. News: February 27, 1929 . Walter White Sues For $10,000 Damage . 2 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224084753/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585628/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  79. News: April 5, 1929 . Walter White Case Dismissed By Court . 20 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224084946/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585651/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  80. News: May 10, 1925 . Dayton Teacher Is Making Test; Not Guilty Plea . 9 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081514/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119543353/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  81. News: May 25, 1925 . Scopes Trial Is Set For July 10 . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081552/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119543729/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  82. News: May 26, 1925 . Dayton Quiet Again After A Week's Thrills . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081631/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119543694/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  83. News: July 11, 1925 . Order of Events In Scopes Case . 14 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081727/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119545760/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  84. News: July 3, 1925 . Billy Sunday Invited By Scopes Prosecution . 1 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081809/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119545920/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  85. News: July 11, 1925 . Billy Sunday Sends Blessing . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081850/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119545982/nashville-banner/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  86. News: May 5, 1930 . Suit To Oust School Board In Rhea Heard . 2 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224091302/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585837/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  87. News: May 16, 1930 . Ousted Members To Appeal Cases . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225052559/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119585856/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  88. News: July 28, 1931 . Charges Flung As Rhea Court Lifts Tax Rate . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225180601/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119606324/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  89. News: July 27, 1931 . Charges . 1 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225180706/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119606460/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  90. News: August 1, 1931 . Two Rhea Factions Split On Teachers . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225180908/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119606594/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  91. News: August 6, 1931 . Rhea Board Asks Teachers Named By White Resign . 18 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225181519/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119606650/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  92. News: August 12, 1931 . Dayton Squires Under Arrest On Charge By White . 1 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225181515/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119606834/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  93. News: August 18, 1931 . Walter White, Prosecutor Of Scopes, Ousted From Office . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225181641/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119606970/the-leaf-chronicle/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  94. News: August 18, 1931 . Court Deposes Walter White In Rhea County . 2 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225181757/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119607154/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  95. News: August 31, 1931 . Miser Elected As New Head Of Rhea Scools . 1 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225182007/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119607371/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  96. News: September 9, 1931 . White Returned . 8 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225182311/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119607561/kingsport-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  97. News: November 15, 1931 . Court Upholds Squires' Action In Firing White . 1 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225182450/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119608103/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  98. News: November 28, 1931 . Miser Assumes Duties As Head Of Rhea Schools . 2 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225182805/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119608154/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  99. News: September 16, 1948 . Squires Oust White, but He Enjoins Successor . 12 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301075211/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119945271/the-knoxville-news-sentinel/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  100. News: September 17, 1948 . Court Bans Issued In School Fight . 13 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301075345/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119945309/the-bristol-herald-courier/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  101. News: December 17, 1949 . Ruling Legislator Can Hold County Post . 2 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301080532/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119945457/the-memphis-press-scimitar/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  102. News: July 15, 1950 . Injunction Fight Is Lost By White . 7 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301113411/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947539/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  103. News: October 3, 1950 . Post Is Retained By Walter White . 9 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301113501/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947543/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  104. News: October 12, 1950 . Walter White Ousted By Dayton Court . 25 . Johnson City Press . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301113619/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947566/johnson-city-press/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  105. News: October 21, 1950 . New Round Is Lost By Walter White . 9 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301113942/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947624/chattanooga-daily-times/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  106. News: October 26, 1950 . Rhea County Evicts White From Post . 12 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301114154/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947651/the-knoxville-journal/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  107. News: December 2, 1950 . White Loses Fight To Appeals Court . 12 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230301115645/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119947875/the-knoxville-journal/ . March 1, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  108. News: September 18, 1923 . Walter White In Race For Republican Nomination . 14 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230223044123/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119509012/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 23, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  109. News: February 7, 1924 . Walter White Gets Rhea Endorsement . 4 . The Journal and Tribune . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230223045639/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119509691/the-journal-and-tribune/ . February 23, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  110. News: April 14, 1924 . Senator Walter White Gets Three Counties . 3 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230223050600/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119510019/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 23, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  111. News: May 1, 1924 . Shelby Fight Put Up To Convention . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230223051541/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119510423/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 23, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  112. News: July 16, 1924 . Walter White Out; Will Support Peck . 7 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230223052213/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119510614/nashville-banner/ . February 23, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  113. News: June 3, 1926 . Walter White Is Candidate For Governor . 5 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224081951/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119548426/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  114. News: June 4, 1926 . Prof. Walter White Is Not Candidate . 13 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082048/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119548443/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  115. News: July 13, 1926 . Taylor Will Not Run For Governor . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082201/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119578147/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  116. News: July 17, 1926 . Nomination Goes To Walter White . 1 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082247/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119578190/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  117. News: September 18, 1926 . Republicans Name Campaign Manager . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082328/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119579305/nashville-banner/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  118. News: February 17, 1951 . Funeral Is Sunday For Walter White . 9 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220083357/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119212740/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  119. News: February 22, 1951 . Legislature . 14 . Johnson City Press . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220083702/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119212870/johnson-city-press/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  120. News: January 8, 1909 . Majority of Members Sign Temperance Bills . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220092454/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119221114/nashville-banner/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  121. News: January 26, 1909 . Another Bill To Carry Out The Prohibition Idea . 5 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220092835/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119221200/the-leaf-chronicle/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  122. News: April 23, 1909 . Campaign Expenses . 4 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220093721/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119221404/the-leaf-chronicle/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  123. News: December 17, 1936 . Walter White To Run For Floterial Post . 11 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226130607/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119735031/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  124. News: February 8, 1937 . Free Textbooks Being Proposed By Rhea Leader . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226131303/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119735201/the-jackson-sun/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  125. News: February 16, 1951 . Walter White, 69, Is Dead In Dayton . 13 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230220082635/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119212501/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 20, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  126. News: February 25, 1938 . White Will Favor Poll Tax Repeal . 5 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226205517/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119765298/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  127. News: February 25, 1911 . Ballot For The Ladies . 16 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230221141443/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119380674/nashville-banner/ . February 21, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  128. News: August 11, 1920 . Eyes Turned On Republican Members . 12 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230222044439/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119436323/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 22, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  129. News: July 20, 1943 . Legislator Urges State Convention . 1 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227072052/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119805213/the-tennessean/ . February 27, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  130. News: March 12, 1924 . Platform Planks Of Walter White . 3 . Chattanooga Daily Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230223050058/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119509815/chattanooga-daily-times/ . February 23, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  131. News: January 17, 1933 . Rep. White's Bill . 5 . Bristol News Bulletin . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230225183428/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119679544/the-bristol-news-bulletin/ . February 25, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  132. News: February 16, 1937 . Levies Jump In Browning Tax Program . 3 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132543/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119735568/the-knoxville-journal/ . February 26, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  133. News: June 14, 1925 . Motion to Quash Evolution Case Filed by Scopes . 6 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082418/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119544386/the-tennessean/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.
  134. News: July 21, 1925 . White to Draw Ape Bill for W.D. Upshaw . 12 . The Chattanooga News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224082505/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/119546592/the-chattanooga-news/ . February 24, 2023 . Newspapers.com.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Walter White (Tennessee politician)".

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